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Oxford Scholarship Online June 21, 2018 Jérôme Dokic
Many philosophers from the traditions of both phenomenology and analytic philosophy have observed that our perceptual (e.g. visual) experience involves a certain duality. In the terminology used in this chapter, we seem to be visually aware of more than what is visually apparent to us. Such duality is present in various cases, from the perception of opaque volumetric objects to that of natural...
Scientific Reports June 18, 2018 Lukas Heydrich, Jane Elizabeth Aspell, Guillaume Marillier et al.
Prominent theories highlight the importance of bodily perception for self-consciousness, but it is currently not known whether this is based on interoceptive or exteroceptive signals or on integrated signals from these anatomically distinct systems, nor where in the brain such integration might occur. To investigate this, we measured brain activity during the recently described 'cardio-visual...
Journal of Psychopharmacology June 18, 2018 Sean B. Dolan, Ritu A. Shetty, Michael J. Forster et al. 2 citations
BACKGROUND: Substituted piperazines comprise a substantial proportion of the novel psychoactive substance market. Among the most widely abused piperazine compounds are meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), tri-fluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP), and, especially, benzylpiperazine (BZP), which are commonly incorporated, either alone or in combination, in illicit "party pills" or "ecstasy"...
University of Hertfordshire Research Archive June 15, 2018 Barbara Loi
Introduction: Over recent decades, there has been an increase in the availability and use of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) all over the world. They include several classes of chemicals that mimic the effects of illicit drugs and have been purposefully introduced into the market to circumvent or undermine the purpose of legal regulation. Currently, there is information lacking on the...
Neuroreport June 13, 2018 Bin Lian, Jinjun Xia, Xun Yang et al.
In the present study, we used a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics method to evaluate the effects of ketamine on mice hippocampi. Multivariate statistical analysis and ingenuity pathway analysis were then used to identify and explore the potential mechanisms and biofunction of ketamine. Compared with the control (CON) group, 14 differential metabolites that involved amino...
IBRO Reports June 13, 2018 Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana, Cecilia Coelho Xavier, Eduardo Mulato Do Vale et al. 10 citations
Ketamine (KET), a NMDA receptor antagonist, has been studied for its rapid and efficacious antidepressant effect, even for the treatment-resistant depression. Although depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, the treatment can be feasible, affordable and cost-effective, decreasing the population health burden. We evaluated the antidepressive-like effects of KET and its actions on...
Neuropharmacology June 5, 2018 Matthew W. Johnson, Roland R. Griffiths, Peter S. Hendricks et al. 348 citations
This review assesses the abuse potential of medically-administered psilocybin, following the structure of the 8 factors of the US Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Research suggests the potential safety and efficacy of psilocybin in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress and substance use disorders, setting the occasion for this review. A more extensive assessment of abuse potential...
ACS Chemical Neuroscience June 4, 2018 Marc Aixalà, Rafael G. Dos Santos, Jaime E. C. Hallak et al. 14 citations
In the past decade, an increasing number of clinical trials are reporting evidence that psychedelics or serotonergic hallucinogens (such as lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and ayahuasca/dimethyltryptamine) could be effective in the treatment of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. The mechanisms responsible for these effects are not fully understood but seem to involve changes in...
Personality and Individual Differences June 1, 2018 N. Schutte, J. Malouff
Abstract The traits of mindfulness and connectedness to nature may have a reciprocal relationship. Mindfulness, which consists of non-evaluative awareness, may allow individuals to feel more connected to nature, and connection to natural environments may help foster mindfulness. A number of studies have investigated the association between trait mindfulness and connectedness with nature. The...
European Journal of Neuroscience June 2018 Aurelie Fitoussi, Jordan Zunder, Huibing Tan et al.
Chronic or acute exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive compound in cannabis, has been associated with numerous neuropsychiatric side-effects, including dysregulation of emotional processing and associative memory formation. Clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that the effects of THC are due to the ability to modulate mesolimbic dopamine (DA) activity...