This chapter returns to depression to examine rumination in light of the capacity to be inwardly silent. Rumination is typically defined as repetitive and persistent negative thinking, yet its experiential structure has received limited phenomenological attention. Building on the framework developed earlier in the book, the chapter argues that many cases of rumination involve a disruption in...
Mindfulness-based approaches show promise for reducing tic severity, yet little is known about their effect on comorbid symptoms. The objective was to evaluate secondary outcomes from a pilot randomized controlled trial comparing mindfulness-based intervention for tics (MBIT) with psychoeducation, relaxation, and supportive therapy (PRST). Twenty-eight adults with Tourette's syndrome or...
Ketamine and its enantiomer esketamine are efficacious in 30-35% of the patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Increased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) following treatment has been proposed as a potential biomarker of antidepressant response. This is based on studies evaluating single intravenous ketamine treatment. BDNF expression at different treatment schedules...
JMIR Mental HealthJuly 15, 2026Xichun Wu, Jackelyn De Alwis, Zenan Dou et al.
Background: Mobile mindfulness interventions have shown promise for reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms, but sustaining engagement remains a persistent challenge. Many digital programs still rely on formal practice that requires dedicated time, which may be difficult to integrate into daily life. Objective: This randomized controlled trial evaluated Habitual Mindfulness Practice (HMP), a...
OBJECTIVE: To establish consensus recommendations for initiating dextromethorphan-bupropion extended release (45 mg/105 mg) (AUVELITY) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. METHODS: = 10) with clinical experience treating MDD participated in a 3-stage modified Delphi panel procedure. An initial literature review was performed to assist in the development of draft...
Abstract This randomized controlled trial examined whether mindfulness-based exposure and response prevention (MB-EX/RP) improves outcomes for adults with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder (M, addressing cognitive rigidity and emotion dysregulation that can limit standard exposure and response prevention. Fifty-four participants were assigned to MB-EX/RP...
Medycyna PaliatywnaJuly 15, 2026Maciej Sulerzycki, Katarzyna Pomykała, Katarzyna Giemza et al.
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the therapeutic use of psychedelics. In palliative medicine, they are being considered as an alternative approach to treating depression, existential distress, and chronic pain conditions. This review presents current literature on the use of psychedelic substances such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide,...
The question of whether the striking antidepressant effects of psilocybin reported in randomised trials can be reproduced in everyday care remains largely unanswered. This is because those trials enrol highly selected patients, withdraw concomitant medication and deliver treatment under tightly standardised protocols. In this issue, Jungwirth et al. provide one of the first responses from...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with a significant portion of patients experiencing treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Ketamine, a rapid-acting antidepressant, has shown promise in alleviating symptoms of TRD and suicidality, but variability in treatment response remains a challenge. Identifying neuroimaging biomarkers that predict responsiveness...
The introduction of ketamine and its S-enantiomer, esketamine, has been one of the most consequential advances in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in recent decades, demonstrating that rapid and clinically meaningful antidepressant effects can occur within hours, even in patients who have not responded to conventional treatments.However, this advance has not resolved the clinical problem of...
Background: Cannabis use among adolescents with depression is prevalent. Dysfunction of the reward system has been implicated in each condition separately, yet rarely examined together. Here, we investigated resting-state properties of reward networks in an adolescent sample with diverse internalizing psychopathology and cannabis use patterns. Methods: Clinicians interviewed adolescents and...
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) was developed for relapse prevention in people with remitted depression but is increasingly used for those with difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). A key question regarding this broader application is whether ongoing depressive symptoms constrain therapeutic responsiveness or disrupt MBCT's proposed mechanism, decentering. We explored whether baseline...
In acute trials of intravenous and intranasal ketamine/esketamine, the rapid anti-suicidal effect appears to be at least partly independent of the overall antidepressant response. That question has, to our knowledge, never been examined in a real-world esketamine cohort followed for six months, nor in a sample enriched for comorbid borderline personality disorder (BPD), a population excluded...
Bipolar II disorder (BD-II) is characterised by hypomanic and depressive episodes with the latter tending to dominate the clinical course of the disorder, and they are often associated with suicidality. Despite available guideline-based recommendations for first-line pharmacological treatments, patient outcomes remain suboptimal, especially for those with chronic depression and suicidal...
The occupancy-driven pharmacology model in psychopharmacology has guided drug discovery and development for decades, whereby the goal is stable receptor occupancy over an extended period with a direct relationship of drug exposure to pharmacodynamic and therapeutic response. Event-driven pharmacology (EDP) is a concept where the acute pharmacodynamic actions of a plastogen, a transient binding...
Abstract Background Research on psilocybin's antidepressant effects has been investigated rigorously over the last 20 years. Psilocybin has been used in both major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment resistant depression (TRD) cohort with promising results. Aims The aim of this review was to summarize the reporting practices used in psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) trials for MDD and TRD....
Australia became the first country to establish a national regulatory pathway permitting authorised psychiatrists to prescribe 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) through the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) Authorised Prescriber Scheme. Two and a half years after implementation,...
Psilocybin, a prominent psychedelic, recently emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for psychiatric disorders, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving its effects remain poorly understood. To address these knowledge gaps, we focused on the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a forebrain region that regulates reward, motivation, and emotion. Systemic administration of psilocybin (3 mg/kg)...
Using serum samples collected from the PsiDeR trial—a randomised, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled study of a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin for treatment‑resistant depression (protocol: BMJ Open 2021;11:e056091)—we will investigate whether inflammatory marker trajectories and baseline inflammatory status are associated with antidepressant response at week 3 (endpoint). The inflammatory...
Research SquareJuly 9, 2026Samuel Westenhöfer, Yamina Ehrt, Barbora Provaznikova et al.
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Abstract Background : Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is associated with substantial clinical and socioeconomic burden. Intranasal esketamine has shown efficacy for TRD in clinical trials and real-world studies. However, evidence on optimal maintenance scheduling is limited. We therefore investigated whether two maintenance schedules differing in their inter-dose intervals were associated...