Ketamine, an arylcyclohexylamine dissociative anesthetic agent, has evolved into a versatile therapeutic. It has a rapid-onset, well-understood cardiovascular effects and a favorable safety profile in clinical use. Its enantiomeric compound, esketamine, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2019 for both treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder with suicidal...
Ketamine and esketamine have been used in the field of psychiatry to alleviate conditions such as major depressive disorder. Our objective was to evaluate the current literature on the use of ketamine for symptoms of social withdrawal in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism-like conditions. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted to identify literature involving...
There has been limited evidence synthesis examining treatment of ketamine use disorder. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions in the management of ketamine use disorder. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from database inception to November 14, 2023, for...
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic increasingly utilized in United States medical settings for the treatment of mental health conditions. Additionally, it is increasingly used in nonmedical settings for its dissociative properties. While nonmedical ketamine use and ketamine use disorder (KUD) have been observed internationally, KUD, and approaches to its treatment, have not been previously...
In recent years, there has been a significant focus on exploring the potential therapeutic impact of altered states of consciousness on treatment outcomes for mental illness, with the goal of enhancing therapeutic strategies and patient results. This meta-analysis was designed to investigate the potential link between the psychomimetic effects of ketamine and clinical outcomes in mental health,...
Impulsive behaviours affect patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BP), increasing suicide risk and mood instability. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, has been reported to promote fast-acting antidepressive and antisuicidal effects. Magnesium administered contemporarily with low-dose NMDA antagonists has been shown to cause a reduction...
Ketamine has emerged as a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders, particularly treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although intravenous (IV) ketamine is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for TRD, esketamine, an FDA-approved therapeutic, has contributed to the widespread clinical use of off-label IV ketamine across the United States. This scoping review highlights...
Iman Attackpour Torik, Mohammad Moeini, Shahram Moghaddam et al.
preprint
Abstract Introduction: Precipitated withdrawal syndrome (POW) occurs when agonist-antagonist opioids are administered to individuals dependent on full agonist opioids. This class of drugs exerts strong antagonistic effects, is associated with mu-opioid receptor depletion, and induces severe withdrawal symptoms in affected patients. Standard management typically involves supportive care and...
Background: Intravenous ketamine and esketamine (ESK) produce rapid antidepressant action in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients, however dose response is not known. Study assessed efficacy, dose response and safety of intranasal ESK and ability to sustain response with gradual tapering of treatment frequency. Methods: In the Panel A (conducted in USA and Belgium) of this...
Abstract: A growing body of literature has demonstrated the potential for ketamine in the treatment of major depression. Sub-anesthetic doses produce rapid and sustained changes in depressive behavior, both in patients and rodent models, associated with reorganization of glutamatergic synapses in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). While ketamine is known to regulate NMDA-type glutamate receptors...