Brain research. Brain research reviews
May 2003
Johnalyn Lyles, Jean Lud Cadet
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) is a very popular drug of abuse. This has led to new intense concerns relevant to its nefarious neuropsychiatric effects. These adverse events might be related to the neurotoxic effects of the drug. Although the mechanisms of MDMA-induced neurotoxicity remain to be fully characterized, exposure to the drug can cause acute and long-term neurotoxic...
Brain research. Brain research reviews
June 2002
E Roy John
Consciousness combines information about attributes of the present multimodal sensory environment with relevant elements of the past. Information from each modality is continuously fractionated into distinct features, processed locally by different brain regions relatively specialized for extracting these disparate components and globally by interactions among these regions. Information is...
Brain research. Brain research reviews
March 1, 2000
T H Svensson
Clinical studies utilizing imaging techniques demonstrate that classical antipsychotic drugs, such as haloperidol, in clinically effective doses display around 75% dopamine (DA)-D(2) receptor occupancy in the brain. In contrast, the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine is even more effective at only about 45% D(2)-receptor occupancy. Yet at this D(2)-receptor occupancy classical antipsychotics...
Brain research. Brain research reviews
March 2000
G K Aghajanian, G J Marek
The serotonin (5-HT) hypothesis of schizophrenia arose from early studies on interactions between the hallucinogenic drug LSD (D-lysergic acid diethylamide) and 5-HT in peripheral systems. More recent studies have shown that the two major classes of psychedelic hallucinogens, the indoleamines (e.g., LSD) and phenethylamines (e.g. , mescaline), produce their central effects through a common...
Brain research. Brain research reviews
February 1, 1995
G Ellison
Phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine can induce a model psychosis in drug addicts and exacerbate the symptoms of chronic schizophrenics. The model psychoses these drugs induce mimic a variety of schizophrenic symptoms, including flattened affect, dissociative thought disorder, depersonalization and catatonic states. These symptoms can persist for prolonged periods and chronic PCP and ketamine...