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BJPsych Open

ISSN 2056-4724

52 papers in the library · 409 citations · publishing 2016-2026

Papers

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Sustained mood improvement with laughing gas exposure (SMILE): a randomised, placebo-controlled pilot trial of nitrous oxide for treatment-resistant depression: commentary, Kalmar et al

BJPsych Open July 1, 2026 Alain F. Kalmar, Pascal Sienaert, Filip Bouckaert et al.

Summary Nitrous oxide is being investigated as a treatment for therapy-resistant depression, yet its environmental implications as a potent greenhouse gas are largely unaddressed. A single 1 h treatment generates ∼150 kg CO 2 -equivalents, rising to ∼7.8 t per patient-year, highlighting the need to incorporate environmental externalities into evaluation.

Psychedelics, the media portrayal and large-language model evaluations

BJPsych Open June 18, 2026 Catherine L. Clelland

Psychedelics were used for centuries in healing and spiritual rituals, long before the mid-20th century when they became subjects of biomedical research. Although initial trials generated optimism, these were quickly overshadowed by sensationalist media coverage and political backlash. Following decades of inactivity, research on compounds including 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has...

From Altered States to Altered Trajectories and From Molecules to Meaning: A Network Meta Analysis Mapping Comparative Efficacy of Psychedelic Assisted Therapies in Modern Psychiatry

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Gaurav Uppal, Naima Gul, Asha Dhandapani et al.

Aims: Recently the therapies that utilize psychedelics have emerged as promising treatments for mood disorders, trauma-related disorders, and substance use disorders. While there is a growing body of research comparing various interventions directly, the majority of available research has been conducted in an indirect manner; therefore, Network Meta-Analysis (NMA), a statistical method for...

Psychedelic-Informed Approaches in Forensic Psychiatry: A Systematic Review of Therapeutic Promise, Risk, and Feasibility Within UK Services

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Sunandan Banerjee

Aims: To systematically review the literature on psychedelic-related mechanisms relevant to forensic psychiatry, examining potential therapeutic benefits linked to reduction in crime-related behaviour, associated clinical and legal risks, and the practical considerations required were such approaches ever to be explored within UK forensic mental health services. Methods: A systematic literature...

Effectiveness of IV Ketamine Therapy in the Management of Treatment Resistant Depression

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Imtiaz Ahmad Dogar, Palvisha Sajid, Dua Fatima et al.

Aims: In the light of limited relevant local literature, we planned our research to build a scientific database related to the immediate and sustained effects of this innovative treatment modality at our tertiary care hospital, in order to start ketamine clinic in our department . We didn’t find any research in Faisalabad, Pakistan on the subject, ensuring a more in depth understanding of the...

Inducing Psychedelic-Like States Through Brain Stimulation: A Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Psychotherapeutic Implications

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Sunandan Banerjee

Aims: To examine whether psychedelic-like states of consciousness can be induced through brain stimulation techniques, evaluate their potential advantages over pharmacological psychedelics, and explore how stimulation-assisted psychotherapy may offer a clinically viable model for mental health treatment. Methods: A structured narrative review was conducted using PubMed and PsycINFO,examining...

Electroconvulsive Therapy Versus Ketamine for Major Depressive Episode

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 James Finlay

Aims: To review and compare the safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness and remission rates of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) versus ketamine in patients with major depressive episodes. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was undertaken, focusing on randomised and non-randomised clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses comparing ketamine and ECT in adults with major...

A Case of Dissociative Fugue Following Acute Psychosocial Stress in a Previously High-Functioning Adult

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Gayathri Rangith

Aims: Dissociative fugue is a rare dissociative disorder characterised by sudden, reversible loss of autobiographical memory, identity disturbance, and purposeful wandering, often precipitated by acute psychological stress. Due to its infrequency and overlapping presentation with psychosis, delirium, and substance-induced amnesia, dissociative fugue is frequently misdiagnosed. We present a case...

Ketamine: Navigating Risk and Benefit. the Margaret Slack Travelling Fellowship

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Rebecca Mcknight, Shanthi Sarma

Aims: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is common and associated with substantial disability and economic burden. It is estimated to affect over 100 million people worldwide and approximately 2.7 million people in the United Kingdom. Ketamine has emerged as a novel therapy for TRD, with studies demonstrating rapid antidepressant effects. However, ketamine is also used recreationally and can...

Functional Vitamin B12 Deficiency Induced by Nitrous Oxide: Case Report of Acute Psychosis and Severe Neuropathy

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Rishabh Bajaj, Ajay Baskaran, Asma Javed

Aims: Recreational nitrous oxide use is increasing and widely seen as low risk, but chronic exposure can inactivate vitamin B12, causing deficiency even with normal serum levels. This may lead to psychiatric, neurological, and haematological symptoms, complicating diagnosis for mental health professionals. Methods: A middle-aged man with no psychiatric history, was brought to the hospital due...

How to Fix a Bad Trip? Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder Treatment in Review

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Aleeha Batool, Chaitanya Morey

Aims: Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder (HPPD) is characterised by a recurrence of hallucinogen-induced perceptual symptoms after the cessation of hallucinogen use, leading to clinically significant impairment in functioning. It remains difficult to diagnose due to multiple comorbid diagnoses and poor understanding in psychiatry. For these reasons documented incidence also remains...

Trial of Subcutaneous Ketamine for Psychotic Depression in an Older Adult With Comorbid Physical Illness: A Case Report

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Roshan Ganeshan, Tharun Zacharia

Aims: Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist used for anaesthesia and analgesia, with increasing interest in its rapid antidepressant effects. This case evaluates the feasibility, tolerability and clinical response to subcutaneous ketamine in a medically frail older adult with psychotic depression, hypothesising that ketamine would rapidly improve engagement and...

Improving Staff Wellbeing in a Community Mental Health Team: A Six-Week Mindfulness-Based Quality Improvement Project

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 H. Kay, Emmalene Fish

Aims: Staff working in community mental health teams (CMHTs) experience high levels of occupational stress and burnout, which can impact wellbeing, staff retention, and quality of patient care. Mindfulness-based approaches have demonstrated benefit for stress reduction, but their implementation within routine psychiatric services for NHS staff remains limited. Aims were to improve wellbeing and...

Ketamine Dependence: Clinical Characteristics of an Inpatient Detoxification Population With Complex Physical Health Needs

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Sarah Shackleton, Onuswale Oni, Stephen Kaar

Aims: Recreational ketamine use and treatment-seeking for associated complications is increasing in England. Complications of ketamine dependence can be debilitating, leading to continued dependence and surgical intervention. However, treatment remains under-researched, with lacking understanding of those seeking treatment or requiring specialist inpatient detoxification. This study aims to...

A Ward-Based Mindfulness in Nature Group, as an Intervention to Reduce Stress for Patients and Staff on the Mother and Baby Unit

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Kate Preston, Karl Scheeres

Aims: A literature review search ran in April 2025 over five databases (Cinahl, Emcare, Medline, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo) showed there is substantial high-level evidence supporting the use of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for perinatal depression and anxiety. Nature exposure has been shown to have protective effects on mental health among both general adults and perinatal...

A Thematic Analysis Service Evaluation of the 'Mind, Body Connection' (Yoga, Meditation and Mindfulness Course) Within a Borderline Personality Disorder Therapeutic Community.

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Isabella Walker, Simon Graham, Samuel Button

Aims: Mindfulness, Meditation and Yoga have an evidence base for improving emotional regulation – with little research looking at the impact on a Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) cohort. We investigated whether a supplementary session programme could improve emotional regulation and thus symptomatology in BPD service users. Our initial objective is to identify whether there is an evidence...

A Case of Dissociative Identity Disorder in CAMHS: At the Intersection of Neurodivergence, Trauma, and Culture

BJPsych Open June 1, 2026 Jiaying Chen

Aims: Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is characterised by the existence of two or more distinct identities within an individual, affecting their consciousness, behaviour, and memory. Accounting for only 1% of the psychiatric population, it is a rare and often controversial diagnosis. This case report describes the diagnosis of DID in a neurodivergent adolescent from an ethnic minority...

Ketamine addiction following a single sub-anaesthetic ketamine treatment for acute suicidality in a psychiatrically multimorbid patient: case report

BJPsych Open May 1, 2026 Gijsbrecht H. J. Roelandt, Jurriaan F. M. Strous, Jeanine Kamphuis et al.

Summary This case report presents the case of a 25-year-old woman who developed ketamine addiction following a single sub-anaesthetic dose of intranasal ketamine in a pilot study investigating intranasal racemic ketamine for acute suicidality. She had a history of depression, obsessive–compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder and anorexia nervosa, and she had sporadically used alcohol and...

Microdosing psilocybin for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a phase II double-blind placebo-controlled randomised partial crossover trial

BJPsych Open February 16, 2026 Zeina Beidas, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Adam Blackman et al. 1 citation

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting roughly 322 million people. Recently, doses of psilocybin have shown promise in treating mood disorders, sparking interest in other dosing practices. According to anecdotal reports and observational studies, microdosing psilocybin yields benefits to mental health; however, rigorously controlled...

Trends in the psychedelic renaissance: applying artificial intelligence to measure media portrayal of psychedelic drugs in the 21st century

BJPsych Open February 12, 2026 David A Bender, Holly Dunn, Amanda Pekau et al. 1 citation

Background The relationship between media portrayal of psychedelic drugs, scientific research and drug policy is an area of debate. Aims To apply artificial intelligence technology to measure trends in media sentiment towards the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs. Method Up to 300 of the most relevant articles from Google News searches for the term ‘psychedelics’ were sampled for each...

Long-term effectiveness and side-effects of intranasal esketamine in treatment-resistant depression: real-world, single-arm study of over 100 sessions.

BJPsych Open January 23, 2026 Nawfel Ayad, Karim Abdel Aziz, Samer Makhoul et al. 2 citations

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) poses a significant clinical challenge, with limited evidence guiding long-term pharmacological strategies. Esketamine, a glutamatergic modulator, has demonstrated short-term efficacy in TRD, but data on its extended use in real-world settings remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and side-effects of intranasal esketamine...

Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant obsessive–compulsive disorder: protocol for an open-label pilot study

BJPsych Open December 15, 2025 Nicole Ledwos, Jenna Baer, Muhammad Ishrat Husain et al. 2 citations

Background Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental disorder commonly treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, atypical antipsychotic augmentation and cognitive–behavioural therapy. However, up to 60% of people with OCD do not respond to these treatments. Therefore, a novel intervention, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), is an option of interest....

Reporting of side-effects in clinical trials of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric conditions: systematic review

BJPsych Open November 1, 2025 Jonathon Marinis, Sarah Clarke, Alexandre A. Guerin et al. 2 citations

Background Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has gained attention as a promising intervention for conditions including depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, but understanding of its side-effects is limited. This review evaluates the quality of side-effects reporting in PAP trials, to guide treatment, policy and research. Aims To assess side-effects reporting quality in...

Ketamine for treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder: double-blind active-controlled randomised crossover study

BJPsych Open October 1, 2025 Ben Beaglehole, Paul Glue, Shona Neehoff et al. 5 citations

We provide preliminary support for the efficacy and tolerability of i.m. ketamine in a community sample of individuals with PTSD. Further work is required to establish the optimal dosing regimen and longer-term role of ketamine in treatment of PTSD, but our findings are encouraging given the well-known of treatments in this area.