Salud Mental
December 12, 2017
Carlos Roncero, Servicio de Psiquiatría Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (causa) Instituto de Biomedicina de Salamanca (ibsal) Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca España., Raul Felipe Palma-álvarez et al.
11 citations
Background. Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug in the world. Both an early cannabis use onset and the amount used contribute to the risk of suffering mental disorders in adulthood. Objective. Review longitudinal studies conducted on adolescents associating early cannabis use with the subsequent occurrence of mental disorders. Method. A search was conducted in PubMed until December...
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
December 2017
Carmen Walter, Bruno G Oertel, Lisa Felden et al.
Considering the increasing acknowledgment of the human sense of smell as a significant component of the quality of life, olfactory drug effects gain potential clinical importance. A recent observation in a human experimental context indicated that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) impaired the subject's performance in olfactory tests. To further analyze the role of THC in human olfaction, the...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
December 1, 2017
Amy T Nusbaum, Paul Whitney, Carrie Cuttler et al.
Cannabis use has increased rapidly in recent decades. The increase in cannabis use makes it important to understand the potential influence of chronic use on attentional control and other executive functions (EFs). Because cannabis is often used to reduce stress, and because stress can constrain attentional control and EFs, the primary goal of this study was to determine the joint effect of...
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
December 2017
C R Kasten, Y Zhang, S L Boehm
Use of exogenous cannabinoids disrupts the fine-tuned endocannabinoid receptor system, possibly leading to alterations in cognition, memory, and emotional processes that endure long after cannabinoid use has stopped. Long-term adolescent use may uniquely disrupt these behaviors when compared to adult use. The current study explored the acute and long-term behavioral effects of six 10mg/kg...
European Neuropsychopharmacology
December 2017
Tomáš Hložek, Libor Uttl, Lukáš Kadeřábek et al.
Metabolic and behavioural effects of, and interactions between Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are influenced by dose and administration route. Therefore we investigated, in Wistar rats, effects of pulmonary, oral and subcutaneous (sc.) THC, CBD and THC+CBD. Concentrations of THC, its metabolites 11-OH-THC and THC-COOH, and CBD in serum and brain were determined over 24h,...
Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
November 23, 2017
Peter Manza, Dardo G. Tomasi, Nora D. Volkow
61 citations
BACKGROUND: Cannabis abuse (CA) has been associated with psychopathology, including negative emotionality and higher risk of psychosis, particularly with early age of initiation. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. Because aberrant dopamine signaling is implicated in cannabis-associated psychopathology, we hypothesized that regular CA would be associated...
British Journal of Pharmacology
November 22, 2017
Eef L. Theunissen, Nadia R. P. W. Hutten, Natasha L. Mason et al.
38 citations
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Synthetic cannabinoids (often sold as Spice or K2) have become a very popular alternative to cannabis due to their easy access and portrayed safety. Controlled studies on the behavioural effects of synthetic cannabinoids are currently lacking, which hampers risk assessments of these compounds. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: This is a first attempt to assess the influence of a...
PLoS One
November 11, 2017
Ana González-Pinto, Itxaso González-Ortega, Susana Alberich et al.
The objective of this study is to investigate cognitive performance in a first-episode psychosis sample, when stratifying the interaction by cannabis use and familial or non-familial psychosis. Hierarchical-regression models were used to analyse this association in a sample of 268 first-episode psychosis patients and 237 controls. We found that cannabis use was associated with worse working...
Journal of Neuroscience
November 8, 2017
Lindsey Friend, Jared Weed, Philip Sandoval et al.
The VTA is necessary for reward behavior with dopamine cells critically involved in reward signaling. Dopamine cells in turn are innervated and regulated by neighboring inhibitory GABA cells. Using whole-cell electrophysiology in juvenile-adolescent GAD67-GFP male mice, we examined excitatory plasticity in fluorescent VTA GABA cells. A novel CB1-dependent LTD was induced in GABA cells that was...
Scientific Reports
November 3, 2017
Sagnik Bhattacharyya, Alice Egerton, Euitae Kim et al.
Use of Cannabis, the most widely used illicit drug worldwide, is associated with acute anxiety, and anxiety disorders following regular use. The precise neural and receptor basis of these effects have not been tested in man. Employing a combination of functional MRI (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), we investigated whether the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC),...
Addiction
November 2017
Sarah D Lichenstein, Samuel Musselman, Daniel S Shaw et al.
(1) To identify trajectories of cannabis use across adolescence, (2) to measure the influence of cannabis use characteristics on functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and (3) to assess whether patterns of functional connectivity related to cannabis use are associated with psychosocial functioning 2 years later. The Pitt Mother and Child Project (PMCP) is a prospective,...
Psychopharmacology
November 2017
Chandni Hindocha, Will Lawn, Tom P. Freeman et al.
Cannabis and tobacco are often smoked simultaneously in joints, and this practice may increase the risks of developing tobacco and/or cannabis use disorders. Currently, there is no human experimental research on how these drugs interact on addiction-related measures. This study aimed to investigate how cannabis and tobacco, each alone and combined together in joints, affected individuals'...
International Journal of Medical Research and Review
October 31, 2017
D. V. Pal, Dr. Stuti Rastogi, Dr. Amrita Chauhan et al.
2 citations
Background: Therehas been plethora of research regarding cannabis use disorder but very few studies reported demographic and phenomenological differences of acute psychosis with cannabis use to those of acute psychosis without cannabis use. This study attempted to evaluate the demographic and phenomenology differences between two groups of patients presenting with acute psychosis with cannabis...
JMIR public health and surveillance
October 26, 2017
Elad Yom-Tov, Shaul Lev-Ran
Background: Cannabis is one of the most widely used psychoactive substances worldwide, but adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with its use are difficult to study because of its prohibited status in many countries. Objective: Internet search engine queries have been used to investigate ADRs in pharmaceutical drugs. In this proof-of-concept study, we tested whether these queries can be used...
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
October 23, 2017
Mary P. Becker, Paul F Collins, A. Schultz et al.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescent cannabis use (CU) is associated with impaired attention, executive function, and verbal learning/memory. These associations are generally observed in cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies of cannabis users are lacking. Method: The present study examines associations between CU and cognition over time in chronic daily adolescent-onset CUs, as compared to...
Early Intervention in Psychiatry
October 20, 2017
M. Birnbaum, S. Cleary, C. R. Wan et al.
The Cannabis Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ) was developed to measure the subjective experiences of cannabis use both during and after intoxication. Despite the need to better understand the nature of the complex and significant relationship between cannabis use and early psychosis, this questionnaire has rarely been used in individuals with first‐episode psychosis.
Brain and Behavior
October 6, 2017
Rohit Jaibhagwan Lodhi, Yabing Wang, David Rossolatos et al.
12 citations
Abstract Objective COMT rs4680 (Val158Met) genotype moderates the effect of cannabis on the age of onset of psychosis (AoP). We investigated the association between rs4680 and AoP, after adjusting for relevant covariates, in a Canadian Caucasian sample. Methods One hundred and sixty‐nine subjects with psychosis were recruited. AoP, defined as age of DSM‐IV diagnosis was established using the...
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
October 3, 2017
Mohini Ranganathan, Rajiv Radhakrishnan, Peter H. Addy et al.
Cannabis and agonists of the brain cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) produce acute memory impairments in humans. However, the extent to which cannabinoids impair the component processes of encoding and retrieval has not been established in humans. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether the administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive constituent of...
Neuropsychopharmacology
October 2017
Rachel A Rabin, Mera S Barr, Michelle S Goodman et al.
Cross-sectional studies of the effects of cannabis on cognition in schizophrenia have produced mixed results. Heavy and persistent cannabis use in schizophrenia is a common clinical problem, and effects of controlled abstinence from cannabis in these patients have not been carefully evaluated. The present study sought to determine the effects of cannabis abstinence on cognition in patients with...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
October 1, 2017
Charles W. Schindler, Benjamin R Gramling, Zuzana Justinova et al.
The misuse of synthetic cannabinoids is a persistent public health concern. Because these drugs target the same cannabinoid receptors as the active ingredient of marijuana, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), we compared the effects of synthetic cannabinoids and THC on body temperature and cardiovascular parameters. Biotelemetry transmitters for the measurement of body temperature or blood pressure...