Glutamatergic system dysfunction is associated with the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor GluN2C and GluN2D subunits in the pathophysiology of adverse juvenile experiences remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of GluN2C and GluN2D subunits in social behavior impairments in mice exposed to...
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent and debilitating disorder that occurs in 14% of women after giving birth. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of perioperative esketamine for preventing PPD in women undergoing cesarean section. We performed a systematic literature search in five medical databases - MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science on the 12th of...
While ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is effective in treating major depression, studies have not addressed the safety of repeated ketamine infusions in depressed patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD). In this study, we aimed to determine whether a history of chronic social isolation and alcohol exposure alter the reinforcing properties of ketamine in male and female rats....
Despite the clinical benefits of ketamine in treating major depressive disorder (MDD), some patients exhibit drug resistance, and the intricate mechanisms underlying this await comprehensive explication. We used metabolomics to find biomarkers for ketamine efficacy and uncover its mechanisms of action. The study included 40 MDD patients treated with ketamine in the discovery cohort and 24...
Ketamine abuse damages brain function and structure, increasing reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in the cerebral cortex, but moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) can enhance antioxidant defences and reduce apoptosis. Therefore, we aimed to answer whether MICT can reduce the side effects of chronic ketamine abuse. 24 Wistar rats were split into control (CON), ketamine abuse (KET),...
Accumulating evidence supports the efficacy of (es)ketamine in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), particularly treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Yet around 50% of the individuals with TRD do not respond to (es)ketamine. Elucidating predictors of response and remission could improve treatment outcomes at the individual level by defining subpopulations that are most likely to...
This study evaluated behavioral phenotypes and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity in a repeated sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine (KET) administered to model schizophrenia in an animal study. The animals were divided into three (3) experimental groups. The KET alone group received sub-anesthetic dose of KET (20 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days. The control group vehicle (VEH) received...
The efficacy of esketamine nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the influence of esketamine nasal spray on treatment efficacy for treatment-resistant depression. We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library...
As a heterogeneous clinical syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infection-associated inflammation with limited treatment options. Esketamine possesses antiinflammatory properties, and it is effective in treating lung diseases. This study aimed to unveil the efficacy and mechanism of esketamine in ARDS. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is widely used to induce inflammatory...
Ketamine en esketamine tonen veelbelovende resultaten bij bipolaire depressie: 40% van de patiënten reageert positief op behandeling tweemaal per week. Volledige remissie wordt bereikt bij 13%. Tijdens de intensieve behandelfase traden geen acute manische switches op, maar 30% van de patiënten ervoer een hypomane of manische episode tijdens de onderhoudsfase. De meeste episoden waren licht van...
Ketamine and esketamine show promise in bipolar depression, with 40% of patients responding to twice-weekly treatment. Full remission occurs in 13%. No immediate manic switches occurred during intensive treatment, but 30% experienced hypomania/mania during maintenance phase. Most episodes were mild. Consider involving family members in monitoring mood changes. Patients with severe mania or...
Military MedicineFebruary 27, 2025Eugene Lipov, Hunter Rolain, Troy Neufeld1 citation
Canadian Special Operation Forces Command (CANSOFCOM) operators have been extensively deployed in recent conflicts. They are at risk of trauma and blast exposure as well as the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI). Current psychotherapy and pharmacological approaches provide suboptimal resolution of PTSD and bTBI symptoms. Prior research...
A sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, produces robust antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). The mismatch negativity (MMN) is reliant on glutamatergic neurotransmission and reduced by NMDAR antagonists. The MMN may characterise the neural mechanisms underlying ketamine's effects. This study examined the...
medRxiv Preprint ServerFebruary 25, 2025J Cohen, AC Reichelt, R Zamyadi et al.1 citation
preprint
This detailed case report explores the application of ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) in the treatment of a male patient in their late 30’s with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and depressive symptoms. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine represents a significant breakthrough in the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders due to its rapid and robust...
Psychotic disorder is a significant consequence of ketamine abuse. However, the molecular mechanisms and biomarkers for this psychotic disorder and associated long-term cognitive impairment remain unclear. To investigate the behavioral changes and comprehensive gene expression alterations in mice following ketamine administration, we employed behavioral testing and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We...
Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder ranking among the top ten global disability causes. In rodents, sub-chronic or chronic ketamine treatment is used for the induction of schizophrenia. Ketamine affects the function of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the most important neurotrophin involved in the pathophysiology of different neuropsychiatric disorders. The present...
Emergency endotracheal intubation in critically ill patients are dangerous procedures with a greater risk of severe hypotension The efficacy and safety of esketamine with sympathoexcitatory effects for rapid sequence induction in critically ill patients remain unclear. In this prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial, adult patients were randomly assigned to receive either...
Esketamine represents a new class of drugs for treating mood disorders. Unlike traditional monoaminergic-based therapies, esketamine primarily targets N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR). However, esketamine is a complex drug with low affinity for NMDAR and can also bind to other targets, such as opioid receptors. Its precise mechanism of action for its antidepressant properties remains...
This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ketamine versus electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with major depressive disorder(MDD). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to November 2024. The randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of ketamine and ECT in MDD patients were...
Postoperative depression significantly affects the quality of life of breast cancer patients. This study explores the potential therapeutic effects of esketamine on postoperative depression through modulation of the TREK-1 two-pore domain potassium channel. We analyzed data from 54 female breast cancer patients who underwent surgery at our hospital between 2019 and 2023, dividing them into...