Network Neuroscience
December 23, 2022
Gustavo Deco, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Laura De la Fuente et al.
43 citations
A promising idea in human cognitive neuroscience is that the default mode network (DMN) is responsible for coordinating the recruitment and scheduling of networks for computing and solving task-specific cognitive problems. This is supported by evidence showing that the physical and functional distance of DMN regions is maximally removed from sensorimotor regions containing environment-driven...
Neuropsychologia
December 15, 2022
Older adults make fewer utilitarian decisions than younger adults during sacrificial moral dilemmas, which are associated with age-related reductions in Default Mode Network resting-state functional connectivity. Decreases on tasks associated with fluid cognitive abilities, such as working memory capacity, are also associated with age-related Default Mode Network changes. Regions within this...
Journal of Psychopharmacology
November 26, 2022
Melissa Shukuroglou, Leor Roseman, David Nutt et al.
38 citations
Background: Music listening is a staple and valued component of psychedelic therapy, and previous work has shown that psychedelics can acutely enhance music-evoked emotion. Aims: The present study sought to examine subjective responses to music before and after psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression, while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data was acquired. Methods:...
Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
November 25, 2022
Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu, Noor B. Al-Sharif, Brandon Taraku et al.
27 citations
Major depressive disorder is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder. Despite an extensive range of treatment options, about a third of patients still struggle to respond to available therapies. In the last 20 years, ketamine has gained considerable attention in the psychiatric field as a promising treatment of depression, particularly in patients who are treatment resistant or at high risk for...
Nature Communications
November 14, 2022
Dian Lyu, Shruti Naik, David K. Menon et al.
Brain activity is intrinsically organised into spatiotemporal patterns, but it is still not clear whether these intrinsic patterns are functional or epiphenomenal. Using a simultaneous fMRI-EEG implementation of a well-known bistable visual task, we showed that the latent transient states in the intrinsic EEG oscillations can predict upcoming involuntarily perceptual transitions. The critical...
Cerebral Cortex
November 1, 2022
Menglu Chen, Ying He, Lei Hao et al.
Abstract The default mode network (DMN) is a workspace for convergence of internal and external information. The frontal parietal network (FPN) is indispensable to executive functioning. Yet, how they interplay to support cognitive development remains elusive. Using longitudinal developmental fMRI with an n-back paradigm, we show a heterogeneity of maturational changes in multivoxel activity...
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
October 21, 2022
James J Gattuso, Daniel Perkins, Simon Ruffell et al.
233 citations
Abstract Psychedelics are a unique class of drug that commonly produce vivid hallucinations as well as profound psychological and mystical experiences. A grouping of interconnected brain regions characterized by increased temporal coherence at rest have been termed the Default Mode Network (DMN). The DMN has been the focus of numerous studies assessing its role in self-referencing, mind...
Cerebral Cortex
October 20, 2022
Lanfang Liu, Hehui Li, Zhiting Ren et al.
Exhibiting deactivation and anticorrelation with task-positive networks, the default mode network (DMN) has been traditionally thought to be suppressed to support externally oriented cognitive processes during spoken language comprehension. In contrast, recent studies examining listener-listener intersubject correlation (ISC) have proposed an active role of DMN in language comprehension. How...
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
October 1, 2022
M. Salimi, Fahime Ayene, Tannaz Parsazadegan et al.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Default mode network (DMN) is a principal network that is more active at the baseline functional state of consciousness and spontaneous brain activity. Nasal breathing beyond the oxygen supply, entrained brain oscillations in widespread brain regions. Consistent with the important role of nasal breathing on neural oscillation for brain function, here we aimed to...
Brain Imaging and Behavior
October 1, 2022
Humans are reliant on their caregivers for an extended period of time, offering numerous opportunities for environmental factors, such as parental attitudes and behaviors, to impact brain development. The default mode network is a neural system encompassing the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and temporo-parietal junction, which is implicated in aspects of...
Pediatric blood & cancer
October 1, 2022
Aneesh Hehr, Allesandra Iadipaolo, Austin Morales et al.
Mounting evidence demonstrates that meditation can lower pain and emotional distress in adults, and more recently, in children. Children may benefit from meditation given its accessibility across a variety of settings (e.g., surgical preparation). Recent neuroimaging studies in adults suggest that meditation techniques are neurobiologically distinct from other forms of emotion regulation, such...
NeuroRegulation
September 29, 2022
Pankaj Pandey, Pragati Gupta, Krishna Prasad Miyapuram
10 citations
Research into the similarities and differences between various forms of meditation practice is still in its early stages. Here, utilizing functional connectivity and graph measures, we present our work examining three meditation traditions: Himalayan Yoga (HT), Isha Shoonya (SNY), and Vipassana (VIP). EEG activity of the meditative block is used to build functional brain connections to exploit...
BJPsych Open
September 23, 2022
Amy S Badura Brack, Marika Marklin, Christine M Embury et al.
Background: Trait dissociation has not been examined from a structural human brain mapping perspective in healthy adults or children. Non-pathological dissociation shares some features with daydreaming and mind-wandering, but also involves subtle disruptions in affect and autobiographical memory. Aims: To identify neurostructural biomarkers of trait dissociation in healthy children. Method:...
Frontiers in Neuroscience
September 21, 2022
Atsushi Tachibana, Yoko Ikoma, Yoshiyuki Hirano et al.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) evaluates brain activity using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast. Resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) examines spontaneous brain function using BOLD in the absence of a task, and the default mode network (DMN) has been identified from that. The DMN is a set of nodes within the brain that appear to be active and in communication when the...
medRxiv
September 9, 2022
Devon Stoliker, Leonardo Novelli, Franz X. Vollenweider et al.
4 citations
preprint
Abstract Classic psychedelics alter sense of self and patterns of self-related thought. These changes are hypothesised to underlie their therapeutic efficacy across internalising pathologies such as addiction and depression. Using resting-state functional MRI images from a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 24 healthy adults under 0.215mg/kg psilocybin, we...
Frontiers in Neuroimaging
September 7, 2022
Donglin Wang, Qiang Wu, Don Hong
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-based study of functional connections in the brain has been highlighted by numerous human and animal studies recently, which have provided significant information to explain a wide range of pathological conditions and behavioral characteristics. In this paper, we propose the use of a graph neural network, a deep learning technique called graphSAGE,...
International Journal of Yoga
September 1, 2022
Mrithunjay Rathore, Meghnath Verma, Mohit Nirwan et al.
28 citations
Meditation is a practice of concentration and relaxation. In philosophical terms, it is a process of gaining self-consciousness. Although there is diversity in meditation (Mindfulness, compassion, transcendental, and focused attention meditation), interventions show that meditation practices improve prefrontal cortex (PFC) functions like cognition, self-awareness, attention, and memory and...
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
September 1, 2022
Jeremy I Skipper
Most research on the neurobiology of language ignores consciousness and vice versa. Here, language, with an emphasis on inner speech, is hypothesised to generate and sustain self-awareness, i.e., higher-order consciousness. Converging evidence supporting this hypothesis is reviewed. To account for these findings, a 'HOLISTIC' model of neurobiology of language, inner speech, and consciousness is...
Psychological Medicine
September 1, 2022
Benjamin Wade, Joana R Loureiro, Ashish K Sahib et al.
18 citations
Ketamine is a rapidly-acting antidepressant treatment with robust response rates. Previous studies have reported that serial ketamine therapy modulates resting state functional connectivity in several large-scale networks, though it remains unknown whether variations in brain structure, function, and connectivity impact subsequent treatment success. We used a data-driven approach to determine...
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
August 25, 2022
Jiahe Zhang, Jovicarole Raya, Francesca Morfini et al.
4 citations
preprint
ABSTRACT Adolescents experience alarmingly high rates of major depressive disorder (MDD), however, gold-standard treatments are only effective for ~50% of youth. Accordingly, there is a critical need to develop novel interventions, particularly ones that target neural mechanisms believed to potentiate depressive symptoms. Directly addressing this gap, we developed a mindfulness-based fMRI...