ISSN 1745-1701, 1787-9965, 0586-7614
152 papers in the library · 3,436 citations · publishing 1976-2026
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 2012 Joseph T Coyle
Although glutamate was first hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia in the 1980s, it was the demonstration that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, the dissociative anesthetics, could replicate the full range of psychotic, negative, cognitive, and physiologic features of schizophrenia in normal subjects that placed the "NMDA receptor hypofunction...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 1, 2012 Daniel C Javitt, Stephen R Zukin, Uriel Heresco-Levy et al.
Over the last 20 years, glutamatergic models of schizophrenia have become increasingly accepted as etiopathological models of schizophrenia, based on the observation that phencyclidine (PCP) induces a schizophrenia-like psychosis by blocking neurotransmission at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors. This article reviews developments in two key predictions of the model: first,...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 2012 Daniel C Javitt
At present, all medications for schizophrenia function primarily by blocking dopamine D2 receptors. Over 50 years ago, the first observations were made that subsequently led to development of alternative, glutamatergic conceptualizations. This special issue traces the historic development of the phencyclidine (PCP) model of schizophrenia from the initial description of the psychotomimetic...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 1, 2012 Bita Moghaddam, John H. Krystal
Here, we describe our collaborative efforts to use N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists as a translational tool to advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and identify potential new targets for treatment of schizophrenia. We began these efforts in the late 1980s with a keen sense that, in both human and animal studies, we needed to move beyond the dopamine...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 1, 2012 Edward F. Domino, Elliot D. Luby
The history of the chemical synthesis and animal/human pharmacology of phencyclidine is documented. From its early use as a general anesthetic, chemical model of schizophrenia, and drug of abuse, phencyclidine has had a checkered history. Research with this agent and its chemical derivatives like ketamine have provided a solid foundation for just a beginning to understanding the neuropathology...
Schizophrenia Bulletin February 20, 2012 Barnaby Nelson, Andrew Thompson, Alison R Yung
Introduction: Phenomenological research indicates that disturbance of the basic sense of self may be a core phenotypic marker of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Basic self-disturbance refers to a disruption of the sense of ownership of experience and agency of action and is associated with a variety of anomalous subjective experiences. In this study, we investigated the presence of basic...
Schizophrenia Bulletin January 26, 2012 Oliver Howes, Paul Shotbolt, Michael Bloomfield et al. 94 citations
Background: The psychosis phenotype appears to exist in the population as a continuum, but it is not clear if subclinical psychotic symptoms and psychotic disorders share the same neurobiology. We investigated whether the dopaminergic dysfunction seen in psychotic disorders is also present in healthy, well-functioning people with hallucinations. Methods: We compared dopamine synthesis capacity...
Schizophrenia Bulletin October 29, 2011 Christine Barrowclough, Richard A Emsley, Emily Eisner et al. 33 citations
BACKGROUND: Cannabis use has been identified as a potent predictor of the earlier onset of psychosis, but meta-analysis has not indicated that it has a clear effect in established psychosis. AIM: To assess the association between cannabis and outcomes, including whether change in cannabis use affects symptoms and functioning, in a large sample of people with established nonaffective psychosis...
Schizophrenia Bulletin October 5, 2011 Fabio Sambataro, Leonardo Fazio, Paolo Taurisano et al. 59 citations
The default mode network (DMN) comprises a set of brain regions with "increased" activity during rest relative to cognitive processing. Activity in the DMN is associated with functional connections with the striatum and dopamine (DA) levels in this brain region. A functional single-nucleotide polymorphism within the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2, rs1076560 G > T) shifts splicing of the 2 D2...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 28, 2011 Albert Adell, Laura Jiménez-Sánchez, Xavier López-Gil et al. 134 citations
Several genetic, neurodevelopmental, and pharmacological animal models of schizophrenia have been established. This short review examines the validity of one of the most used pharmacological model of the illness, ie, the acute administration of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists in rodents. In some cases, data on chronic or prenatal NMDA receptor antagonist exposure have been...
Schizophrenia Bulletin July 19, 2011 Josef Parnas
This article traces the fundamental descriptive features of schizophrenia described in the European continental literature form Kraepelin and Bleuler, culminating with the creation of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-8 (1974). There was a consensus among the researchers that the specificity and typicality of schizophrenia was anchored to its "fundamental" clinical core (with...
Schizophrenia Bulletin March 9, 2011 Verity C. Leeson, Isobel Harrison, María A. Ron et al. 132 citations
OBJECTIVE: Cannabis use is associated with a younger age at onset of psychosis, an indicator of poor prognosis, but better cognitive function, a positive prognostic indicator. We aimed to clarify the role of age at onset and cognition on outcomes in cannabis users with first-episode schizophrenia as well as the effect of cannabis dose and cessation of use. METHODS: Ninety-nine patients without...
Schizophrenia Bulletin October 20, 2010 John S Strauss
To have a complete human science in the mental health field it is essential to give adequate attention to both the objective and the subjective data related to people with psychiatric disorders. The tendency in the past has been to ignore or discount one or the other of these data sources. Subjective data are particularly neglected, sometimes considered (only) part of the "art" of medicine...
Schizophrenia Bulletin October 7, 2010 Irwin Feinberg 47 citations
In 1978,1 a new neuroscience-based model of hallucinations was proposed in this journal. The premise of this model was that hallucinatory experiences are necessarily produced by self-generated neural activity. Their pathology does not lie in the fact that they are self-generated. Much, if not most, of our mental experience results from endogenous or “spontaneous” neural activity. Hallucinations...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 1, 2010 Neil Dawson, Rhiannon J Thompson, Allan McVie et al.
Objective: In the present study, we employ mathematical modeling (partial least squares regression, PLSR) to elucidate the functional connectivity signatures of discrete brain regions in order to identify the functional networks subserving PCP-induced disruption of distinct cognitive functions and their restoration by the procognitive drug modafinil. Methods: We examine the functional...
Schizophrenia Bulletin July 25, 2010 Murat Yücel, Emre Bora, Dan Ian Lubman et al. 256 citations
Cannabis use is highly prevalent among people with schizophrenia, and coupled with impaired cognition, is thought to heighten the risk of illness onset. However, while heavy cannabis use has been associated with cognitive deficits in long-term users, studies among patients with schizophrenia have been contradictory. This article consists of 2 studies. In Study I, a meta-analysis of 10 studies...
Schizophrenia Bulletin April 23, 2010 John Gerald Taylor
Numerous researchers have pointed out over the last decades that there is a loss of the sense of the inner self in schizophrenia. In particular, the illuminating article of Sass et al. gives an underpinning explanation of the disease along these lines in each of its 3 manifestations, with positive, negative, or disordered symptoms. The crucial component of the analysis of these researchers is...
Schizophrenia Bulletin February 22, 2010 Andrea Raballo, Josef Parnas
The identification of individuals carrying unexpressed genetic liability to schizophrenia is crucial for both etiological research and clinical risk stratification. Subclinical psychopathological features detectable in the nonpsychotic part of the schizophrenia spectrum could improve the delineation of informative vulnerability phenotypes. Inspired by Meehl's schizotaxia-schizotypy heuristic...
Schizophrenia Bulletin December 4, 2009 A. L. Mishara
Klaus Conrad's major contribution to the phenomenology of psychosis focused on the patient's experiences during the prodromal and early psychotic phases of schizophrenia. The literature in English concerning his work is sparse, in part because Conrad's work contains complex concepts that lose much in translation. This communication attempts to clarify Conrad's thought, especially as it pertains...
Schizophrenia Bulletin November 13, 2009 Ana González-Pinto, Susana Alberich, Sara Barbeito et al.
Objective: To examine the influence of cannabis use on long-term outcome in patients with a first psychotic episode, comparing patients who have never used cannabis with (a) those who used cannabis before the first episode but stopped using it during follow-up and (b) those who used cannabis both before the first episode and during follow-up. Methods: Patients were studied following their first...
Schizophrenia Bulletin June 15, 2009 Andrea Raballo, Ditte Sæbye, Josef Parnas
Nonpsychotic anomalies of subjective experience were emphasized in both classic literature and phenomenological psychiatry as essential clinical features of schizophrenia. However, only in recent years, their topicality with respect to the construct validity of the concept of the schizophrenia spectrum has been explicitly acknowledged, mainly as a consequence of the increasing focus on early...
Schizophrenia Bulletin January 2009 Frauke Schultze-Lutter
Recent focus on early detection and intervention in psychosis has renewed interest in subtle psychopathology beyond positive and negative symptoms. These are self-experienced subclinical disturbances termed basic symptoms (BS). The phenomenologies of BS and their development in the course of psychotic disorders will be described.
Schizophrenia Bulletin November 1, 2008 Cécile Henquet, Marta Di Forti, Paul D. Morrison et al.
Cannabis use is considered a contributory cause of schizophrenia and psychotic illness. However, only a small proportion of cannabis users develop psychosis. This can partly be explained by the amount and duration of the consumption of cannabis and by its strength but also by the age at which individuals are first exposed to cannabis. Genetic factors, in particular, are likely to play a role in...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 26, 2008 Simon R. Jones
The causes of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are still unclear. The evidence for 2 prominent cognitive models of AVHs, one based on inner speech, the other on intrusions from memory, is briefly reviewed. The fit of these models, as well as neurological models, to the phenomenology of AVHs is then critically examined. It is argued that only a minority of AVHs, such as those with content...
Schizophrenia Bulletin September 4, 2008 K Pushpa
This article is based on my own personal experience of having undergone "coma treatment" and being given approximately 37 coma injections between the period 1983-1993 despite the fact that I was not psychotic and was normal in every way. The experiences I had following the injections and the forcible administration of innumerable antipsychotics and drugs have shaped my perspective of what it is...