Dance is an activity intimately connected to music and sound, typically performed outdoors. It has a social significance that extends well beyond mere entertainment, although does not exclude it. In this article, we aim to focus on dance in the archaeological record of southern Africa. We specifically exploring dance scenes depicted at the rock art sites of the Zimbabwean plateau, focusing on...
Abstract Ayahuasca profoundly alters conscious experience, yet robust, time-resolved EEG markers of its network-level effects remain limited. We combined machine learning with complex-network analysis to quantify how functional connectivity reorganizes across time and hemispheres in resting-state EEG from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial including three 5-min sessions:...
Dzikr (remembrance of Allah) and meditation are core spiritual practices in Islam that support inner peace and personal transformation. Grounded in the Qur’an and developed within tashawwuf (Sufism), they aim to purify the self (tazkiyah al-nafs), deepen God-consciousness, and cultivate spiritual tranquillity. This study explores the relevance of dzikr and meditation by integrating Islamic...
This article addresses the relationship between dreams and memory and focuses on the hypothesis that the process of dreaming contributes to memory consolidation. To understand this mechanism, the study considers dreams experienced in various stages of sleep and so-called "waking dreams," or reverie. Pro and con arguments, both enthusiastic and skeptical, are presented on the ability of dreams...
Conscious awareness requires establishing coherent percepts. Yet, whether consciousness is necessary for initiating the integration of basic sensory features remains unclear. Competing theories implicate distinct functional regimes of consciousness in the process of feature binding and creating conscious percepts. We used a novel multi-feature oddball paradigm with intracranial...
The need to uncover how Islamic intellectual and spiritual traditions have historically interacted with non-Islamic systems of thought to develop a distinct ethical psychology grounded in revelation. Despite the Qur’an and Islamic scholarship offering profound frameworks for emotional resilience—such as tawakkul, ṣabr, and riḍā bi’l-qaḍā’—the specific historical reception of Epictetus’s Stoic...
This qualitative study of how successful Psychedelic Assisted Psychotherapy (PAP) transforms the way of life of terminally ill subjects provides new knowledge for researchers and clinicians contemplating its use. Using an interpretive phenomenological approach (IPA) and interviews with subjects before and after PAP from a recent randomised control trial, we find that participants with extreme...
Introduction The subjective effects of psilocybin on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are under-explored. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative study of participant experiences from the first randomized placebo-controlled trial of single-dose psilocybin combined with unstructured and non-directive support for individuals with treatment-refractory OCD. Our research explored how participants...
The 1990s witnessed a pivotal shift in philosophy of mind and cognitive science with the rise of the 4E approaches: embodied, embedded, enacted, and extended cognition. These frameworks challenged the classical cognitive science paradigm that viewed cognition as internal symbolic computation confined to the brain. Instead, 4E cognition conceives mental processes as distributed across brain,...
Can situated perspectives on mind and cognition also account for individual agency and freedom? During the last 15 years, several notions of situated agency have been developed in 4E approaches as varied as enactivism, ecological psychology, and phenomenology. These approaches convincingly show how agential capacities can be naturalistically explained on the basis of principles of 4E cognition....