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Research Square

ISSN 2693-5015

301 papers in the library · 141 citations · publishing 2020-2026

Papers

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Esketamine's Therapeutic Effect on Anhedonia: A Post-hoc of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Research Square July 20, 2026 Qianqian Wu, Weicheng Li, Zhanjie Luo et al. preprint

Abstract Background: Anhedonia, a prominent symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), severely impairs patients' quality of life and is challenging to treat. Although esketamine has shown potential in treating anhedonia in adult treatment-resistant MDD, its effects on adolescents remain under-explored. Methods: In this study, a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was...

A randomized controlled trial evaluating school-based mindfulness training on internalizing problems in Chinese rural left-behind children: Exploring the potential mechanism of intervention effects

Research Square July 14, 2026 Xianhua Liu, Jie Liu, Shucheng Li et al. preprint

Abstract This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a school‑based mindfulness training program on internalizing problems among Chinese rural left‑behind children (RLBC) and to explore potential underlying mechanisms. A total of 102 RLBC (age = 12.86 ± 0.56) in the experimental group received a 10‑week school‑based mindfulness intervention, while 109 RLBC ( age =...

Developing a School-based Mindfulness Intervention for Delivery in Rwanda and Ethiopia: Cultural Adaptation through Knotworking

Research Square July 13, 2026 Rachel Shanks, Stephanie Thomson, Charlaine Simpson et al. preprint

Abstract Objectives This paper reports on the development of a culturally adapted, school-based mindfulness intervention (SBMI) for delivery in schools in Rwanda and Ethiopia as part of an interdisciplinary applied health research project on child and adolescent mental wellbeing. Against a backdrop of rising global concern about child and adolescent mental health and limited evidence-based...

A Dynamical Systems Framework for Mapping Consciousness Models to Neuroelectromagnetic Field Dynamics

Research Square July 10, 2026 William Bosl preprint

Abstract Contemporary consciousness science lacks a shared mathematical language for comparing theories that propose different relationships among biophysical processes, neuroelectric field dynamics, cognition, and subjective experience. Motivated by the problem of how experience relates to physical processes, we introduce a multidimensional framework in which conscious states are represented...

Esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: Comparing two maintenance schedules in an observational real-world study

Research Square July 9, 2026 Samuel Westenhöfer, Yamina Ehrt, Barbora Provaznikova et al. preprint

Abstract Background : Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is associated with substantial clinical and socioeconomic burden. Intranasal esketamine has shown efficacy for TRD in clinical trials and real-world studies. However, evidence on optimal maintenance scheduling is limited. We therefore investigated whether two maintenance schedules differing in their inter-dose intervals were associated...

How Psychological Change Unfolds During Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study of Daily Processes in Depression

Research Square July 8, 2026 Jan Wardęszkiewicz, Paweł Holas, Magdalena Budziszewska preprint

Abstract Background: Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) offers a scalable approach to treating depression, yet high attrition and sustained engagement remain persistent challenges, particularly for individuals with active symptoms. This convergent mixed-methods study aimed to explore how individuals with current depressive symptoms experience and navigate digital mindfulness...

The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training Given to Young Girls Experiencing Fear of Childbirth on Fear of Childbirth, Coping Strategies with Stress, and State Anxiety Levels

Research Square July 8, 2026 Hacer Unver Koca, Fadi̇me Bi̇çer Şahi̇n, Zeynep Unver et al. preprint

Abstract Purpose This study was conducted to determine the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training given to young girls experiencing fear of childbirth on their fear of childbirth, coping strategies with stress, and state anxiety levels. Methods The research was completed with 116 students (58 experimental, 58 control group) who experienced fear of childbirth. Data were...

Ketamine harm reduction: Collaborative development of a prevention ecosystem using data from the northwest of England

Research Square July 7, 2026 Rabya Mughal, Elaine Ryan-McNeill, Barbara Mezes et al. preprint

Abstract Background Despite legitimate, evidence-based use in clinical settings, an increase in ketamine misuse has in recent years resulted in substantial adverse effects on young populations across the UK. Urological symptoms and psychological effects are among the most common side effects, often irreversible and taking place within months of regular ketamine use. The Northwest UK includes...

Default Mode Network Connectivity and Nocebo Responses in Migraine: A Functional MRI Study

Research Square July 7, 2026 Ioanna Spanou, Efstratios Karavasilis, Foteini Christidi et al. preprint

Abstract Background Migraine patients are prone to nocebo responses, that hinder treatment adherence. Identifying neurobiological markers of nocebo proneness could help predict and mitigate these adverse effects. Methods This prospective three-arm randomized explorative trial examined default mode network (DMN) connectivity changes during the interictal state and an anxiety-induced nocebo...

Classification of meditative phases through EEG analysis

Research Square July 7, 2026 Maurizio Palmieri, Alejandro Luis Callara, Enzo Pasquale Scilingo et al. preprint

Abstract Meditation has been associated with a range of psychological benefits. However, providing objective and subject-independent markers of distinct meditative phases remains challenging, especially when different meditation practices induce subtly different brain dynamics. This study investigates whether three meditative phases, namely Concentrative, Loving-Kindness, and Emptiness, can be...

Experiences of a Community-Based Mindfulness Program Among Bedouin-Arab Participants: A Reflexive Thematic Analysis

Research Square July 3, 2026 Ricardo Tarrasch, Fatme Kassem-Agbaria, Rani Assa Polansky preprint

Abstract Objectives Although mindfulness-based programs have been widely implemented across diverse populations, relatively little is known about how mindfulness is experienced within Arab and Muslim communities. The present study explored the experiences of Bedouin-Arab participants who completed a community-based mindfulness program, with particular attention to learning processes, perceived...

Sexual identity as a moderator of associations between lifetime MDMA/ecstasy or psilocybin use and mental health outcomes: An exploratory analysis of a nationally representative sample using NSDUH 2015–2019

Research Square July 2, 2026 Maya Seale preprint

Abstract Purpose Lifetime MDMA/ecstasy and psilocybin use have been associated with lower odds of psychological distress, suicidality, and depressive episodes, but these associations may vary by marginalized identity. Building on minorities' diminished psychedelic returns (MDPR) framework and extending Jones and Nock's race/ethnicity moderation work, this study tests whether sexual identity...

Cultivating inner access: Effects of a wheel of awareness–based mindfulness intervention on psychopathology and awareness of internal states

Research Square June 22, 2026 Limor Raviv, Ricardo Tarrasch, Reuven Dar preprint

Abstract Objectives: This study examined the effect of a mindfulness-based intervention based on the Wheel of Awareness practice on psychological distress and access to internal states, within the framework of the Seeking Proxies for Internal States (SPIS) model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The intervention aimed to enhance mindfulness skills, improve access to internal experiences,...

Effects of Brief Mindfulness Meditation on Brain Functional Network Connectivity During Emotion Regulation in College Students: A Task-Based fNIRS Study Using Graph Theory Analysis

Research Square June 22, 2026 Chenyu Zhao, Xiaobin Wang, Wenbo Hao et al. preprint

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effects of brief mindfulness meditation on emotion regulation and its underlying brain functional network mechanisms in college students using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), thereby providing neuroscientific evidence for mindfulness-based interventions targeting emotional health. Method A total of 59 college students were...

Sex-Specific Effects of Psilocybin Versus Escitalopram on Anxiety and Anhedonia: A Bayesian Reanalysis of Antidepressant Treatment Outcomes

Research Square June 19, 2026 Aline Frick, Grace Blest‐hopley, Manesh Grin et al. preprint

Abstract Rationale: Major depressive disorder (MDD) shows marked sex differences in prevalence, symptomatology, and treatment response. However, women remain underrepresented in many clinical trials, and sex-specific treatment outcomes are rarely examined. Objectives This study reanalyzed data from a randomized controlled trial comparing psilocybin and escitalopram for MDD to evaluate sex...

Indication-stratified mortality risk of ibogaine treatment under contemporary safety protocols: a multisite analysis of 19,071 patients and updated systematic review of fatalities

Research Square June 17, 2026 Martijn Arns, Kenneth Shinozuka, Joseph P Barsuglia preprint

Abstract Ibogaine has shown early therapeutic promise for substance use disorders (SUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder in veterans, but concerns about treatment-associated cardiac arrhythmia and death have constrained clinical development. Whether this risk is uniform across indications or concentrated in specific populations is unknown. We conducted a retrospective multisite study of...

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9966269/v1 (opens in new tab) Full text (opens in new tab) Opioid use disorder Detoxification alternative medicine Poison control Mortality rate +6

Resilient Responders: The Impact of a Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training on the Mental, Physical, and Social Health of Law Enforcement Officers

Research Square June 17, 2026 Tanya Dudinskaya, Miliaikeala Heen, Joel Lieberman et al. preprint

Abstract Objectives Law enforcement officers (LEOs) experience chronic occupational stressors linked to psychological and physiological challenges, with limited research on social health impacts. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of the pilot Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training for First Responders (MBRT-FR) on LEOs’ psychological, physiological, and social...

Burnout Symptom Outcomes During At-Home Ketamine-Assisted Therapy: A Real-World Retrospective Analysis of 395 Adults

Research Square June 16, 2026 Jack Swain, Davis Carter, Leonardo Vando et al. preprint

Abstract Background Occupational burnout, recognized in ICD-11 as an occupational phenomenon, is a syndrome of chronic workplace stress comprising emotional exhaustion, cynicism (the analogue of the depersonalization dimension on the MBI-Human Services Survey form), and reduced professional efficacy on the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Burnout is common among US working...

Distinct Longitudinal Within-Person Links of Mindfulness with Anxiety and Depression

Research Square June 15, 2026 Yuping Liu, Bingtao Zhou, Fengxu Qiang et al. preprint

Abstract Background Mindfulness is reliably associated with lower anxiety and depression, yet the longitudinal within-person dynamics and potential differences between these two forms of emotional distress remain largely unknown. Methods A total of 1,138 participants completed five waves of self-report assessments at two-week intervals. Mindfulness, anxiety, and depression were measured at each...

Mindfulness in Singapore Workplaces Demands Barriers and Facilitators for Mental Well Being

Research Square June 11, 2026 preprint

Abstract Introduction: Workplace stress is a growing public health concern in Singapore, and mental health disorders account for a substantial share of the national disease burden. Mindfulness-based interventions are increasingly proposed to support employee well-being, but demand and the barriers and facilitators to workplace implementation remain poorly characterized. Aim To assess perceived...

An Exploration of Heart Rate Response and Blood Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Levels to Commercially Available Cannabis Edibles by Dose

Research Square June 11, 2026 Sarah A Limbacher, Sarah Bird, Julia Wrobel et al. preprint

Abstract Introduction: Studies have shown that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) consumption can acutely increase heart rate (HR) regardless of the percent concentration of the product consumed, mode of consumption (e.g. flower, edibles, concentrate), and tolerance. Prior studies have found that the magnitude of this effect is slightly larger in inhaled products, however few purposeful studies on HR...

Developing and testing the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention for reducing loneliness in Hong Kong older adults: A hybrid sequential multiple assignment randomized trial, micro randomized trial experimental design study protocol

Research Square June 11, 2026 preprint

Abstract Background Loneliness is a growing public health concern among older adults, likewise in Hong Kong. Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in addressing loneliness, but often yield modest and short-lived effects. Digital delivery makes such interventions scalable but sustaining user engagement remains challenging. Adaptive interventions that integrate human support, mobile...

Intentions might matter in unexpected ways: A nuanced exploration of psychedelic intentions beyond their type

Research Square June 9, 2026 Iryana Mosina, David Luke preprint

Abstract Background . It is widely accepted that beyond the pharmacological predictors, individuals’ pre-drug mental disposition, including intentions , influences the psychedelic experience. However, is it not fully clear how intentions and outcomes relate. This study explores the intention qualities beyond classically assessed category and explicitness in association with outcomes. Methods ....

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9966224/v1 (opens in new tab) Full text (opens in new tab) Centrality Association psychology Realisation Emotional reaction +5