Neuroreport
April 1, 1995
Adrienne C. Lahti, Henry H. Holcomb, Deborah R. Medoff et al.
440 citations
The non-competitive NMDA antagonist ketamine, given to schizophrenic individuals in subanesthetic doses, produced a short-lived, discrete activation of their psychotic symptoms, which had striking similarities to symptoms of their usual psychotic episodes. To further study this psychotomimetic property of ketamine, we administered 0.3 mg kg-1 of the drug to schizophrenic individuals during a...
Psychopharmacology
February 1995
T Morita, Shinichiro Hitomi, S Saito et al.
To study the effects of repeated ketamine administration on central muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchRs), ddY male mice were administered subcutaneous doses of 25 mg/kg ketamine every 3 days for a total of five times. Receptor binding assays of mAchR were carried out in the forebrain (FB), cerebellum (CB) and brainstem (BS), using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB) as a ligand. In...
Brain research. Brain research reviews
February 1, 1995
G Ellison
Phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine can induce a model psychosis in drug addicts and exacerbate the symptoms of chronic schizophrenics. The model psychoses these drugs induce mimic a variety of schizophrenic symptoms, including flattened affect, dissociative thought disorder, depersonalization and catatonic states. These symptoms can persist for prolonged periods and chronic PCP and ketamine...
Magnetic resonance imaging
1995
N G Burdett, D K Menon, T A Carpenter et al.
Autoradiographic studies have shown that low dose ketamine produces increases in regional glucose utilisation and blood flow in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and olfactory lobe in the rat brain, probably due to antagonism at the NMDA receptor. Functional MRI using deoxyhaemoglobin contrast can be used to study changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Long TE gradient-echo sequences...
Archives of General Psychiatry
March 1, 1994
John H. Krystal
3,339 citations
BACKGROUND: To characterize further behavioral, cognitive, neuroendocrine, and physiological effects of subanesthetic doses of ketamine hydrochloride in healthy human subjects. Ketamine, a phencyclidine hydrochloride derivative, is a dissociative anesthetic and a noncompetitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor. METHODS: Nineteen healthy subjects...
1994
G. P. Biral, C. Benassi, F. Lui et al.
Eye movements up to seven hours after ketamine injection were recorded in Long-Evans rats by means of a phase detection search coil apparatus. A flutter-like oculomotor pattern immediately appeared after drug administration lasting about one hour and was characterized by unidirectional slow eye movements with superimposed bursts of saccades. While saccadic dynamics was always within the normal...
Journal of Neuroscience Research
December 1, 1992
FR Sharp, M. Butman, S. Wang et al.
AbstractThe non‐competitive NMDA receptor antagonists, PCP (phencyclidine), MK801, and ketamine produce psychosis in humans and abnormal vacuoles in posterior cingulate and retrosplenial rat cortical neurons. We show that PCP (≥5 mg/kg), MK801 (≥0.1 mg/kg), and ketamine (>20 mg/kg) induce hsp70 mRNA and HSP70 heat shock protein in these vacuolated, injured neurons, and PCP also induces hsp70 in...
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
March 1, 1992
I. Øye, O. Paulsen, A. Maurset
The chiral forms of ketamine were applied as probes for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neurotransmission in humans. Both enantiomers, in clinically relevant concentrations, displaced [3H]dizocilpine (MK 801) from specific binding sites (phencyclidine sites) in membrane fractions of brain homogenates. (S)-Ketamine was at least 4 times as potent as (R)-ketamine in this respect. In healthy...
Anesthesiology
July 1, 1991
Jean-Marc Malinovsky, A. Cozian, Jean-Yves Lepage et al.
244 citations
Ketamine and midazolam can produce analgesia following intrathecal administration in rabbits. However, neurotoxicity studies are required before these agents can be considered safe for clinical use. The aim of this study was to evaluate by histologic and blood-brain barrier (BBB) studies whether ketamine or midazolam could be used as an alternative to local anesthetics or opioids to produce...
Anesthesia & Analgesia
June 1990
I M Patel, J K Chapin
The neurophysiological effects of ketamine were studied at the single-neuron level in the somatosensory cortex of unanesthetized rats behaving in a treadmill movement paradigm. Chronically implanted 25-microns microwire electrodes were used to record spontaneous discharge, sensory responses, and sensorimotor-correlated activity of single neurons before and after ketamine administration....