Communications Biology
January 28, 2023
Andrea I. Luppi, Jakub Vohryzek, Morten L. Kringelbach et al.
98 citations
A central question in neuroscience is how consciousness arises from the dynamic interplay of brain structure and function. Here we decompose functional MRI signals from pathological and pharmacologically-induced perturbations of consciousness into distributed patterns of structure-function dependence across scales: the harmonic modes of the human structural connectome. We show that...
Neuropharmacology
December 27, 2022
Robin Carhart-Harris, Shamil Chandaria, David Erritzøe et al.
106 citations
This theoretical article revives a classical bridging construct, canalization, to describe a new model of a general factor of psychopathology. To achieve this, we have distinguished between two types of plasticity, an early one that we call 'TEMP' for 'Temperature or Entropy Mediated Plasticity', and another, we call 'canalization', which is close to Hebbian plasticity. These two forms of...
Neuroimage
November 1, 2022
Hardik Rajpal, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas et al.
23 citations
Schizophrenia and states induced by certain psychotomimetic drugs may share some physiological and phenomenological properties, but they differ in fundamental ways: one is a crippling chronic mental disease, while the others are temporary, pharmacologically-induced states presently being explored as treatments for mental illnesses. Building towards a deeper understanding of these different...
Research Square
October 26, 2022
Rubén Herzog, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas et al.
6 citations
Abstract Psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and other agonists of the serotonin 2A receptor (5HT2A-R), induce drastic changes in subjective experience, and provide a unique opportunity to study the neurobiological basis of consciousness. One of the most notable neurophysiological signatures of psychedelics, increased entropy in spontaneous neural activity, is thought...
Sci Rep
September 15, 2022
Rubén Herzog, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas et al.
3 citations
s attention that there was a typo in the script used to calculate the differential entropy. Therefore, the reported entropy estimations are invalid and do not produce the expected increase in entropy when using
July 7, 2022
Richard J. Zeifman, Meg J. Spriggs, Hannes Kettner et al.
13 citations
preprint
Background: The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-encoded beliefs, and offers a unified account of the acute and therapeutic action of psychedelics. Although REBUS has received some neuroscientific support, little research has examined its psychological validity. We conducted a...
Neuroimage
July 1, 2022
Fran Hancock, Joana Cabral, Andrea I. Luppi et al.
40 citations
Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) in resting-state fMRI holds promise to deliver candidate biomarkers for clinical applications. However, the reliability and interpretability of dFC metrics remain contested. Despite a myriad of methodologies and resulting measures, few studies have combined metrics derived from different conceptualizations of brain functioning within the same analysis -...
Trends in Cognitive Sciences
June 1, 2022
Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Daniel Bor et al.
109 citations
The integrated information theory of consciousness (IIT) is unprecedentedly ambitious in that it proposes a universal mathematical formula, derived from fundamental properties of conscious experience, to describe the quality of consciousness that it the of consciousness of in the the of in the the a of the that a from a of a the of the The integrated information theory of consciousness (IIT) is...
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences
May 23, 2022
Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Andrea I. Luppi et al.
73 citations
Emergence is a profound subject that straddles many scientific disciplines, including the formation of galaxies and how consciousness arises from the collective activity of neurons. Despite the broad interest that exists on this concept, the study of emergence has suffered from a lack of formalisms that could be used to guide discussions and advance theories. Here, we summarize, elaborate on,...
Communications Biology
April 20, 2022
Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas et al.
The human brain entertains rich spatiotemporal dynamics, which are drastically reconfigured when consciousness is lost due to anaesthesia or disorders of consciousness (DOC). Here, we sought to identify the neurobiological mechanisms that explain how transient pharmacological intervention and chronic neuroanatomical injury can lead to common reconfigurations of neural activity. We developed and...
The European journal of neuroscience
March 1, 2022
Claudia Pascovich, Santiago Castro-Zaballa, Pedro A. M. Mediano et al.
16 citations
There is increasing evidence that the level of consciousness can be captured by neural informational complexity: for instance, complexity, as measured by the Lempel Ziv (LZ) compression algorithm, decreases during anaesthesia and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in humans and rats, when compared with LZ in awake and REM sleep. In contrast, LZ is higher in humans under the effect of...
Neuroscience of Consciousness
November 1, 2021
Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas et al.
42 citations
Abstract A central question in neuroscience concerns the relationship between consciousness and its physical substrate. Here, we argue that a richer characterization of consciousness can be obtained by viewing it as constituted of distinct information-theoretic elements. In other words, we propose a shift from quantification of consciousness—viewed as integrated information—to its...
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
September 23, 2021
Pedro A. M. Mediano, Aleksi Ikkala, Rogier Kievit et al.
30 citations
preprint
ABSTRACT There has been considerable recent progress in measuring conscious level using neural complexity measures. For instance, such measures can reliably distinguish healthy awake from asleep subjects and vegetative state patients. However, this line of research has never explored the dynamics of conscious level during normal wakefulness. Being able to capture meaningful differences in...
Scientific Reports
October 20, 2020
Rubén Herzog, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas et al.
60 citations
Retracted
Abstract Psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide and other agonists of the serotonin 2A receptor (5HT2A-R), induce drastic changes in subjective experience, and provide a unique opportunity to study the neurobiological basis of consciousness. One of the most notable neurophysiological signatures of psychedelics, increased entropy in spontaneous neural activity, is thought to be...
arXiv (Cornell University)
August 6, 2020
Rodrigo Cofré, Rubén Herzog, Pedro A. M. Mediano et al.
The scope of human consciousness includes states departing from what most of\nus experience as ordinary wakefulness. These altered states of consciousness\nconstitute a prime opportunity to study how global changes in brain activity\nrelate to different varieties of subjective experience. We consider the problem\nof explaining how global signatures of altered consciousness arise from...
arXiv Preprint Archive
August 6, 2020
Rodrigo Cofré, Rubén Herzog, Pedro A. M. Mediano et al.
The scope of human consciousness includes states departing from what most of us experience as ordinary wakefulness. These altered states of consciousness constitute a prime opportunity to study how global changes in brain activity relate to different varieties of subjective experience. We consider the problem of explaining how global signatures of altered consciousness arise from the interplay...
arXiv Preprint Archive
February 12, 2019
Adam B. Barrett, Pedro A. M. Mediano
According to the Integrated Information Theory of Consciousness, consciousness is a fundamental observer-independent property of physical systems, and the measure Phi of integrated information is identical to the quantity or level of consciousness. For this to be plausible, there should be no alternative formulae for Phi consistent with the axioms of IIT, and there should not be cases of Phi...
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
December 25, 2018
Pedro A. M. Mediano, Anil K. Seth, Adam B. Barrett
Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is a prominent theory of consciousness that has at its centre measures that quantify the extent to which a system generates more information than the sum of its parts. While several candidate measures of integrated information (" Φ ") now exist, little is known about how they compare, especially in terms of their behaviour on non-trivial network models. In...
arXiv Preprint Archive
June 25, 2018
Pedro A. M. Mediano, Anil K. Seth, Adam B. Barrett
Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is a prominent theory of consciousness that has at its centre measures that quantify the extent to which a system generates more information than the sum of its parts. While several candidate measures of integrated information (`$Φ$') now exist, little is known about how they compare, especially in terms of their behaviour on non-trivial network models. In...
Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Andrea I. Luppi et al.
10 citations
Abstract Quantifying the complexity of neural activity has provided fundamental insights into cognition, consciousness, and clinical conditions. However, the most widely used approach to estimate the complexity of neural dynamics, Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZ), has fundamental limitations that substantially restrict its domain of applicability. In this article we leverage the information-theoretic...
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Hanna M. Tolle, Andrea I. Luppi, Timothy Lawn et al.
1 citation
preprint
Conventional antidepressants show moderate efficacy in treating major depressive disorder. Psychedelic-assisted therapy holds promise, yet individual responses vary, underscoring the need for predictive tools to guide treatment selection. Here, we present graphTRIP (graph-based Treatment Response Interpretability and Prediction) – a geometric deep learning architecture that enables three...
Ignacio Cea, Niccolò Negro, Pedro A. M. Mediano et al.
preprint
The Integrated Information Theory (IIT) 4.0 is an influential framework aiming to explain consciousness mathematically in terms of intrinsic existence, namely what exists for itself in a specific, maximally irreducible, structured form. IIT thus posits that the minimal substrates of consciousness are also the ultimate building blocks of what exists. These are called ‘monads’, and are defined as...
George Blackburne, Alberto Liardi, Jeremy I Skipper et al.
preprint
The relationship between subjectivity and its substrate can be understood via the notion of compatibilist emergence, accounting for the plurality of ways nature can host new dynamical laws at higher scales. We discuss how the autopoietic character of life may require and promote the kind of emergence necessary, albeit not sufficient, for consciousness.