Nasal Esketamine is a rapid-acting intervention for depression, hypothesized to exert its effects through cortical disinhibition. However, the spatio-temporal dynamics of brain network activity and their relationship to the subjective drug experience following Esketamine administration remain elusive. This observational study aims to delineate brain network-level effects of Esketamine by...
Oral esketamine has relatively low and variable bioavailability, which may complicate broader use as an antidepressant. This study aimed to investigate associations between different pharmacokinetic outcomes and change in depressive symptoms following oral esketamine administration in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Understanding such associations may inform dosing and...
MedicineJuly 4, 2025İrem Ates, Esra Laloglu, Salih Kara et al.2 citations
This study compared the effects of ketamine and dexmedetomidine (Dex) on inflammation and pain in liver resection surgery. Forty-five American Society of Anesthesiologists class III patients aged 18 to 65 scheduled for liver resection surgery were randomized into 3 equal groups. The ketamine group received an intravenous ketamine bolus (0.5 mg/kg) during anesthesia induction and continuous...
Imbalances in redox and neuroinflammation are believed to play a role in the complex causes of schizophrenia, a widespread mental disorder characterized by abnormal behaviour. In this regard, we investigated the effects of geraniol, a natural compound with various medicinal uses, on ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behaviour, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in mice. We conducted three...
Psychedelic compounds such as ketamine and MDMA have shown therapeutic promise for mood and trauma-related disorders, yet their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study applied a Brain-Epigenome-Wide Association Study (BEWAS) to assess DNA methylation changes in brain-enriched genes following treatment. Pre- and post-treatment blood (ketamine, N = 20) and saliva (MDMA, N = 16) samples...
Esketamine nasal spray, administered in conjunction with an oral antidepressant, is approved for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the efficacy of esketamine nasal spray administered as monotherapy for patients with TRD has not yet been evaluated. To assess the efficacy and safety of esketamine monotherapy compared to placebo in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with TRD....
Ketamine-assisted therapy (KAT) is a novel modality that shows promise as a treatment for depression. The current study sought to add to the scarce research in the area and inform future applications of KAT for patients with treatment-resistant depression. The study used in-depth qualitative interviews (N = 12) to explore participants' perceptions of KAT, including working with therapists, the...
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a significant clinical challenge, often accompanied by polypharmacy and comorbid anxiety or trauma-related disorders. This report describes a 37-year-old male with longstanding major depressive disorder (MDD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and social anxiety disorder who demonstrated limited response to traditional pharmacologic strategies,...
Demyelination, defined as the loss of myelin sheaths around neuronal axons, is increasingly recognized as a key factor in a broad range of psychiatric and neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, autism spectrum disorder, substance use disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis....
The novel antidepressant ketamine has been shown to achieve what most classic antidepressants, such as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, have not been able to. A rapid onset of symptomatic improvement across multiple domains; mood, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation. The exact neuropsychopharmacological mechanisms of this unique phenomenon are still unknown, although many theories are...
Intranasal esketamine (ESK) is a novel therapy option in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients with a history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-response (ECT+) in the current episode have usually been excluded from previous studies. Data on the effectiveness of ESK in ECT non-responders are sparse. In this retrospective study, we investigated the effectiveness of...
This study aims to the combination of remimazolam toluene sulfonate and esketamine hydrochloride in reducing postoperative complications and improving recovery outcomes in thyroid surgery patients. One hundred twenty patients undergoing radical thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to four groups: control group (Group C) and three esketamine groups (Groups S1, S2, S3). Before peeling, groups S1,...
BMC AnesthesiologyJuly 1, 2025Yanan Wu, Yaning Yang, Xiaomei Wang et al.9 citations
Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is a common surgical complication. In this study, we investigated the effect of intraoperative esketamine infusion on the incidence of PSD in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A single-center, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was perfomed from May to August 2024 at the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui...
Postoperative acute pain is a common issue in children after surgery. Our study aimed to investigate whether preoperative use of a dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination could reduce postoperative pain in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and reduce side effects, such as bradycardia, hypotension or emergence delirium. In this double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial,...
Schizophrenia is a highly disabling psychopathology that is a significant burden on public health systems and is characterized by both positive and negative symptoms. One of these negative symptoms is social isolation, which responds poorly to available treatments. Ketamine (KET) has been shown to enhance social behavior in various preclinical models, accompanied by neurobiological changes. In...
Treatment-resistant depression is one of the most significant clinical challenges in psychiatric practice. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal esketamine on depressive symptoms in a real-world outpatient setting. A secondary objective was to explore the potential benefits of intranasal esketamine on hopelessness and suicide risk...
Dissociative states, characterized by discontinuities in awareness and perception, occur in a diverse array of psychiatric disorders and contexts. These states have been experimentally modeled in the laboratory through various induction methods, but relatively little is known about the efficacy and comparability of different experimental methods. In this meta-analysis, we quantified...
Recent evidence suggests that the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine has immune regulatory functions. The complement system is an important component of the innate immune response and plays a key role in synaptic plasticity. An increase in complement component 3 (C3) expression was previously found in the prefrontal cortex of individuals with depression. Given the complement system's role in...
Ketamine is a rapid-acting antidepressant with sexually dimorphic effects. Female animals exhibit a higher sensitivity to its antidepressant properties, which has been associated with their ovarian hormone levels. One factor contributing to this sex difference is the faster rate of ketamine metabolism observed in females, potentially regulated by estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) through modulation...
Agoutis is a medium-sized wild rodent with potential for use as an experimental model. This study aimed to evaluate physiological parameters of arrhythmogenesis in this species, by HR-ECG and VCG techniques, under physical and pharmacological containment (ketamine-xylazine and butorphanol). Eight agouti in which the physiological parameters of arrhythmogenesis were evaluated by HR-ECG and VCG...