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Héléna Cassol

24 papers in the library · 1,105 citations · publishing 2017-2024

Papers

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EEG signature of near-death-like experiences during syncope-induced periods of unresponsiveness.

Neuroimage September 1, 2024 Charlotte Martial, Andrea Piarulli, Olivia Gosseries et al. 10 citations

During fainting, disconnected consciousness may emerge in the form of dream-like experiences. Characterized by extra-ordinary and mystical features, these subjective experiences have been associated to near-death-like experiences (NDEs-like). We here aim to assess brain activity during syncope-induced disconnected consciousness by means of high-density EEG monitoring. Transient loss of...

Phenomenological memory characteristics and impact of near-death experience in critically ill survivors: Observations at discharge and after a 1-year follow-up.

International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP 2024 Charlotte Martial, Pauline Fritz, Héléna Cassol et al. 3 citations

It is not rare that intensive care unit (ICU) patients report unusual subjective experiences, ranging from a feeling of harmony with the environment to complex phenomena such as near-death experience (NDE). This 1-year follow-up study investigates the characteristics and potential global impact of the NDE memories recalled by ICU survivors. We prospectively enrolled 126 adult survivors of a...

Electroencephalographic Signature of Out-of-Body Experiences Induced by Virtual Reality: A Novel Methodological Approach.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience September 1, 2023 Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol, Mel Slater et al. 13 citations

Out-of-body experiences (OBEs) are subjective experiences of seeing one's own body and the environment from a location outside the physical body. They can arise spontaneously or in specific conditions, such as during the intake of dissociative drug. Given its unpredictable occurrence, one way to empirically study it is to induce subjective experiences resembling an OBE using technology such as...

Personality traits and pattern of beliefs of near-death(-like) experiencers

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience April 28, 2023 Aminata Bicego, Héléna Cassol, Jessica Simon et al. 13 citations

Introduction Little is known about the potential personality and psychological predictors of near-death experiences (NDEs), and fewer yet those of near-death-like experiences (NDEs-like; similar phenomenology reported after a non-life-threatening context). This study investigated whether personality traits (Openness, Extraversion, Pleasantness, Conscientiousness, and Neuroticism), dissociative...

Incidence of near-death experiences in patients surviving a prolonged critical illness and their long-term impact: a prospective observational study

Critical Care February 27, 2023 A. Rousseau, Laurence Dams, Quentin Massart et al. 26 citations

Background So far, the few prospective studies on near-death experience (NDE) were carried out only in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with homogeneous aetiologies, such as cardiac arrest or trauma survivors. The aims of this 1-year prospective and monocentric study were to investigate the incidence of NDE in ICU survivors (all aetiologies) as well as factors that may affect its frequency,...

Chinese translation and validation of the Near-Death Experience Content scale.

Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023 Yan Li, Yan Chen, Charlotte Martial et al.

In recent years, a growing number of near-death experience (NDE) testimonies have been collected worldwide due to an increasing interest in research on this phenomenon. China has many patients who survive life-threatening situations, leaving over much data on NDEs to be collected for research. In the historical context of Eastern civilization, many mentally controlled practices in China can...

Studying death and near‐death experiences requires neuroscientific expertise

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences August 26, 2022 Charlotte Martial, Olivia Gosseries, Héléna Cassol et al. 17 citations

Parnia et al. recently published suggestions for the study of death and experiences recalled in a near‐death context. We have serious reservations about the authors’ statements. In this commentary, we discuss the omissions and knowledge gaps inherent to the authors’ paper, which among others include incorrect neurological claims about brain death and misunderstandings regarding the terminology...

Losing the Self in Near-Death Experiences: The Experience of Ego-Dissolution.

Brain Sciences July 14, 2021 Charlotte Martial, Géraldine Fontaine, Olivia Gosseries et al. 37 citations

Many people who have had a near-death experience (NDE) describe, as part of it, a disturbed sense of having a "distinct self". However, no empirical studies have been conducted to explore the frequency or intensity of these effects. We surveyed 100 NDE experiencers (Near-Death-Experience Content [NDE-C] scale total score ≥27/80). Eighty participants had their NDEs in life-threatening situations...

The evolutionary origin of near-death experiences: a systematic investigation

Brain Communications June 22, 2021 Costanza Peinkhofer, Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol et al. 49 citations

Abstract Near-death experiences are known from all parts of the world, various times and numerous cultural backgrounds. This universality suggests that near-death experiences may have a biological origin and purpose. Adhering to a preregistered protocol, we investigate the hypothesis that thanatosis, aka death-feigning, a last-resort defense mechanism in animals, is the evolutionary origin of...

The Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale: Development and psychometric validation

Consciousness and Cognition November 1, 2020 Charlotte Martial, Jessica Simon, Ninon Puttaert et al. 69 citations

As interest grows in near-death experiences (NDEs), it is increasingly important to accurately identify them to facilitate empirical research and reproducibility among assessors. We aimed (1) to reassess the psychometric properties of the NDE scale developed by Greyson (1983) and (2) to validate the Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale that quantifies NDEs in a more complete way....

Near-Death Experience Memories Include More Episodic Components Than Flashbulb Memories

Frontiers in Psychology May 13, 2020 Héléna Cassol, E. Bonin, C. Bastin et al. 9 citations

Memories of near-death experiences (NDEs) are recalled as “realer” than memories of other real or imagined events. Given their rich phenomenology, emotionality and consequentiality, it was hypothesized that they could meet some aspects of the definition of flashbulb memories. We aimed to identify and compare the episodic and non-episodic information provided in verbal recollections of NDE,...

Characterization of near death experiences using text mining analyses: A preliminary study

PLoS One January 30, 2020 Vanessa Charland-Verville, D. Ribeiro de Paula, Charlotte Martial et al. 20 citations

The notion that death represents a passing to an afterlife, where we are reunited with loved ones and live eternally in a utopian paradise, is common in the reports of people who have encountered a “Near-Death Experience” (NDE). NDEs are thoroughly portrayed by the media but empirical studies are rather recent. The definition of the phenomenon as well as the identification of NDE experiencers...

Near-Death Experience as a Probe to Explore (Disconnected) Consciousness

Trends in Cognitive Sciences January 22, 2020 Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol, Steven Laureys et al. 90 citations

Forty-five years ago, the first evidence of near-death experience (NDE) during comatose state was provided, setting the stage for a new paradigm for studying the neural basis of consciousness in unresponsive states. At present, the state of consciousness associated with NDEs remains an open question. In the common view, consciousness is said to disappear in a coma with the brain shutting down,...

Neurophenomenology of near-death experience memory in hypnotic recall: a within-subject EEG study.

Scientific Reports October 1, 2019 Charlotte Martial, Armand Mensen, Vanessa Charland-Verville et al. 36 citations

The neurobiological basis of near-death experiences (NDEs) is unknown, but a few studies attempted to investigate it by reproducing in laboratory settings phenomenological experiences that seem to closely resemble NDEs. So far, no study has induced NDE-like features via hypnotic modulation while simultaneously measuring changes in brain activity using high-density EEG. Five volunteers who...

A systematic analysis of distressing near-death experience accounts

Memory June 12, 2019 Héléna Cassol, Charlotte Martial, Jitka Annen et al. 60 citations

Near-death experiences (NDEs) are usually associated with positive affect, however, a small proportion are considered distressing. We aimed to look into the proportion of distressing NDEs in a sample of NDE narratives, categorise distressing narratives according to Greyson and Bush’s classification (inverse, void or hellish), and compare distressing and “classical” NDEs. Participants wrote down...

Neurochemical models of near-death experiences: A large-scale study based on the semantic similarity of written reports.

Consciousness and Cognition March 1, 2019 Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol, Vanessa Charland-Verville et al. 98 citations

The real or perceived proximity to death often results in a non-ordinary state of consciousness characterized by phenomenological features such as the perception of leaving the body boundaries, feelings of peace, bliss and timelessness, life review, the sensation of traveling through a tunnel and an irreversible threshold. Near-death experiences (NDEs) are comparable among individuals of...

Memories of near-death experiences: are they self-defining?

Neuroscience of Consciousness 2019 Héléna Cassol, Arnaud D’Argembeau, Vanessa Charland-Verville et al. 16 citations

Some people report memories of near-death experiences (NDEs) after facing situations of impending death and these memories appear to have significant consequences on their lives (here referred to as “real NDE experiencers”; real NDErs). We assessed to what extent NDE memories are considered self-defining: memories that help people to define clearly how they see themselves. We screened 71...

DMT Models the Near-Death Experience

Frontiers in Psychology August 15, 2018 Christopher Timmermann, Leor Roseman, L. Williams et al. 228 citations

Near-death experiences (NDEs) are complex subjective experiences, which have been previously associated with the psychedelic experience and more specifically with the experience induced by the potent serotonergic, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT). Potential similarities between both subjective states have been noted previously, including the subjective feeling of transcending one's body and...

Fantasy Proneness Correlates With the Intensity of Near-Death Experience

Frontiers in Psychiatry June 7, 2018 Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol, Vanessa Charland-Verville et al. 70 citations

Little is known about the personality characteristics of those who have experienced a "Near-Death Experience" (NDE). One interesting candidate is fantasy proneness. We studied this trait in individuals who developed NDEs in the presence (i.e., classical NDEs) or absence (i.e., NDEs-like) of a life-threatening situation. We surveyed a total of 228 individuals. From those, 108 qualified as NDE...

Qualitative thematic analysis of the phenomenology of near-death experiences

PLoS One February 14, 2018 Héléna Cassol, Benoît Pétré, Sophie Degrange et al. 131 citations

Near-death experiences (NDEs) refer to profound psychological events that can have an important impact on the experiencers' (NDErs) lives. Previous studies have shown that NDEs memories are phenomenologically rich. In the present study, we therefore aimed to extract the common themes (referred to as "features" in the NDE literature) reported by NDErs by analyzing all the concepts stored in the...

Near-death experiences: Are they self-defining?

Frontiers in Neuroscience 2018 Héléna Cassol, Arnaud D’Argembeau, Vanessa Charland-Verville et al. 1 citation

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Intensity and memory characteristics of near-death experiences

Consciousness and Cognition July 8, 2017 Charlotte Martial, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Héléna Cassol et al. 24 citations

Memories of Near-Death Experiences (NDEs) seem to be very detailed and stable over time. At present, there is still no satisfactory explanation for the NDEs' rich phenomenology. Here we compared phenomenological characteristics of NDE memories with the reported experience's intensity. We included 152 individuals with a self-reported "classical" NDE (i.e. occurring in life-threatening...

Temporality of Features in Near-Death Experience Narratives

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience June 13, 2017 Charlotte Martial, Héléna Cassol, Georgios Antonopoulos et al. 85 citations

Background: After an occurrence of a Near-Death Experience (NDE), Near-Death Experiencers (NDErs) usually report extremely rich and detailed narratives. Phenomenologically, a NDE can be described as a set of distinguishable features. Some authors have proposed regular patterns of NDEs, however the actual temporality sequence of NDE core features remains a little explored area. Objectives: The...