Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
2019
N. Hussain, Amira S. A. Said
Chronic pain, the most common complication of diabetes, is treated with medication often to no avail. Our study aimed to compare the use of mindfulness meditation and progressive relaxation to reduce chronic pain in older females with diabetes. Methods The 105 study participants were divided randomly into 3 groups: Group MM (mindfulness meditation), Group CM (control meditation), and Group PM...
Handbook of Sleep Research
2019
Serena Scarpelli, Maurizio Gorgoni, A. D’Atri et al.
Abstract Once questioned the assumption that dreaming depends on REM sleep, subsequent studies focused on the neural correlates of dream recall (DR). Considering the indirect access to the sleep mentation, this chapter reviews the main neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological findings on DR. Compelling evidence supports the idea that shared mechanisms between sleep and...
Frontiers in Neurology
2019
Maaike M Rademaker, Inge Stegeman, Krysten E Ho-Kang-You et al.
Objectives: With this systematic review we aim to provide an overview of the evidence of the effect of Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBIs) on (1) tinnitus distress and (2) anxiety and/or depression in tinnitus patients. Methods: We conducted a systematic search in PubMed Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo combining the terms and synonyms of "Tinnitus" and "Mindfulness." The most recent search was...
Substance Use & Misuse
2019
Thomas Lyons, Veronica Y Womack, Wm Dustin Cantrell et al.
More than half of prisoners in the United States are estimated to suffer from a substance use disorder. Mindfulness involves attention to the present moment, and nonjudgmental acceptance of sensations, thoughts, and emotional states. Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) following substance use disorder treatment has been shown to reduce substance use. We sought to adapt and test MBRP for...
Behavioral Sleep Medicine
2019
Thomas E Ellis, Katrina A Rufino, Michael R Nadorff
Objectives: This study sought to assess the utility of Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) for nightmares in an inpatient psychiatric setting. Although IRT enjoys a substantial evidence base for efficacy in various populations, data with psychiatric inpatients are lacking. Participants: Participants were 20 adult psychiatric inpatients (11 male, 9 female; mean age=43.4), in an extended stay...
Sleep Science
2019
Michael Schredl, Anja S Goeritz
The diagnosis of a nightmare disorder is based on clinically significant distress caused by the nightmares, e.g., sleep or mood disturbances. In order to understand nightmare etiology better empirical research should focus on studying factors that affect nightmare distress in addition to nightmare frequency. Overall, 2492 persons (1437 woman, 1055 men) completed the online survey. Nightmare...
Neuroscience of Consciousness
2019
Erik L Meijs, Pim Mostert, Heleen A. Slagter et al.
Subjective experience can be influenced by top-down factors, such as expectations and stimulus relevance. Recently, it has been shown that expectations can enhance the likelihood that a stimulus is consciously reported, but the neural mechanisms supporting this enhancement are still unclear. We manipulated stimulus expectations within the attentional blink (AB) paradigm using letters and...
2019
Stephen Mathew
Introduction: Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing disorder that has widespread socioeconomic and health consequences. Globally, there are over 29.5 million people who are drug dependent, and New Zealand has one of the highest rates of drug use rates in the developed world. Currently, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pharmacotherapies that target psychostimulant...
Psychiatriki
2019
K Laios, P Lytsikas-Sarlis, K Manes et al.
Drugs with psychedelic, hypnotic, narcotic, analgesic, suppressive, euphoric and stimulating effects were used in various ways during the ancient times. We can classify drug use in ancient times into two main categories. On the one hand, ancient physicians prescribed drugs based on their pharmaceutical-therapeutic actions. On the other hand, people not pertaining to medicine and not relating to...
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience
2019
Evert A. Boonstra, Heleen A. Slagter
19 citations
Karl Friston's free energy minimization has been received with great enthusiasm. With good reason: it not only makes the bold claim to a unifying theory of the brain, but it is presented as an a priori principle applicable to living systems in general. In this article, we set out to show how the breadth of scope of Friston's framework converges with the dialectics of Georg Hegel. Through an...