Journal of Medical Internet Research - The Consciousness Library

At-Home Telehealth-Supported Subcutaneous Ketamine Therapy in Adults With Moderate to Severe Depression, Anxiety, or PTSD: A Real-World Observational Study of Safety, Feasibility, and Clinical Outcomes in a Large, Heterogeneous Cohort in the United States.

Journal of Medical Internet Research June 17, 2026 Acacia C Parks, Amanda L Woodward, Robert D Henry et al.

Background: Depression, anxiety,, and PTSD are leading global causes of disability. Standard interventions utilize slow mechanisms of action, high attrition, and significant accessibility barriers. While intravenous (IV) and intranasal ketamine are rapid-acting alternatives, high cost and intensive logistical requirements limit adoption. Sublingual (SL) at-home ketamine addresses some gaps but...

DOI: 10.2196/92647 Full text

Daily Stress and Heart Rate Variability Among Mindfulness Meditation Practitioners: mHealth Observational Study.

Journal of Medical Internet Research May 29, 2026 Jo Takezawa, Shixian Geng, Masahiro Fujino et al.

Mindfulness meditation has been reported to reduce stress and enhance well-being. However, its effects on heart rate variability (HRV)-a physiological marker of stress-remain underexplored. This study aimed to examine how meditation practice is associated with subjective stress, HRV, and their interaction, using mobile health technologies. This 3-week observational study included 90...

DOI: 10.2196/78244 Full text Experience sampling method Heart rate variability Mindfulness meditation Smartwatch +1

Fusing Specialized Surveys of Rare Populations to Larger Surveys for Generalized Inference: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Journal of Medical Internet Research April 27, 2026 Karilynn M Rockhill, Elizabeth A Bemis, Nicole Schow et al. 2 citations

Mainstays of pharmacoepidemiology are large, representative, behavioral surveys, which focus on many drugs with few detailed behaviors. Smaller, targeted studies measure drug-specific patterns but without explicit generalizability assumptions; the evidence generated is narrow. In this cross-sectional survey study, we outline an estimation framework based on data fusion and combine two surveys:...

DOI: 10.2196/86059 Full text LSD MDMA Lysergic acid diethylamide Methylenedioxymethamphetamine +6

Effects of Self-Compassion and Mindfulness Interventions on Mental Health and Work-Related Outcomes Among Japanese Workers: Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Medical Internet Research February 10, 2026 Takumu Kurosawa, Koichiro Adachi, Ryu Takizawa

Background: Mental health problems among workers are a significant global concern, leading to substantial economic losses, particularly due to presenteeism. While mindfulness and self-compassion practices have shown promise in improving psychological well-being and occupational outcomes, traditional interventions often require a high time commitment. Low-intensity digital interventions remain...

DOI: 10.2196/79991 Mindfulness Randomized controlled trial Mental health Psychological intervention +4

Engagement With Meditation Apps: Cross-Sectional Survey of Use and Associations.

Journal of Medical Internet Research February 2, 2026 Julia Adams, Jonathan N. Davies, Prai Wattanatakulchat et al.

Meditation apps are increasingly popular, yet there is limited understanding of how much users actually engage with them. While meditation apps show promise for supporting mental health, engagement in real-world settings appears to be notably low. The patterns of app use and the factors that influence usage remain relatively unclear. This study aims to examine the extent of meditation app use...

DOI: 10.2196/71960 Full text Mindfulness Behavior change Engagement Meditation apps

Effects of an 8-Week App-Based Mindfulness Intervention on Mental Health in Working Women: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research February 2, 2026 Riko Uwagawa, Koichiro Adachi, Mariko Shimoda et al.

Although working women experience increased work-related stress, preventive interventions to reduce its negative effects on their mental health are insufficient. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an 8-week mindfulness-based self-help intervention via a smartphone app across 4 domains (general psychological, work-related, family-related, and work-to-conflict) among working women. This...

DOI: 10.2196/62814 Full text Mindfulness Applications Health promotion Interventions +8

Online Availability of Diamond Shruumz Before and After FDA Recall Initiation: Qualitative Assessment and Simulated Test Purchasing.

Journal of Medical Internet Research June 30, 2025 Tim Mackey, Matthew Nali, Meng Zhen Larsen et al. 1 citation

Reports of hospitalization associated with Diamond Shruumz-branded mushroom-containing products in October 2024 led to a manufacturer's recall that restricted the sale, distribution, and accessibility of this new and emerging psychoactive product. This study seeks to assess the continuing online availability of a mushroom-containing edible product in a diverse e-commerce landscape, specifically...

DOI: 10.2196/64820 Full text E-commerce Online monitoring Online surveillance Psychedelics +22

Correction: Effectiveness of Neurofeedback-Assisted and Conventional 6-Week Web-Based Mindfulness Interventions on Mental Health of Chinese Nursing Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research June 2, 2025 Shu Jing, Zhenwei Dai, Xiaoyang Liu et al. 1 citation correction

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/71741.].

DOI: 10.2196/78147 Full text Mental health Mindfulness meditation Neurofeedback Student wellness +1

Effectiveness of Neurofeedback-Assisted and Conventional 6-Week Web-Based Mindfulness Interventions on Mental Health of Chinese Nursing Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research May 23, 2025 Shu Jing, Zhenwei Dai, Xiaoyang Liu et al. 5 citations

Nursing students experience disproportionately high rates of mental health challenges, underscoring the urgent need for innovative, scalable interventions. Web-based mindfulness programs, and more recently, neurofeedback-enhanced approaches, present potentially promising avenues for addressing this critical issue. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of the neurofeedback-assisted...

DOI: 10.2196/71741 Full text Anxiety Depression Online mindfulness Randomized controlled trial +15

Effectiveness and Mechanisms of a Digital Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Subthreshold to Clinical Insomnia Symptoms in Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research May 5, 2025 Juan Wang, Qiuhong Yang, Naixue Cui et al. 6 citations

Prenatal insomnia symptoms are prevalent, debilitating, and largely untreated; yet, there is a lack of empirically supported and accessible interventions. Mindfulness-based interventions have been theoretically hypothesized to alleviate insomnia symptoms by counteracting adverse sleep-related cognitive and behavioral processes, although few studies have tested them. This study aimed to examine...

DOI: 10.2196/68084 Full text Digital interventions Mechanisms of change Mindfulness-based interventions Pregnant women +3

Consumer-Grade Neurofeedback With Mindfulness Meditation: Meta-Analysis.

Journal of Medical Internet Research April 17, 2025 Isaac N Treves, Zia Bajwa, Keara D Greene et al. 8 citations

There is burgeoning interest in the application of neuroscientific technology to facilitate meditation and lead to beneficial psychological outcomes. One popular approach is using consumer-grade neurofeedback devices to deliver feedback on brain targets during meditation (mindfulness-based neurofeedback). It is hypothesized that optimizing brain targets like alpha and theta band activity may...

DOI: 10.2196/68204 Full text Meditation Mindfulness Muse Cognition +9

Improving Maternal Mental Health and Weight Control With a Mindfulness Blended Care Approach: Insights From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research February 24, 2025 Kathrin Hassdenteufel, Mitho Müller, Harald Abele et al. 1 citation

Perinatal maternal mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, are highly prevalent during pregnancy and post partum. Electronic mindfulness-based interventions (eMBIs) are a promising treatment option, which can be provided in a low-threshold, cost-effective manner. However, research underscores the fact that face-to-face coaching sessions are more effective than solely digital...

DOI: 10.2196/56230 Full text Anxiety Depression Digital intervention Effectiveness +11

Effectiveness of an Internet-Based, Self-Guided, Short-Term Mindfulness Training (ISSMT) Program for Relieving Depressive Symptoms in the Adult Population in China: Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research February 13, 2025 Tingfei Zhu, Liuyi Zhang, Wenqi Weng et al. 4 citations

Depression is a significant global public health issue, and in China, access to mental health services remains limited despite high demand. Research has shown that mindfulness can effectively alleviate depressive symptoms and that telehealth solutions offer a promising avenue for addressing this service gap. Despite this potential, there are currently few studies in China focusing on short-term...

DOI: 10.2196/55583 Full text Depression Mindfulness Internet-based Randomized controlled trial +2

Development and Evaluation of a Mindfulness-Based Mobile Intervention for Perinatal Mental Health: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research January 17, 2025 Sehwan Park, Hee Young Cho, Jin Young Park et al. 11 citations

Perinatal mental health problems, such as anxiety, stress, and depression, warrant particularly close monitoring and intervention, but they are often unaddressed in both obstetric and psychiatric clinics, with limited accessibility and treatment resources. Mobile health interventions may provide an effective and more accessible solution for addressing perinatal mental health. Development and...

DOI: 10.2196/56601 Full text Anxiety Depression Mindfulness Mobile health care +2

Examining the Use of Virtual Reality to Support Mindfulness Skills Practice in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Mixed Methods Study.

Journal of Medical Internet Research December 6, 2024 Rebecca Blackmore, Claudia Giles, Hailey Tremain et al. 23 citations

Virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as a technology to support mindfulness practice through promoting increased engagement and presence. The proposed benefits of this technology have been largely unexamined with clinical populations. Further research is required to understand its clinical potential and utility in improving and managing mental health symptoms. This study aims to investigate...

DOI: 10.2196/45640 Full text Depression Mindfulness Anxiety disorders Bipolar disorder +2

Effectiveness of Web-Based Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Patients With Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.

Journal of Medical Internet Research June 25, 2024 Ting Wang, Chulei Tang, Xiaoman Jiang et al. 15 citations

Cancer has emerged as a considerable global health concern, contributing substantially to both morbidity and mortality. Recognizing the urgent need to enhance the overall well-being and quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients, a growing number of researchers have started using online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in oncology. However, the effectiveness and optimal implementation...

DOI: 10.2196/47704 Full text Adherence Cancer Delivery mode Efficacy +10

Mobile-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention on Anxiety Level Among College Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research March 8, 2024 Yu Gao, Lu Shi, Ning Fu et al. 11 citations

College athletes are a group often affected by anxiety. Few interventional studies have been conducted to address the anxiety issues in this population. We conducted a mobile-delivered mindfulness intervention among college athletes to study its feasibility and efficacy in lowering their anxiety level and improving their mindfulness (measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire [FFMQ])....

DOI: 10.2196/40406 Full text Anxiety Meditation Mindfulness Athletes +14

A Social Media-Based Mindfulness Psycho-Behavioral Intervention (MCARE) for Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of Medical Internet Research February 20, 2024 Huijing Zou, Sek Ying Chair, Bilong Feng et al. 15 citations

Psychological distress is common among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and has considerable adverse impacts on disease progression and health outcomes. Mindfulness-based intervention is a promising complementary approach to address patients' psychological needs and promote holistic well-being. This study aims to examine the effects of a social media-based mindfulness...

DOI: 10.2196/48557 Full text Anxiety Depression Acute coronary syndrome Cardiac rehabilitation +5

A Digital Music-Based Mindfulness Intervention ("healing attempt") for Race-Based Anxiety in Black Americans.

Journal of Medical Internet Research October 12, 2023 Grant Jones, Franchesca Castro-Ramirez, Taylor Mcguire et al. 3 citations

This study replicates and extends findings that "healing attempt"-a brief digital music-based mindfulness intervention-represents a feasible and potentially effective intervention for race-based anxiety in the Black community.

DOI: 10.2196/51320 Full text Anxiety Meditation Mindfulness Black community +12

Experiences of Using Digital Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Rapid Scoping Review and Thematic Synthesis.

Journal of Medical Internet Research September 28, 2023 Emma Louise Osborne, Ben Ainsworth, Nic Hooper et al. 28 citations

Digital mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are a promising approach to deliver accessible and scalable mindfulness training and have been shown to improve a range of health outcomes. However, the success of digital MBIs is reliant on adequate engagement, which remains a crucial challenge. Understanding people's experiences of using digital MBIs and identifying the core factors that...

DOI: 10.2196/44220 Full text Mindfulness Digital intervention Dropout Ehealth +8

The Effects of Dose, Practice Habits, and Objects of Focus on Digital Meditation Effectiveness and Adherence: Longitudinal Study of 280,000 Digital Meditation Sessions Across 103 Countries.

Journal of Medical Internet Research September 19, 2023 Micah Cearns, Scott R Clark

The efficacy of digital meditation is well established. However, the extent to which the benefits remain after 12 weeks in real-world settings remains unknown. Additionally, findings related to dosage and practice habits have been mixed, and the studies were conducted on small and homogeneous samples and used a limited range of analytical procedures and meditation techniques. Findings related...

DOI: 10.2196/43358 Full text Digital health intervention Digital meditation Ecological memory assessment Healthy lifestyle +7

Engagement Strategies to Improve Adherence and Retention in Web-Based Mindfulness Programs: Systematic Review

Journal of Medical Internet Research August 28, 2023 Natalie Winter, Lahiru Russell, Anna Ugalde et al.

BackgroundWeb-based mindfulness programs may be beneficial in improving the well-being outcomes of those living with chronic illnesses. Adherence to programs is a key indicator in improving outcomes; however, with the digitization of programs, it is necessary to enhance engagement and encourage people to return to digital health platforms. More information is needed on how engagement strategies...

DOI: 10.2196/30026 Full text

Delivering Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Insomnia, Pain, and Dysfunctional Eating Through a Text Messaging App: Three Randomized Controlled Trials Investigating the Effectiveness and Mediating Mechanisms

Journal of Medical Internet Research August 28, 2023 Amanda CM Li, Keith KL Wong, Floria HN Chio et al.

BackgroundAlthough text messaging has the potential to be the core intervention modality, it is often used as an adjunct only. To improve health and alleviate the distress related to insomnia, pain, and dysregulated eating of people living in urban areas, text messaging–based mindfulness-based interventions were designed and evaluated in 3 randomized controlled trials. ObjectiveThis study...

DOI: 10.2196/30073 Full text

Personalized Prediction of Response to Smartphone-Delivered Meditation Training: Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Medical Internet Research September 26, 2022 Christian A. Webb, Matthew J. Hirshberg, Richard J. Davidson et al. 26 citations

BACKGROUND: Meditation apps have surged in popularity in recent years, with an increasing number of individuals turning to these apps to cope with stress, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meditation apps are the most commonly used mental health apps for depression and anxiety. However, little is known about who is well suited to these apps. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and test...

DOI: 10.2196/41566 Meditation Anxiety Randomized controlled trial Mhealth +6

Effects of Mobile Mindfulness Meditation on the Mental Health of University Students: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Journal of Medical Internet Research April 29, 2022 Bin Chen, Ting Yang, Lei Xiao et al.

Background Mobile mindfulness meditation (MMM) is a mindfulness meditation intervention implemented using mobile devices such as smartphones and apps. MMM has been used to help manage the mental health of university students. Objective This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of MMM on the mental health of university students in the areas of stress, anxiety, depression, mindfulness,...

DOI: 10.2196/39128 Full text

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