European Psychiatry
2020
Teresa Sánchez‐Gutiérrez, Belén Fernández‐Castilla, Sara Barbeito et al.
27 citations
BACKGROUND: The implications of cannabis use in the onset of early psychosis and the severity of psychotic symptoms have resulted in a proliferation of studies on this issue. However, few have examined the effects of cannabis use on the cognitive symptoms of psychosis (i.e., neurocognitive functioning) in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim...
Pharmacology
2020
Stefan Dhein
Cannabis abuse is a common phenomenon among adolescents. The dominant psychoactive substance in Cannabis sativa is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). However, in the past 40 years the content of the psychoactive ingredient THC in most of the preparations is not constant but has increased due to other breeding and culturing conditions. THC acts as the endocannabinoids at CB1 and CB2 receptors but...
British Journal of Pharmacology
2020
Jacques D. Nguyen, Kevin M Creehan, Tony M Kerr et al.
Adolescents are regularly exposed to ∆9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) via smoking and, more recently, vaping cannabis extracts. Growing legalization of cannabis for medical and recreational purposes, combined with decreasing perceptions of harm, makes it increasingly important to determine the consequences of frequent adolescent exposure for motivated behaviour and lasting tolerance in response...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
2020
Yasmin Schmid, Irene Scholz, Laura Mueller et al.
Concomitant use of cannabis and other psychoactive substances is common and it is often difficult to differentiate its acute effects from those of other substances. This study aimed to characterize the acute toxicity of cannabis with and without co-use of other substances. Retrospective analysis of cases presenting at the emergency departments of three large hospitals in Switzerland due to...
PLoS One
2020
Alexandre Seillier, Alex A Martinez, Andrea Giuffrida
Social withdrawal in the sub-chronic phencyclidine (PCP) rat model, a behavioral correlate of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, results from deficits in brain endocannabinoid transmission. As cannabis intake has been shown to affect negatively the course and expression of psychosis, we tested whether the beneficial effects of endocannabinoid-mediated CB1 activation on social withdrawal in...
Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
2020
Manoj K. Doss, Jessica Weafer, David A Gallo et al.
With the growing acceptance of cannabis use, it is crucial to understand the drug's effects on episodic memory accuracy and distortion. We investigated the impact of the administration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, on a context-based memory illusion. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects design, healthy infrequent cannabis...
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
2020
S S Rowton, B A Rocha, I E Porter
The assessment of the abuse potential of CNS-active drugs is a regulatory requirement. Drug discrimination is one of the nonclinical tests that contribute to this assessment by providing information on a drug's potential to induce a discriminative stimulus comparable to that of a known drug of abuse. The objective was to validate drug discrimination in the rat for the purpose of supporting...
International Journal of Psychiatry Research
2020
Pedro Mota, Pedro Macedo, Silvério Macedo
Background: Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been the most studied and debated cannabinoids present in cannabis. The last decade has shown a notable increase in literature regarding CBD, recognizing its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Although there is limited evidence regarding the use of CBD in psychiatric disorders’ treatment, studies so far available...
2020
Marco Colizzi, Sagnik Bhattacharyya
Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests an association between cannabis use and psychosis. However, some concerns have been raised about the nature of this association, particularly whether it might be driven by other factors such as use of other substances. Another explanation would bring into play preexisting differences among cannabis users and nonusers in terms of psychosis-related...
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
2020
A. Wright, C. Cather, J. Gilman et al.
The rapidly changing landscape of cannabis in terms of availability, potency, and routes of administration, as well as the decrease in risk perception and changing norms, have contributed to an increase in the popularity of cannabis. Cannabis use is associated with a poorer recovery from a psychotic disorder, increasing the risk of relapse, rehospitalization, and lower social functioning. Data...
American Journal of Plant Sciences
2020
Mohamed Ben Amar
3 citations
Abundant literature suggests the hypothesis that cannabis use leads to the onset of psychotic symptoms. However, the nature of the association and the causal link remain controversial. This review aims to identify the risk factors involved in the etiopathogenesis of psychosis or psychotic features. Our electronic search found 1653 studies published until March 1st 2020. Longitudinal studies and...
Schizophrenia Bulletin Open
2020
Musa Sami, Robert A. McCutcheon, Ulrich Ettinger et al.
Both chronic cannabis use and psychotic disorders are associated with abnormalities in visual attentional processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we sought to determine whether there would be a difference in functional connectivity in patients and controls with and without a history of cannabis use in the visual and dorsal attention networks. Resting-state fMRI data were...