Stress and Health
December 24, 2019
Landrew S Sevel, Micheal T M Finn, Rachel M Smith et al.
The current investigation sought to clarify mechanisms of treatment effects in mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Self-compassion and mindful awareness were assessed first as dispositional influences and then as mediators of outcome in unique models. One hundred thirty individuals participating in the 8-week MBSR intervention were recruited (73.08% female, mean age = 46.97, SD = 14.07)....
Current Psychopharmacology
December 13, 2019
Rashmi S. Pal, Nikita Saraswat, Pranay Wal et al.
Background: Depression is the neuropsychiatric disorder that can lead to the disruption of brain nerves by elevating different mechanisms and neurotransmitters such as serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine. It can have a series of episodic events that can cross one episodic depression to another and manifest various symptoms such as agitation, melancholia, deep sadness, psychomotor retardation,...
European Journal of Neuroscience
December 6, 2019
Ronald S. Duman, Satoshi Deyama, Manoela V. Fogaça
319 citations
The pathophysiology and treatment of depression have been the focus of intense research and while there is much that remains unknown, modern neurobiological approaches are making progress. This work demonstrates that stress and depression are associated with atrophy of neurons and reduced synaptic connectivity in brain regions such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex that contribute to...
Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy
December 5, 2019
Nicholas Barr, Jordan P Davis, Graham Diguiseppi et al.
Objective: Two of the most common and costly mental health diagnoses among military veterans who served in the post-9/11 conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq are posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, but over half of veterans who screen positive for these problems do not seek treatment. A key barrier is self-stigma of mental illness. Mindfulness has shown promise as an explanatory...
Behavioral Sciences
December 3, 2019
Marina Nekić, Severina Mamić
Bearing in mind the characteristics of an academic setting, as well as the developmental tasks young people inevitably face, there is a need to identify and study the factors that play an important role in the development and maintenance of psychological distress among college students. One factor that has emerged as crucial for the development of both anxiety and depression is the intolerance...
JMIR Research Protocols
December 2, 2019
Muhammad Abid Azam, Vered Valeria Latman, Joel Katz
Mindfulness meditation (MM) is a commonly used psychological intervention for pain, mood, and anxiety conditions, but can be challenging to practice with severe symptoms without proper training. The Mindfulness Meditation app (MMA) is a supportive training tool specifically developed for this study to aid in the practice of mindful breathing using a smartphone. This study aims to evaluate the...
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update
December 1, 2019
Six weeks of D‐cycloserine treatment for patients with depression who had responded to doses of ketamine did not improve depressive symptoms compared with placebo, a study has found. D‐cycloserine was found to maintain the anti‐suicidal effects of ketamine, however.
Journal of Affective Disorders
December 1, 2019
Mu-Hong Chen, Wei-Chen Lin, Pei-Chi Tu et al.
Increasing evidence suggests that infusion of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine exerts antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this investigation, we used the resting functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) to determine the effects of ketamine on the functional connectivity (FC) of prefrontal cortex (PFC)-related...
Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications
December 1, 2019
Brittany O'Brien, Charles E. Green, Rayan K. Al Jurdi et al.
10 citations
More than eleven million U.S. Veterans are at least 65 years of age, an age group of which almost 20% suffers from clinically significant depressive symptoms. Available pharmacological treatments are suboptimal for patients, including veterans, with late-life depression. Ketamine has emerged as a potentially promising rapid-acting therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, few...
BMC Psychiatry
November 29, 2019
Sanne Y Smith-Apeldoorn, Jolien K E Veraart, Jeanine Kamphuis et al.
There is an urgent need to develop additional treatment strategies for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The rapid but short-lived antidepressant effects of intravenous (IV) ketamine as a racemic mixture have been shown repeatedly in this population, but there is still a paucity of data on the efficacy and safety of (a) different routes of administration, and (b) ketamine's...
Trials
November 28, 2019
Olga Sacristan-Martin, Miguel Á Santed, Javier García-campayo et al.
Background: Pregnancy and the postpartum period are times of great change for women and their partners, often bringing substantial challenges and stress. Approximately 10%-20% of women suffer from mood disorders such as depression in the perinatal period. There are risks involved in using psychopharmacological interventions to treat perinatal depression. Mindfulness and compassion-based...
International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases
November 27, 2019
Michelle Park, Yuan Zhang, Lori Lyn Price et al.
Aim: Previous studies suggest higher mindfulness may be associated with better sleep quality in people with chronic pain conditions. However, the relationship between mindfulness and sleep in fibromyalgia patients, who commonly suffer from sleep problems, remains unstudied. We examined the relationship between mindfulness and sleep, and how this relationship may be mediated by depression,...
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
November 22, 2019
Sally Meikle, Paul Liknaitzky, Susan L. Rossell et al.
19 citations
In the quest for new treatment options for depression, attention is being paid to the potential role of psychedelic drugs. Psilocybin is of particular interest given its mechanism of action, its benefits in early trials and its relatively low side effects burden. This viewpoint outlines a number of key issues that remain to be elucidated about its potential use in the clinical environment,...
Journal of Affective Disorders
November 14, 2019
Fernanda S. Correia-Melo, Gustavo C. Leal, Flávia Vieira et al.
188 citations
BACKGROUND Ketamine and its enantiomers have recently been highlighted as one of the most effective therapeutic options in refractory depression. However, racemic ketamine and esketamine have not been directly compared. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of esketamine compared to ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). METHODS This is a...
November 2, 2019
The algorithm for depressed inpatients with melancholia starts with considering whether there is an urgent indication for ECT. Imminent risk of suicide, catatonia, inadequate oral intake, and a past history of good response to ECT may be indications for ECT. Remission rates of 75% have been reported with ECT. If the patient has these indications but refuses or is intolerant of ECT, consider an...
The Brown University Child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology Update
November 1, 2019
The recent approval of esketamine (Spravato) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has raised many questions for psychiatrists who treat major depression, and even bigger questions for child psychiatrists. It's not approved for pediatric use by the FDA, but that doesn't mean it can't be prescribed off‐label.
International Journal of Yoga Therapy
November 1, 2019
Helané Wahbeh, Nina Fry
Abstract Preliminary positive evidence supports the use of iRest (Integrative Restoration) in older adults with depression symptoms. No long-term follow-up measures have been reported on whether the preliminary effects continue beyond initial iRest trainings. The growing population of older adults with depression symptoms is a serious public health issue, and effective interventions to support...
International Journal of Yoga Therapy
November 1, 2019
Helané Wahbeh, Melissa Nelson
Abstract Older adults, a rapidly growing population in the United States, have fewer physiological reserves and are more likely to be affected by stress, making them especially susceptible to depression symptoms. Meditation offers promising potential as an effective treatment; however, few studies have evaluated meditation interventions for this demographic. The objectives of this pilot study...
Psycho-Oncology
November 1, 2019
E. Nissen, M. O'Connor, Viktor Kaldo et al.
Internet‐delivered interventions may alleviate distress in cancer survivors with limited access to psychological face‐to‐face treatment. In collaboration with a group of cancer survivors, we developed and tested the efficacy of a therapist‐assisted internet‐delivered mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (iMBCT) program for anxiety and depression in cancer survivors.
Psychiatry Research
November 1, 2019
Jun Dong, S. Min, H. Qiu et al.
26 citations
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intermittent low-dose ketamine on improving the efficacy of ECT. Patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (n = 134) were randomized into 3 groups: routine ECT group (group E, n = 45); repeated ketamine-assisted ECT group (group RK, n = 43), and intermittent ketamine-assisted ECT group (group IK, n = 46). Patients in group...