Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
December 21, 2017
Rachel A Crockett, Chun Liang Hsu, John R Best et al.
Aging is associated with an increased risk of falling. In particular, older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are more vulnerable to falling compared with their healthy counterparts. Major contributors to this increased falls risk include a decline in dual task performance, gait speed, and postural sway. Recent evidence highlights the potential influence of the default mode network...
Nature Human Behaviour
December 4, 2017
Vadim Axelrod, Geraint Rees, Moshe Bar
Self-generated cognitions, such as recalling personal memories or empathizing with others, are ubiquitous and essential for our lives. Such internal mental processing is ascribed to the Default Mode Network, a large network of the human brain, though the underlying neural and cognitive mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that our mental experience is mediated by...
Cerebral Cortex
December 1, 2017
Junhai Xu, Xuntao Yin, Haitao Ge et al.
The default mode network (DMN) is thought to reflect endogenous neural activity, which is considered as one of the most intriguing phenomena in cognitive neuroscience. Previous studies have found that key regions within the DMN are highly interconnected. Here, we characterized the genetic influences on causal or directed information flow within the DMN during the resting state. In this study,...
Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics
December 1, 2017
Kurt E Weaver, Andrew V. Poliakov, Edward J Novotny et al.
OBJECTIVE The acquisition and refinement of cognitive and behavioral skills during development is associated with the maturation of various brain oscillatory activities. Most developmental investigations have identified distinct patterns of low-frequency electrophysiological activity that are characteristic of various behavioral milestones. In this investigation, the authors focused on the...
Journal of clinical neurophysiology
November 1, 2017
Anthony D. Bowman, Joseph C. Griffis, Kristina M. Visscher et al.
Purpose: Reports of the relationship between the default mode network (DMN) and alpha power are conflicting. Our goal was to assess this relationship by analyzing concurrently obtained EEG/functional MRI data using hypothesis-independent methods. Methods: We collected functional MRI and EEG data during eyes-closed rest in 20 participants aged 19 to 37 (10 females) and performed independent...
Scientific Reports
October 25, 2017
Liila Taruffi, Corinna Pehrs, Stavros Skouras et al.
177 citations
Music is a ubiquitous phenomenon in human cultures, mostly due to its power to evoke and regulate emotions. However, effects of music evoking different emotional experiences such as sadness and happiness on cognition, and in particular on self-generated thought, are unknown. Here we use probe-caught thought sampling and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the influence...
NeuroImage: Clinical
October 19, 2017
Z. Alshelh, K.K. Marciszewski, R. Akhter et al.
176 citations
It has been proposed that pain competes with other attention-demanding stimuli for cognitive resources, and many chronic pain patients display significant attention and mental flexibility deficits. These alterations may result from disruptions in the functioning of the default mode network (DMN) which plays a critical role in attention, memory, prospection and self-processing, and recent...
Frontiers in Neuroscience
September 28, 2017
Michael Winkelman
105 citations
Neuropharmacological effects of psychedelics have profound cognitive, emotional, and social effects that inspired the development of cultures and religions worldwide. Findings that psychedelics objectively and reliably produce mystical experiences press the question of the neuropharmacological mechanisms by which these highly significant experiences are produced by exogenous neurotransmitter...
JAACAP Connect
September 1, 2017
Florence Levy
The advent of sophisticated brain mapping techniques (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], functional MRI [fMRI]) has given rise to the accidental discovery of a “default mode network” (DMN) in the brain, which is activated when individuals at rest are left undisturbed to think to themselves.1 The activity associated with engagement of the DMN has been described as “mind-wandering,” and has...
Neuroscience
August 24, 2017
Zhiyi Chen, Yiqun Guo, Tingyong Feng
Resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) is frequently used as a powerful technology to detect individual differences in many cognitive functions. Recently, some studies have explored the association between scale-free dynamic properties of resting-state brain activation and individual personality traits. However, little is known about whether the scale-free dynamics of...
The Journal of Headache and Pain
August 23, 2017
F. Hsiao, Shuu-Jiun Wang, Yung-Yang Lin et al.
BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) is a disabling chronic pain syndrome with unknown pathophysiology. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies on FM have suggested altered brain connectivity between the insula and the default mode network (DMN). However, this connectivity change has not been characterized through direct neural signals for exploring the embedded spectrotemporal features and the...
International Journal of Neuroscience
August 2017
Fangfang Xie, Wu Xing, Xiaoyi Wang et al.
A disturbance in the level of consciousness is a classical clinical sign of several seizure types. Recent studies have shown that altered states of consciousness in seizures are associated with structural and functional changes of several brain regions. Prominent among these are the thalamus, the brain stem and the default mode network, which is part of the consciousness system. Our study used...
Social Neuroscience
July 4, 2017
Stephen D. Smith, Beverley Katherine Fredborg, J. Kornelsen
ABSTRACT Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a perceptual condition in which specific visual and auditory stimuli consistently trigger tingling sensations on the scalp and neck, sometimes spreading to the back and limbs. These triggering stimuli are often social, almost intimate, in nature (e.g., hearing whispering, or watching someone brush her hair), and often elicit a calm and...
Human Brain Mapping
July 1, 2017
Karolina Finc, Kamil Bonna, Monika Lewandowska et al.
Network neuroscience provides tools that can easily be used to verify main assumptions of the global workspace theory (GWT), such as the existence of highly segregated information processing during effortless tasks performance, engagement of multiple distributed networks during effortful tasks and the critical role of long-range connections in workspace formation. A number of studies support...
Frontiers in Neurology
May 19, 2017
Ya Wang, Yong-Xin Li, Huirong Wang et al.
Infantile spasms (IS) syndrome is an age-dependent epileptic encephalopathy, which occurs in children characterized by spasms, impaired consciousness, and hypsarrhythmia. Abnormalities in default mode network (DMN) might contribute to the loss of consciousness during seizures and cognitive deficits in children with IS. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in DMN with...
Brain
May 1, 2017
X. Geng, Yuzheng Hu, H. Gu et al.
While chronic cocaine use is associated with abnormalities in both brain structure and function within and interactions between regions, previous studies have been limited to interrogating structure and function independently, and the detected neural differences have not been applied to independent samples to assess the clinical relevance of results. We investigated consequences of structural...
Scientific Reports
April 6, 2017
Pan Lin, Yong Yang, Junfeng Gao et al.
75 citations
The default mode network (DMN) is a complex dynamic network that is critical for understanding cognitive function. However, whether dynamic topological reconfiguration of the DMN occurs across different brain states, and whether this potential reorganization is associated with prior learning or experience is unclear. To better understand the temporally changing topology of the DMN, we...
Scientific Reports
March 27, 2017
Cassandra D. Gould van Praag, Sarah N. Garfinkel, Oliver Sparasci et al.
Naturalistic environments have been demonstrated to promote relaxation and wellbeing. We assess opposing theoretical accounts for these effects through investigation of autonomic arousal and alterations of activation and functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) of the brain while participants listened to sounds from artificial and natural environments. We found no evidence...
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
March 21, 2017
Giulia Poerio, Mladen Sormaz, Hao-ting Wang et al.
185 citations
Experiences such as mind-wandering illustrate that cognition is not always tethered to events in the here-and-now. Although converging evidence emphasises the default mode network (DMN) in mind-wandering, its precise contribution remains unclear. The DMN comprises cortical regions that are maximally distant from primary sensory and motor cortex, a topological location that may support the...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
March 14, 2017
Georg Northoff, Paola Magioncalda, Matteo Martino et al.
95 citations
Time is an essential feature in bipolar disorder (BP). Manic and depressed BP patients perceive the speed of time as either too fast or too slow. The present article combines theoretical and empirical approaches to integrate phenomenological, psychological, and neuroscientific accounts of abnormal time perception in BP. Phenomenology distinguishes between perception of inner time, ie,...