Human Brain Mapping
September 1, 2013
Few studies have explored the effect of acute pain on attentional networks and on the default mode network. Moreover, these studies convey conflicting results, seemingly caused by design. To reassess this issue, we studied 20 healthy subjects with functional magnetic resonance imaging while delivering painful electric shocks. The design was purposely constructed to separate rest, anticipation,...
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
July 17, 2013
Joseph M Moran, William M Kelley, Todd F Heatherton
Understanding ourselves has been a fundamental topic for psychologists and philosophers alike. In this paper we review the evidence linking specific brain structures to self-reflection. The brain regions most associated with self-reflection are the posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal (mPFC) cortices, together known as the cortical midline structures (CMSs). We review evidence arguing that...
Brain
April 9, 2013
Winston Chiong, Stephen M. Wilson, Mark D’Esposito et al.
234 citations
Large-scale brain networks are integral to the coordination of human behaviour, and their anatomy provides insights into the clinical presentation and progression of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease, which targets the default mode network, and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, which targets a more anterior salience network. Although the default mode network is...
Neurology
February 12, 2013
R. Wells, Gloria Y Yeh, C. Kerr et al.
OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) would improve functional connectivity of the DMN and reduce hippocampal atrophy among adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
JAMA Psychiatry
February 6, 2013
Jonathan Posner, David J Hellerstein, Inbal Gat et al.
275 citations
IMPORTANCE: The default mode network (DMN) is a collection of brain regions that reliably deactivate during goal-directed behaviors and is more active during a baseline, or so-called resting, condition. Coherence of neural activity, or functional connectivity, within the brain's DMN is increased in major depressive disorder relative to healthy control (HC) subjects; however, whether similar...
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
January 7, 2013
G. Knyazev
Recent studies show that fronto-posterior electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral power distribution is associated with personality. Specifically, extraversion is associated with an increase of spectral power in posterior cortical regions that overlap with the posterior default mode network (DMN) hub and a decrease of spectral power in anterior regions that overlap with the anterior DMN hub....
PLoS One
2013
Firas Fahoum, Rina Zelmann, Louise Tyvaert et al.
Functional neuroimaging studies of epilepsy patients often show, at the time of epileptic activity, deactivation in default mode network (DMN) regions, which is hypothesized to reflect altered consciousness. We aimed to study the metabolic and electrophysiological correlates of these changes in the DMN regions. We studied six epilepsy patients that underwent scalp EEG-fMRI and later stereotaxic...
Frontiers in Neuroscience
2013
Edward A. Vessel, G. Gabrielle Starr, Nava Rubin
197 citations
In a task of rating images of artworks in an fMRI scanner, regions in the medial prefrontal cortex that are known to be part of the default mode network (DMN) were positively activated on the highest-rated trials. This is surprising given the DMN's original characterization as the set of brain regions that show greater fMRI activity during rest periods than during performance of tasks requiring...
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
2013
Istvan Molnar-Szakacs, Lucina Q. Uddin
221 citations
Recent evidence for the fractionation of the default mode network (DMN) into functionally distinguishable subdivisions with unique patterns of connectivity calls for a reconceptualization of the relationship between this network and self-referential processing. Advances in resting-state functional connectivity analyses are beginning to reveal increasingly complex patterns of organization within...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
December 24, 2012
Tamami Nakano, Makoto Kato, Yusuke Morito et al.
246 citations
It remains unknown why we generate spontaneous eyeblinks every few seconds, more often than necessary for ocular lubrication. Because eyeblinks tend to occur at implicit breakpoints while viewing videos, we hypothesized that eyeblinks are actively involved in the release of attention. We show that while viewing videos, cortical activity momentarily decreases in the dorsal attention network...