Research published in Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging

Default mode network functional connectivity following treatment with conventional antidepressants and (es)ketamine in major depressive disorder: A systematic review

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging September 17, 2026 Juliana Lima Constantino, Jesca E. de Jager, Jasper O. Nuninga et al.

Antidepressant treatments, including conventional antidepressants and (es)ketamine, may reverse default mode network (DMN) resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) alterations related to major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite these agents having distinct initial action mechanisms, both likely share downstream effects that lead to structural and functional adaptations in MDD-related neural...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2026.112333

Hyperband Versus Conventional Resting-State fMRI in Young Adults with High-Risk Substance Use: A Within-Participant Comparison of Default Mode Network Measures

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging September 1, 2026 Mahmoud Elsayed, Carly McIntyre‐Wood, Kyla L. Belisario et al.

Background Accelerated resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) may reduce scan time and participant burden, but whether shortened acquisitions preserve functional connectivity profiles and clinical associations remains unclear. This study compared hyperband and conventional acquisitions in characterizing default mode network (DMN) connectivity and associations with substance use. Methods A community...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2026.112343

Brain iron-sensitive markers (magnetic susceptibility and R2*) predict antidepressant response to ketamine in treatment-resistant depression.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging August 1, 2026 Kengo Yonezawa, Shinichiro Nakajima, Shuhei Shibukawa et al.

Ketamine may alleviate treatment-resistant depression (TRD) primarily through glutamatergic modulation, with downstream dopaminergic activation. Iron plays an important role in monoaminergic metabolism, that is also implicated in the pathophysiology of TRD. Both Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) and Effective Transverse Relaxation Rate (R2*) mapping can determine the extent of iron...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2026.112229 Full text Ketamine Treatment-resistant depression Amygdala Double-blind +4

Brain functional network dynamics in women with alleged mediumship: a controlled study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging June 2026 Jéssica Plácido, Marco Aurélio Vinhosa Bastos, Paulo Roberto Haidamus de Oliveira Bastos et al.

The Brain Functional Networks (BFN) approach integrates Electroencephalography, Graph Theory, and Motif Synchronization to identify brain regions that are functionally connected over time, even if spatially distant. This contrasts with previous studies on mediumship. To analyze BFN topological indices during mediumistic trance. Secondary data collected in Campo Grande, Brazil, were analyzed....

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2026.112164 Full text Brain networks EEG Mediumship Spiritism +1

Altered neural reward activation predicts clinical depression improvement after a novel loving-kindness meditation: a multimodal neuroimaging study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging October 1, 2025 Zhaohua Chen, Chun Cui, Xiaoxiao Sun et al.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) has become the second largest risk factor affecting human health, with a progress in its treatment especially non-pharmacological therapies. The loving-kindness meditation (LKM) has been introduced to depression but is not popular due to requirement on awareness and concentration, and its utilization in clinical MDD is absent as well as exploration on neural...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112059 Full text FMRI Reward card-guessing task

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback modulates auditory cortex activity and connectivity in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations: A controlled study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging October 1, 2025 Clemens C C Bauer, Jiahe Zhang, Francesca Morfini et al.

Auditory hallucinations (AHs) affect 60-80 % of schizophrenia patients and often resist antipsychotic treatment. AHs involve superior temporal gyrus (STG) hyperactivity and disrupted auditory-cognitive control connectivity. Real-time fMRI neurofeedback (NFB) enables voluntary modulation of targeted brain regions. We previously showed STG-targeted NFB with mindfulness meditation reduced STG...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112050 Full text Default mode network Mindfulness Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Superior temporal gyrus

EEG vigilance and response to oral prolonged-release ketamine in treatment-resistant depression - A double-blind randomized validation study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging July 1, 2025 Anna Monn, Corinne Eicher, Annia Rüesch et al. 2 citations

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is associated with reduced quality of life and elevated mortality, posing a major challenge to psychiatric care. After non-response to conventional treatments, next-level interventions such as (es)ketamine are recommended, though remission rates remain variable. Identifying reliable markers of treatment response is therefore critical. Recent evidence...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112001 Full text Treatment-resistant depression Biomarkers biomarker Biological marker Molecular marker +5

Neural regulation of pain anticipation is associated with mindful behavior change in patients with anxiety or depression: A pilot study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging March 1, 2025 Michael Datko, Jacqueline Lutz, Richa Gawande et al. 1 citation

Behavior change often requires overcoming discomfort or difficult emotions. Emotional dysregulation associated with anxiety or depression may prevent behavior change initiation among people managing chronic illness. Mindfulness training may catalyze chronic disease self-management by reducing experiential avoidance of aversive experiences that act as barriers to change initiation. Using a fMRI...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111941 Full text Anxiety Depression Meditation Mindfulness +5

Sex differences in inter-temporal decision making and cortical thickness of the orbitofrontal and insula in young adult cannabis users: Evidence from 1111 subjects.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging January 2025 Alan N. Francis, Joan A Camprodon, Francesca Filbey

To test for sex differences in the impact of cannabis use on decision-making and brain correlates, we employed cortical thickness (CT) analysis of brain regions involved in intertemporal decision-making namely bilateral orbitofrontal cortex(OFC) and insula in young adult nondependent cannabis-users(CU) and non-users(NU) and their scores on delay discounting task. Neuroimaging analyzes of...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111919 Full text Cannabis Marijuana Cortical thickness Decision making +3

Functional hyperconnectivity between corticocerebellar networks and altered decision making in young adult cannabis users: Evidence from 7T and multivariate pattern analysis.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging March 1, 2023 Alan N. Francis, Joan A Camprodon, Francesca Filbey PhD

Decision-making (DM) impairments are important predictors of cannabis initiation and continued use. In cannabis users, how decision-making abnormalities related to structural and functional connectivity in the brain are not fully understood. We employed a three-method multimodal image analysis and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) on high dimensional 7 tesla MRI images examining functional...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111613

Increased insula response to interoceptive attention following mindfulness training is associated with increased body trusting among patients with depression.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging December 1, 2022 Michael Datko, Jacqueline Lutz, Richa Gawande et al.

Interoceptive dysfunction is often present in anxiety and depression. We investigated the effects of an 8-week intervention, Mindfulness Training for Primary Care (MTPC), on brain mechanisms of interoceptive attention among patients with anxiety and/or depression. We hypothesized that fMRI brain response to interoception in the insula, a region known for interoceptive processing, would increase...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111559 Full text Anxiety Meditation Interoception Intervention +2

Default mode network components and its relationship with anomalous self-experiences in schizophrenia: A rs-fMRI exploratory study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging May 1, 2022 Alejandro Roig-Herrero, Álvaro Planchuelo-Gómez, Marta Hernández-garcía et al.

Anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) in schizophrenia have been under research for the last 20 years. However, no neuroimage studies have provided insight of the possible biological underpinning of ASEs. In this novel approach, the connectivity within the default mode network, calculated through a ROI-based analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, was correlated to the ASEs scores...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111495 Full text

Restoration of default mode network and task positive network anti-correlation associated with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging November 1, 2021 Tina Chou, Darin D. Dougherty, Andrew A. Nierenberg et al.

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BP) show abnormalities in the default mode network (DMN), a brain network active at rest and during self-referential cognition. In healthy individuals, the DMN is anti-correlated (strongly negatively correlated) with the task positive network (TPN), a brain network that is active during attention demanding tasks. Mindfulness has been linked to changes in DMN...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111419 Full text

Changes in the neural correlates of self-blame following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in remitted depressed participants.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging July 23, 2020 K. Williams, Rebecca Elliott, S. Mckie et al.

Mindfulness-Based-Cognitive-Therapy (MBCT) reduces vulnerability for relapse into depression by helping individuals to counter tendencies to engage in maladaptive repetitive patterns of thinking and respond more compassionately to negative self-judgment. However, little is known about the neural correlates underlying these effects. To elucidate these correlates, we investigated fMRI brain...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111152 Full text

World/self ambivalence: A shared mechanism in different subsets of psychotic experiences? Linking symptoms with resting-state fMRI.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging May 30, 2020 Stefano Damiani, Laura Fusar‐poli, Natascia Brondino et al.

The psychosis spectrum comprises heterogeneous disorders characterized by both world-related and self-related symptoms. How these symptoms may arise with similar features in spite of the different aetiologies is yet an unsolved question. In behavior narrative review, we compare three conditions characterized by psychotic experiences (schizophrenia, substance-use disorder and...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111068 Full text Psychosis Resting State FMRI Schizophrenia Self-other relationship +2

Synaptic potentiation and rapid antidepressant response to ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: A replication study.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging January 30, 2019 Allison C. Nugent, Kathleen E. Wills, Jessica R. Gilbert et al.

Preclinical and clinical evidence has demonstrated that ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects. Studies using pre-treatment with an AMPA inhibitor suggest that enhancing AMPA throughput is crucial to ketamine's effects, including increases in both basal and evoked gamma power. This study sought to replicate previous findings of increased gamma response to a somatosensory stimulus at 230 min...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.09.001 Full text Depression Ketamine Magnetoencephalography meg

Associations between Adolescent Cannabis Use and Brain Structure in Psychosis

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging March 28, 2018 H. Abush, S. Ghose, Erin van Enkevort et al.

Associations between cannabis use and psychotic disorders suggest that cannabis may be a contributory risk factor in the neurobiology of psychosis. In this study, we examined brain structure characteristics, total and regional gray matter density (GMD), using Voxel Based Morphometry, in psychotic individuals, stratified by history of cannabis use (total n=109). We also contrasted GMD estimates...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.03.008 Full text

Meditation and the brain - Neuronal correlates of mindfulness as assessed with near-infrared spectroscopy.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging January 30, 2018 Friederike Gundel, Johanna Von Spee, Sabrina Schneider et al.

Mindfulness meditation as a therapeutic intervention has been shown to have positive effects on psychological problems such as depression, pain or anxiety disorders. In this study, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to detect differences in hemodynamic responses of meditation experts (14 participants) and a control group (16 participants) in a resting and a mindfulness...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.04.002 Full text Dmn Meditation Mindfulness Auditory cortex +2

Depression in chronic ketamine users: Sex differences and neural bases.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging November 30, 2017 Chiang‐Shan R. Li, Sheng Zhang, Chia-Chun Hung et al.

Chronic ketamine use leads to cognitive and affective deficits including depression. Here, we examined sex differences and neural bases of depression in chronic ketamine users. Compared to non-drug using healthy controls (HC), ketamine-using females but not males showed increased depression score as assessed by the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We evaluated resting...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.09.001 Full text Depression Ketamine Sud Sex difference +3

Relationship of mindful awareness to neural processing of angry faces and impact of mindfulness training: A pilot investigation.

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging June 30, 2017 Athene K W Lee, David A Gansler, Nanyin Zhang et al.

Mindfulness is paying attention, non-judgmentally, to experience in the moment. Mindfulness training reduces depression and anxiety and influences neural processes in midline self-referential and lateralized somatosensory and executive networks. Although mindfulness benefits emotion regulation, less is known about its relationship to anger and the corresponding neural correlates. This study...

DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.03.016 Full text Mindfulness Anger Experiential awareness FMRI +1

Brain sources of EEG gamma frequency during volitionally meditation-induced, altered states of consciousness, and experience of the self

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging November 1, 2001 Dietrich Lehmann, Pascal L Faber, Peter Achermann et al. 212 citations

Multichannel EEG of an advanced meditator was recorded during four different, repeated meditations. Locations of intracerebral source gravity centers as well as Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) functional images of the EEG 'gamma' (35-44 Hz) frequency band activity differed significantly between meditations. Thus, during volitionally self-initiated, altered states of...

DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4927(01)00116-0

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