Schizophrenia Bulletin
October 6, 2012
Robin Carhart-Harris, Robert Leech, David Erritzøe et al.
267 citations
Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic and a candidate drug model of psychosis. This study measured the effects of psilocybin on resting-state network and thalamocortical functional connectivity (FC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Fifteen healthy volunteers received intravenous infusions of psilocybin and placebo in 2 task-free resting-state scans. Primary analyses focused on...
PLoS One
September 24, 2012
Milan Scheidegger, Martin Walter, Mick Lehmann et al.
282 citations
Increasing preclinical and clinical evidence underscores the strong and rapid antidepressant properties of the glutamate-modulating NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine. Targeting the glutamatergic system might thus provide a novel molecular strategy for antidepressant treatment. Since glutamate is the most abundant and major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, pathophysiological changes in...
Cerebral Cortex
April 24, 2012
Renaud Jardri, Pierre Thomas, Christine Delmaire et al.
180 citations
The pathophysiology of hallucinations remains mysterious. This research aims to specifically explore the interaction between hallucinations and spontaneous resting-state activity. We used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging during hallucinations occurrence in 20 drug-free adolescents with a "brief psychotic disorder." They were furthermore compared with 20 matched controls at rest or during...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
January 23, 2012
Alessandro Colasanti, Robin J. Tyacke, Robert Leech et al.
1,191 citations
Psychedelic drugs have a long history of use in healing ceremonies, but despite renewed interest in their therapeutic potential, we continue to know very little about how they work in the brain. Here we used psilocybin, a classic psychedelic found in magic mushrooms, and a task-free functional MRI (fMRI) protocol designed to capture the transition from normal waking consciousness to the...
Anesthesiology
September 30, 2010
Pierre Boveroux, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Marie-Aurélie Bruno et al.
645 citations
BACKGROUND: Mechanisms of anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness remain poorly understood. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging allows investigating whole-brain connectivity changes during pharmacological modulation of the level of consciousness. METHODS: Low-frequency spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent fluctuations were measured in 19 healthy volunteers during...
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
June 1, 2010
Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Athena Demertzi, Manuel Schabus et al.
460 citations
Evidence from functional neuroimaging studies on resting state suggests that there are two distinct anticorrelated cortical systems that mediate conscious awareness: an "extrinsic" system that encompasses lateral fronto-parietal areas and has been linked with processes of external input (external awareness), and an "intrinsic" system which encompasses mainly medial brain areas and has been...
Brain
February 28, 2010
R. L. Carhart-Harris, K. J. Friston
580 citations
This article explores the notion that Freudian constructs may have neurobiological substrates. Specifically, we propose that Freud's descriptions of the primary and secondary processes are consistent with self-organized activity in hierarchical cortical systems and that his descriptions of the ego are consistent with the functions of the default-mode and its reciprocal exchanges with...
Neuroreport
November 7, 2005
Sara W. Lazar, Catherine E. Kerr, Rachel H. Wasserman et al.
1,707 citations
Previous research indicates that long-term meditation practice is associated with altered resting electroencephalogram patterns, suggestive of long lasting changes in brain activity. We hypothesized that meditation practice might also be associated with changes in the brain's physical structure. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess cortical thickness in 20 participants with extensive...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
January 16, 2001
Marcus E. Raichle, Ann Mary MacLeod, Abraham Z. Snyder et al.
12,440 citations
A baseline or control state is fundamental to the understanding of most complex systems. Defining a baseline state in the human brain, arguably our most complex system, poses a particular challenge. Many suspect that left unconstrained, its activity will vary unpredictably. Despite this prediction we identify a baseline state of the normal adult human brain in terms of the brain oxygen...
CRC Press eBooks
October 26, 2026
Michele di Salvo
Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) represents a profound and paradoxical neurological condition, a crossroads between ophthalmology, neurology, and the philosophy of mind, in which vivid, complex, and often spectacular visual hallucinations occur in neurologically and psychiatrically healthy individuals, in response to significant vision loss. This narrative-style scientific chapter aims to explore...