The present study examined the associations between war-related exposure, nightmares, fear, insomnia, and PTSD symptoms among university students from Western Ukraine. An online cross-sectional study was performed among 1,072 university students (80% of whom were women) during the war. Eight questions were developed to assess exposure to war, and seven items were designed regarding nightmares...
John the Carpenter's reaction to the fake stupefaction of “hende” Nicholas in The Miller's Tale provides some of the poem's more sardonic comic elements. Not only is John characterized as foolish for believing his lodger's warnings about the upcoming deluge, but his response to seeing Nicholas sat silent and agape in his bedroom—casting as he does a “nyght-spel” to ward off elves, wights, and...
The Nightmare Disorder Index Questionnaire (NDI) was developed to measure the impact of nightmares. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of NDI among Chinese adolescents. This study investigated the validity and internal consistency of the Nightmare Disorder Index Chinese (NDI-CV) among 6014 Chinese adolescents who completed the NDI-CV, Nightmare Distress...
Sleep Medicine ReviewsOctober 1, 2023Elissar El Sabbagh, Aviva N Johns, Christy E Mather et al.
The purpose of this narrative review was to describe prevalence rates of nightmares and nightmare disorder in school-aged youth according to sample characteristics and methods used to assess nightmares. We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL databases to identify empirical peer-reviewed articles and grey literature published between 2001 and 2021. Sixty-nine studies from 23 countries were...
The hypnagogic state refers to the transitional phase between wakefulness and sleep during which vivid experiences occur. In this questionnaire study, we assessed the self-reported prevalence of hypnagogic states considering the frequency of experiences in different modalities. We also assessed the emotional quality and the vividness of the experiences. Moreover, we compared hypnagogic states...
The article examines the phenomenon of lucid dreaming. The author assumes that lucid dreamers share the experiences typical of meditation practice and lucid dreaming is certainly more than becoming ‘awake’ in a dream state. Most lucid dreamers experience in lucid dreams more intense sense of presence, stillness and peace, joy, compassion and love. it is worthwhile mentioning that lucid dreaming...
All our lives, we alternate between wakefulness and sleep with direct consequences on our ability to interact with our environment, the dynamics and contents of our subjective experience, and our brain activity. Consequently, sleep has been extensively characterised in terms of behavioural, phenomenological, and physiological changes, the latter constituting the gold standard of sleep research....
Nightmares can be defined as "an unpleasant dream with anxiety and oppression". They represent a symptom possibly leading to serious psychiatric and physical consequences. It occurs to 2% to 8% of the general population. Lucid dreaming therapy (LDT) is an interesting upcoming psychotherapy for the treatment of nightmares. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of LDT in the...
Abstract This chapter describes methods for working with dreams and nightmares, provides clinical examples, and reviews research evidence of immediate and distal effects of each method. An original meta-analysis of eight studies using the cognitive experiential dream model with 514 clients showed moderate effect sizes for session depth and insight gains. In the nightmare treatment literature, a...
Responding to Molson Coors’ 2021 attempt to implant commercials into the dreams of sleeping consumers, I explore how emerging forms of “targeted dream incubation” threaten to transform sleep from a condition of economic refuge into a state of intensified exposure to “24/7” rhythms of economic engagement. More specifically, I argue that developing research in “dream engineering” shifts...
The article focuses on justifying the relevance of a phenomenological approach to the study of dreams, as well as outlining directions for such research. The author views the experience gained by a person in a dream as something that can be brought into existentia.The article illustrates that although dreams cannot be the object of reflection in real time, they become a moment of consciousness...
Lucid dreaming is a dream in which one is aware that they are dreaming while dreaming as well as being able to influence the dream. It is utilized in scientific research to explore dreaming, in clinical context to treat nightmares, and in private settings to have fun, solve problems, and to train various skills. In this paper, based on an interview with a lucid dreamer, a fascinating, yet...
In 1900 the publication of the book, Interpretation of Dreams by Sigmund Freud raised very seminal and fascinating questions in the disciplines of psychology and psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud’s intellectual contributions and the discovery of unconscious had given a big jolt to all the classical approaches, shook the disciplinary foundations of psychology and placed ‘psychoanalysis’ as an...
In this article, we closely examine the pre-Romantic artist Henry Füssli's version of The Nightmare (1781), observing how he not only accurately depicted the described and identified characteristics of the sleep disorder known as sleep paralysis, but also personified the affected sleeper's own sensations through his work. We undertake a comprehensive review of his work in order to explore the...
Zusammenfassung Das luzide Träumen ist ein einzigartiges Phänomen, bei dem sich eine Person während des Schlafs bewusst ist, dass sie träumt, und dadurch häufig ihre Handlungen während des Traums bewusst steuern kann. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet kritisch die methodischen Herausforderungen bei der Erforschung des luziden Träumens und bietet Strategien zu deren Bewältigung unter Berücksichtigung...
Recurring nightmares are a common symptom of various mental health conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and depression. Psychotherapeutic approaches have been used to treat recurring nightmares, but their relative effectiveness is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of three psychotherapeutic approaches in...
Recurrent nightmares affect up to 8% of the general population and over 50% of those with a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis [1]. Despite known associations between nightmares and negative mental health outcomes [2], little is known concerning how nightmares relate to physical health outcomes. Disruptions to sleep micro- and macro-architecture in frequent nightmare recallers [3]...
Since the discovery of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep in 1953, misconceptions have arisen as to the evidence for its adaptive function and its relation to dreams. Eye movements recorded during REM sleep have not been consistently reported to mirror the eye movements predicted by dream reports. But evidence on eye movement and somatic motor expression from patients with REM sleep behavior...
Abstract In dream research there exists a multitude of dream questionnaires and dream content analysis scales. However, many of them are either limited, not standardized or validated, or require a lot of effort. At the same time there are often divergent or even contradictory results in dream research, and comparability between different studies is often limited. Large sample sizes are rare but...
Previous research has found behaviors associated with personality traits can be found in the dreams of those who possess them, suggesting a continuum between dreaming and waking life. The present study sought to investigate the association between dark tetrad traits (psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and sadism) and dream content. One hundred thirty-seven participants completed...