Significance A metabolite of ketamine, (2 R ,6 R )-hydroxynorketamine [(2 R ,6 R )-HNK], produces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in animal models but without the side effects of ketamine. Notably, (2 R ,6 R )-HNK does not block the NMDA receptor, the primary target of ketamine. Here, we demonstrate that the antidepressant effects of (2 R ,6 R )-HNK require activity dependent release...
How is it possible, even as a literary conceit, to feel one’s free will beating in one’s blood? The immediacy and spontaneity with which this idea is posited in a literary context contrasts with the subtle and painstaking work through which one may understand how bodily feelings, in a given weather and context, may tell us something about ourselves and our possibilities for action in a given...
A Ayahuasca é um psicodélico utilizado em um contexto ritualístico e por religiões sincréticas brasileiras. Os usuários relatam experiências como aparecimento de imagens visuais com olhos fechados, indução de um estado de introspecção e reflexão, indução de memórias, desencadeamento de emoções intensas, insights sobre preocupações pessoais e cura de males físicos e psicológico. Neste contexto,...
Mindfulness meditation is increasingly incorporated into mental health interventions, and theoretical concepts associated with it have influenced basic research on psychopathology. Here, we review the current understanding of mindfulness meditation through the lens of clinical neuroscience, outlining the core capacities targeted by mindfulness meditation and mapping them onto cognitive and...
Internet, e-mail and other social networks like Myspace, Facebook, twitter, LinkedIn are the indispensable components in today's world. These social networking makes the human to addict into the digital world. Digital world has become the integral part of our society. Addiction to the digital world slowly develops the negative symptoms in the area of physical, physiological, emotional and...
New studies in end-of-life depression, OCD, resistant depression, smoking and alcohol addiction have revealed powerful effects for psilocybin These need to be replicated in major double-blind controlled studies Historical use of psychedelics that ended in the 1960s revealed they had considerable utility in a number of psychiatric conditions especially addiction and affective disorders Over the...
Psychedelics stimulate 5-HT2A receptors in the human brain This can produce profound changes in perceptions and sense of self with positive benefits on mood and wellbeing In the 1950s and 1960s psychedelics were tested in many studies as treatments for addiction and anxiety and mood disorders with considerable success These drugs were banned, since then very little research has occurred Recent...
Among several cognitive advantages, meditation is thought to enhance practitioners' capacity for sustained attention. In the present study, we explored this question by testing meditation practitioners (meditators) and nonpractitioners (nonmeditators) on a task that requires sustained attention, the Stroop Word-Color Task (SWCT), while using functional MRI. Participants were all right-handed...
Ibogaine, administered as a single oral dose (1-25 mg/kg body weight), has been used as an addiction-interrupting agent. Its effects persist for up to 72 h. Ex vivo results showed that ibogaine induced cellular energy consumption and restitution, followed by increased reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the aim of this work was to explore the effect of a...
PsychopharmacologyDecember 2018M Steffens, Claudia Neumann, A-M Kasparbauer et al.
The uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine has been proposed to model symptoms of psychosis. Inhibitory deficits in the schizophrenia spectrum have been reliably reported using the antisaccade task. Interestingly, although similar antisaccade deficits have been reported following ketamine in non-human primates, ketamine-induced deficits have not been...