Nature Reviews Neuroscience
August 15, 2022
Karola Kaefer, Federico Stella, B. McNaughton et al.
The spontaneous replay of patterns of activity related to past experiences and memories is a striking feature of brain activity, as is the coherent activation of sets of brain areas — particularly those comprising the default mode network (DMN) — during rest. We propose that these two phenomena are strongly intertwined and that their potential functions overlap. In the ‘cascaded memory systems...
Journal of Pain
August 4, 2022
Carly Hunt, Janelle E. Letzen, Samuel R Krimmel et al.
15 citations
Formal training in mindfulness-based practices promotes reduced experimental and clinical pain, which may be driven by reduced emotional pain reactivity and undergirded by alterations in the default mode network, implicated in mind-wandering and self-referential processing. Recent results published in this journal suggest that mindfulness, defined here as the day-to-day tendency to maintain a...
Scientific Reports
August 2, 2022
Benno Bremer, Qiong Wu, María Guadalupe Mora Álvarez et al.
125 citations
Recent research has begun to identify the neural mechanisms underlying the beneficial impact of mindfulness meditation training (MMT) on health and cognition. However, little is known about the effects of MMT on the global interplay of large-scale networks (LSNs) in the brain. In the present study, healthy, meditation-naïve adults (N = 46) underwent resting state fMRI prior to and upon...
Journal of Psychiatric Research
August 1, 2022
Marco Marino, C. Spironelli, Dante Mantini et al.
Although alterations of the default mode network (DMN) in schizophrenia (SZ) have been largely investigated, less research has been carried out on DMN alterations in different sub-phenotypes of this disorder. The aim of this pilot study was to compare DMN features among SZ patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). Three groups of 17 participants each were considered:...
Human Brain Mapping
July 29, 2022
Hang Zhang, Shiyou Yang, Yang Qiao et al.
27 citations
The low-frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuation in sustained attention attracts enormous interest in cognitive neuroscience and clinical research since it always leads to cognitive and behavioral lapses. What is the source of the spontaneous fluctuation in sustained attention in neural activity, and how does the neural fluctuation relate to behavioral fluctuation? Here, we address these questions by...
Scientific Reports
July 18, 2022
Hadley Rahrig, David R. Vago, Matthew A. Passarelli et al.
83 citations
Abstract This meta-analysis sought to expand upon neurobiological models of mindfulness through investigation of inherent brain network connectivity outcomes, indexed via resting state functional connectivity (rsFC). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of rsFC as an outcome of mindfulness training (MT) relative to control, with the hypothesis that MT would increase cross-network...
Pain
July 7, 2022
Gabriel Riegner, Grace Posey, Valeria Oliva et al.
41 citations
ABSTRACT: For millenniums, mindfulness was believed to diminish pain by reducing the influence of self-appraisals of noxious sensations. Today, mindfulness meditation is a highly popular and effective pain therapy that is believed to engage multiple, nonplacebo-related mechanisms to attenuate pain. Recent evidence suggests that mindfulness meditation-induced pain relief is associated with the...
Research Square
June 21, 2022
Paweł Krukow, Kamil Jonak
preprint
When performing cognitively demanding tasks, we all sometimes experience a momentary distractions or our stream of consciousness is intercepted by personal associations. This phenomenon is called Mind Wandering (MW) and it became a subject of neuroscientific investigations. Off-task thoughts can be analyzed during task performance, but currently MW is also understood as a dimension of...
medRxiv
June 16, 2022
Caroline L. Alves, Thaise G. L. de O. Toutain, Joel Augusto Moura Porto et al.
preprint
There is a growing interest in the medical use of psychedelic substances as preliminary studies using them for psychiatric disorders have shown positive results. In particularly, one of these substances is N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) an agonist serotonergic psychedelic that can induce profound alterations in state of consciousness. In this work, we propose a computational method based on...
Neuroimage
June 1, 2022
Brigitta Malagurski, P. F. Deschwanden, L. Jäncke et al.
Cross-sectional studies have consistently identified age-associated alterations in default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity (FC). Yet, research on longitudinal trajectories of FC changes of the DMN in healthy aging is less conclusive. For the present study, we used a resting state functional MRI dataset drawn from the Longitudinal Healthy Aging Brain Database Project (LHAB) collected...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
May 30, 2022
Rebecca Smausz, Joanna C. Neill, John Gigg
60 citations
Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound with profound perception-, emotion- and cognition-altering properties and great potential for treating brain disorders. However, the neural mechanisms mediating its effects require in-depth investigation as there is still much to learn about how psychedelic drugs produce their profound and long-lasting effects. In this review, we outline...
The Neuroscientist
May 25, 2022
Georg Northoff, Deniz Vatansever, Andrea Scalabrini et al.
53 citations
What is the role of the brain's ongoing activity for cognition? The predominant perspectives associate ongoing brain activity with resting state, the default-mode network (DMN), and internally oriented mentation. This triad is often contrasted with task states, non-DMN brain networks, and externally oriented mentation, together comprising a "dual model" of brain and cognition. In opposition to...
Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry
May 9, 2022
Giulia Battilotti, Miloš Borozan, Rosapia Lauro Grotto
In the present contribution we sketch an interpretation of the characterizing aspects of processing taking place in the Default Mode Network based on a formal logic model of the psychoanalytic theory. In particular, we apply a logical model of the structural Freudian Unconscious as described in the so-called Bi-Logic introduced by the Chilean psychoanalyst I. Matte Blanco. We ground our...
Brain Structure and Function
May 6, 2022
Eleonora de Filippi, Anira Escrichs, Estela Càmara et al.
23 citations
In the past decades, there has been a growing scientific interest in characterizing neural correlates of meditation training. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying meditation remain elusive. In the present work, we investigated meditation-related changes in functional dynamics and structural connectivity (SC). For this purpose, we scanned experienced meditators and control (naive) subjects...
May 3, 2022
Ceci Westbrook, Janine M. Dutcher, Susan Kusmierski et al.
preprint
Uncontrollable worry is a hallmark of generalized anxiety disorder and a transdiagnostic feature of psychopathology. Mindfulness-based strategies show promise for treating worry, but neural mechanisms of mindful disengagement remain incompletely characterized. We recruited 40 participants with clinically significant worry to undergo fMRI while engaging in real-time, idiographic worry and...
Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
May 1, 2022
A. Roig-Herrero, Álvaro Planchuelo-Gómez, Marta Hernández-garcía et al.
Anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) in schizophrenia have been under research for the last 20 years. However, no neuroimage studies have provided insight of the possible biological underpinning of ASEs. In this novel approach, the connectivity within the default mode network, calculated through a ROI-based analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, was correlated to the ASEs scores...
Brain Research Bulletin
May 1, 2022
David D. Aguilar, J. McNally
The precise interplay between large-scale functional neural systems throughout the brain is essential for performance of cognitive processes. In this review we focus on the default mode network (DMN), one such functional network that is active during periods of quiet wakefulness and believed to be involved in introspection and planning. Abnormalities in DMN functional connectivity and...
Brain Science
May 1, 2022
Mikell Bursky, Dakota A. Egglefield, Sophie Schiff et al.
Depression is often associated with co-occurring neurocognitive deficits in executive function (EF), processing speed (PS) and emotion regulation (ER), which impact treatment response. Cognitive training targeting these capacities results in improved cognitive function and mood, demonstrating the relationship between cognition and affect, and shedding light on novel targets for...
Scientific Reports
April 15, 2022
S. Weber, André Aleman, Kenneth Hugdahl
Everyday cognitive functioning is characterized by constant alternations between different modes of information processing, driven by constant fluctuations in environmental demands. At the neural level, this is realized through corresponding dynamic shifts in functional activation and network connectivity. A distinction is often made between resting and task processing and between task-negative...
Brain Science
April 1, 2022
Hui Zhang, T. Chung, Fergus Kai-Chuen Wong et al.
Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common symptom in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Moreover, many neurological manifestations have been reported in these patients, suggesting central nervous system involvement. The default mode network (DMN) is closely associated with olfactory processing. In this study, we investigated the internetwork and intranetwork connectivity of the DMN and...