Objective This study investigated the macroscopic neural mechanisms of cognitive impairment after Deep Nuclei Intracerebral Hemorrhage (DNICH) from the dimensions of brain activity and brain networks, and further identified characteristic fingerprints of cognitive representation. Method Patients with cognitive impairment after DNICH and healthy controls (HC) were prospectively and consecutively...
Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently experience persistent cognitive difficulties, emotional dysregulation, and trauma-related symptoms, yet few interventions effectively address these interconnected challenges. This exploratory qualitative study examined how people with TBI perceived the effects of psychedelic use on cognition, mental health, and trauma recovery. Five...
Objective Dysfunction of the default mode network (DMN) is strongly linked to pain processing, as well as onset and progression of chronic pain disorders; however, its specific role in the pathogenesis of tension-type headache (TTH) remains incompletely understood. This study aims to explore the network homogeneity (NH) of the DMN in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying TTH. Methods...
Purpose To evaluate the association between an 8-week group Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) program and changes in professional dementia caregiver burden, perceived stress, and patient neuropsychiatric symptoms. Methods This retrospective multi-method study included 94 professional dementia caregivers at a psychiatric hospital in China (intervention: n = 48; control: n = 46). The...
Care for patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) has been transformed by advanced neurotechnologies capable of detecting cognitive-motor dissociation (CMD)-volitional brain activity in patients who appear unresponsive on bedside examination. Recent evidence suggests that up to one in four patients diagnosed with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome may harbor covert consciousness, and that...
Background Paclitaxel (PTX), a broad-spectrum anti-tumor drug, is extensively employed as a first-line chemotherapy for solid tumors, including lung and breast cancers. However, it induces chemotherapy-related pain and anxiety in over 53% of patients. S-ketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, exerts rapid antidepressant effects. In this study, we established a PTX model to examine the effects...
Disorders of Consciousness (DOC) are characterized by abnormal function or disrupted connectivity of consciousness-related neural circuits, mainly presenting as Vegetative State/Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (VS/UWS) and Minimally Conscious State (MCS), which impose a heavy burden on patients' families and society. Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) has emerged as a core research...
Frontiers in NeurologyMarch 30, 2026Jose E. Leon-Rojas, Guido Mascialino, Lizeth Vinueza Mera et al.2 citations
Subanesthetic ketamine shows rapid neuroplastic and antidepressant effects in psychiatric conditions, prompting interest in its potential relevance for cognitive dysfunction in neurological disorders. Cognitive deficits are widespread across traumatic brain injury, stroke, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases, yet treatments remain primarily compensatory. Ketamine's actions on glutamatergic...
Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and psychological problems seriously affect the quality of life and recovery of lung cancer patients. As an emerging psychological intervention method, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been widely recognized and applied in the medical field. Objectives Evaluating the effectiveness of MBSR as an intervention for postoperative cognitive...
Frontiers in NeurologyJune 25, 2025Rania Abutarboush, Usmah Kawoos, Rita de Gasperi et al.3 citations
Introduction Many Veterans who experienced blast-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in Iraq and Afghanistan currently suffer from chronic cognitive and mental health problems that include depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Male rats exposed to repetitive low-level blast develop chronic cognitive and PTSD-related behavioral traits that are present for more than 1 year...
Consciousness relies on both cortical and subcortical structures and their feedforward and feedback pathways. Within this framework, the thalamus represents a relay station enabling the transmission, reception, and integration of information. However, it is divided into several nuclear groups each composed of functionally heterogeneous nuclei, and, to date, an agreement on which nuclei are most...
This study aimed to investigate the brain's hemodynamic responses (HRO) and functional connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) in response to acute pressure pain stimulation using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Patients diagnosed with DoC underwent pressure stimulation while brain activity was measured using NIRS. Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and...
This study aimed at summarizing the clinical and neuroimaging features of patients with claustrum sign, so as to enhance the understanding of this imaging feature and explore its clinical significance. Clinical data from 20 patients with claustrum sign were collected. The clinical characteristics, neuroimaging evolution, and outcomes were analyzed. This cohort included 14 males and 6 females...
Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a neurological disorder characterized by intrusive visual symptoms and associated with dysregulation in brain networks, including the Salience Network, Default Mode Network, and thalamocortical circuits. This perspective paper examines the application of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy modified for visual symptoms (MBCT-vision) as an intervention for VSS....
To compare the characteristics of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) before and after repositioning therapy in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Fifty BPPV patients and fifty healthy controls were enrolled. Oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration changes during resting-state were recorded using fNIRS. The...
To explore the therapeutic effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction in patients with post-stroke mild depression. A total of 80 patients with mild depression after stroke received by our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Randomly divide the patients into two groups: 40 in the control group and 40 in the combination group. The control group...
IntroductionAltered functional connectivity of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) within default mode network (DMN) regions has been verified to be closely associated with cognitive decline in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but most studies neglected the fluctuations of brain activities—the dynamic effective connectivity (DEC) within DMN of T2DM is...
There are various electromagnetic (EM) field theories of consciousness. They postulate an epineural EM field which, due to its binding properties, unifies the different neuronal information differences originating from various sensory and cognitive processes. Only through a real physical integration in space within this field could phenomenal consciousness arise. This would solve the binding...
Classic psychedelics are currently re-emerging as therapeutic agents with unique clinical benefits; however, it is also important to recognize the adverse effects of this drug class. While the risk of seizures with this drug class is known, the literature is lacking in detail. We present a case of psychedelic mushroom-induced seizures in a person with refractory right temporal lobe epilepsy...
Objective The reports of the recreational use of nitrous oxide (N2O) and its related neuropathy are increasing. However, it is unclear whether specific clinical characteristics are associated with the overall neurological impairments among these individuals. Methods We retrospectively included 20 hospitalized patients with N2O-related neurological complaints between January 2016 and March 2021...
Given that the stages of sleep have specific brainwave patterns, it may be feasible to manipulate brainwaves to induce stages of sleep to improve better sleep quality. Binaural beat frequencies (BBFs) are an auditory-neurologic technique that uses auditory tones via headphones to manipulate brainwave activity in turn affecting the listener's state of consciousness. However, BBFs are often sold...
Background Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is characterized by the re-emergence of perceptual symptoms experienced during acute hallucinogen intoxication following drug cessation. The underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood. We report the clinical characteristics and investigation findings of a series of HPPD cases with a literature review of previous case reports. We...
Objective: Stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are among the leading causes of disability. Even after engaging in rehabilitation, nearly half of patients with severe TBI requiring hospitalization are left with major disability. Despite decades of investigation, pharmacologic treatment of brain injury is still a field in its infancy. Recent clinical trials have begun into the use of...
Oneiric Stupor (OS) in Agrypnia Excitata represents a peculiar condition characterized by the recurrence of stereotyped gestures such as mimicking daily-life activities associated with the reporting of a dream mentation consisting in a single oneiric scene. It arises in the context of a completely disorganized sleep structure lacking any physiological cyclic organization, thus, going beyond the...