The misuse of ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, has surged sharply in popularity across East and Southeast Asia and Oceania. This study aimed to evaluate the association between recent patterns of ketamine use and the risk of suicide in northern Taiwan. Illicit ketamine users were recruited through network-based sampling from 2015 to 2017, along with a comparison group of individuals who...
Brazilian Journal of ScienceSeptember 29, 2025Pinelopi Vlotinou, Konstantinos Christodoulou, Anna Tsiakiri et al.
Classical psychedelics encompass psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and mescaline and are psychoactive substances that primarily function as agonists at the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HT). In the immediate term, they modify perception, cognition, emotional state, social processing, and introspection, leading to a subjective mystical...
Psychedelic compounds are gaining renewed attention across disciplines for their profound psychological and neurobiological effects. Emerging research highlights their efficacy in treating mood disorders, PTSD, and addiction by enhancing neuroplasticity and disrupting maladaptive cognitive patterns. From a psychological standpoint, psychedelics facilitate introspection, emotional processing,...
Theories of consciousness depend on data, and it needs to be appropriate data, without overwhelming confounding factors. The reports of Minimal Phenomenal Experience (MPE) in [Metzinger 2024] relate to consciousness in a state purer than everyday consciousness, which may have fewer confounding factors. This essay suggests that the confounding factors, which are absent or diminished in MPE...
Ketamine has anti depressive characters and approved by (FDA) for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia, Ketamine has been incorporated into the management of psychiatric disorders, such as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) especially with suicidal ideation or attempting, and of label in management of Bipolar Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder...
The discipline of epistemology seeks to delineate the diverse forms of knowledge that inform our lives, from the concrete, embodied experiences that shape our everyday perceptions to the abstract, theoretical constructs that drive scientific inquiry. Cognitive science uniquely extends this project by exploring the human and non-human minds that afford knowing and understanding. Building on this...
Chronic pain is a pervasive and debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Traditional methods of pain management, including the use of opioids, often fall short in providing adequate relief and come with significant risks, such as dependency and tolerance. As a result, there has been growing interest in exploring alternative treatments, with ketamine emerging as a...
Advanced ScienceSeptember 25, 2025Ye Wang, Lei Liu, Jinghao Wang et al.2 citations
Current pharmacotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are limited by delayed onset and side effects. Despite ketamine exhibiting rapid relief of the core symptoms of PTSD, its clinical efficacy varies considerably depending on the timing of drug delivery. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the therapeutic effects of early (day 1) and late (day 7)...
In recent years, ketamine therapy has become increasingly entangled with psychedelic culture, leading to widespread misinterpretation of its therapeutic mechanism. This manuscript challenges the prevailing narrative that positions ketamine as a consciousness-expanding agent or psychotherapy enhancer, highlighting the discord between this view and ketamine's well-established neurobiological...
Background: In recent years, there has been a resurgence of scientific interest in psychedelics, including psilocybin, for their potential in treating neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the reward-related effects of psilocybin and its impact on behavior remain underexplored. Aims: We aimed to evaluate the potential rewarding effects of high doses of psilocybin and its effects on rat behavior....