Background: Caring for people with dementia (PWD) is stressful and poses many life challenges for the family caregivers. Interventions targeting the stress and psychological well-being of the caregivers have been proposed but the sustainable effects and efficacies of these interventions vary considerably. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been shown to be effective at reducing...
Background Although it has been determined that mindfulness meditations are positively related to personality constructs such as conscien-tiousness, there is no clear evidence of whether personality can influence the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention. The aim of the current research was to investigate the immediate effects of single sessions of mindfulness meditation (MM) and...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with abnormal functional interactions among large-scale brain networks. Here we report findings from a randomized, active-controlled trial examining whether mindfulness-based therapy can regulate specific patterns of resting-state functional connectivity in clinically depressed patients. We show that a brief, clinically effective mindfulness...
WorkMay 28, 2019Lara Hilton, Nell J. Marshall, A. Motala et al.
BACKGROUND: Mindfulness interventions aim to foster greater attention and awareness of present moment experiences. Uptake of mindfulness programs in the workplace has grown as organizations look to support employee health, wellbeing, and performance. OBJECTIVE: In support of evidence-based decision making in workplace contexts, we created an evidence map summarizing physical and mental health,...
OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness interventions have been shown to reduce stress; however, the mechanisms driving stress resilience effects are not known. Mindfulness interventions aim to teach individuals how to: (a) use attention to monitor present moment experiences; with (b) an attitude of acceptance and equanimity. A randomized controlled dismantling trial (RCT) was conducted to test the prediction...
Objectives: Over the past decade there has been an increasing interest in exploring self-compassion as a related and complementary construct to mindfulness. Increases in self-compassion may predict clinical outcomes after MBCT and cultivation of compassion toward self and others is central to CFT. This pilot study compared the impact of MBCT applying implicit self-compassion instructions and...
This study is based on the relationship between meditation, the present moment, and psychophysiology. We employed the metronome task to operationalize the extension of the present moment. A pre-post longitudinal study was conducted. The performance in the metronome task was compared before and after the interventions (meditation, story). The aim was to assess whether physiological changes...
BMC Public HealthMay 14, 2019Diana Moesgen, Katharina Ise, Janina Dyba et al.
Abstract Background Children of substance-abusing parents are at a substantial risk of developing substance-use and other mental disorders. Children involved in substance abuse – not diagnosed with substance-use problems but integrated in psychiatric treatment or youth welfare services – constitute a particular high-risk group that is in need of substance use prevention. Emerging evidence...
Clínica y SaludMay 14, 2019Barbara Horrillo Álvarez, Carolina Marín‐Martín, Manuel R. Abuín5 citations
Beneficial effects of mindfulness meditation (MM) have been observed in many studies, with attention to and awareness of the present moment possibly representing an essential variable. However, adhering to the meditation regimes is poor at times. As such, the effects of MM training on attention and awareness were examined here, and whether the means of recording the practice of MM – using paper...
Abstract: Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent disorders in childhood, which may pose risks in later life such as academic underachievement and anti-social behaviour. It has been suggested that mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) may contribute to positive outcomes with child and adult populations. In this article, we aim to systematically...
CureusMay 9, 2019Ria Mehta, Kirti Sharma, Louis Potters et al.
Mindfulness is being used increasingly in various aspects of cancer management. Benefits of mindfulness practices are being observed to manage the adverse effects of treatment, symptoms from cancer progression, and the cost-effectiveness compared to conventional contemporary management strategies. In this review article, we present clinical trial data showing the benefits of mindfulness in...
So far, the large and expanding body of research on meditation has mostly focussed on the putative benefits of meditation on health and well-being. However, a growing number of reports indicate that psychologically unpleasant experiences can occur in the context of meditation practice. Very little is known about the prevalence and potential causes of these experiences. The aim of this study was...
IntroductionTo explore if a brief mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) leads to sustained, improved clinical outcomes in adolescents at-risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsParticipants were 12–17y girls with overweight/obesity, elevated depression symptoms, and T2D family history participating in a randomized, controlled pilot trial of a six-session MBI vs. cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)...
TrialsMay 6, 2019Alice Pressman, Heather Law, Robert Stahl et al.
Migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders in clinical practice and is a substantial cause of disability worldwide. Current approaches to therapy are primarily based on medication but are often limited by inadequate effectiveness and common side effects. Newer, more effective medications are expensive. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), an 8-week classroom-based...
Over the past several decades, there has been a proliferation of research on the use of mindfulness techniques that increase awareness of present-moment thoughts, feelings, and bodily sensations in the treatment of anxiety disorders. The first study of one of these approaches, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), found significant decreases in anxiety, panic, and depressive symptoms...
The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship among dispositional mindfulness, self-destruction and self-criticism in academic performance of boy students. In a descriptive-correlation study, 205 high school students from schools of Ahar city were selected by cluster sampling method. The GPA, Freiburg mindfulness inventory, The Levels of Self-Criticism Scale and Depressive...
Abstract: Activity changes in dopaminergic neurons encode the ongoing discrepancy between expected and actual value of a stimulus, providing a teaching signal for a reward prediction process. Previous work comparing a cohort of long-term Zen meditators to controls demonstrated an attenuation of reward prediction signals to appetitive reward in the striatum. Using a cross-commodity design...
Chapter 8 unpacks the modern American concept of “mindfulness.” Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn in 1979, provides a model for mindfulness-based programs (MBPs), such as Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). MBSR is nominally “secular” and supported by scientific research, yet infused at every level—concept, structure, teaching training, and graduate...
Chapter 9 assesses MindUP, Mindful Schools, and Calmer Choice as representative examples of mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) with a mission of weaving “secular mindfulness” into the fabric of public-school curricula and school culture. Public-school MBPs foreground neuroscience, while avoiding religious-sounding terms such as “Buddhism” or “meditation.” Many MBPs were developed by Buddhists or...
Mindfulness-based training has been shown to provide benefits for adults with numerous conditions such as cancer, chronic pain, and depression. However, less is known about its impact for young people. Early adolescence (typically 10-14 years) is a time fraught with challenges such as cognitive changes, social, and academic pressures in the form of exams, all of which can provoke anxiety. While...