Rationale: The psychedelic effects of the traditional Amazonian botanical decoction known as ayahuasca are often attributed to agonism at brain serotonin 5-HT2A receptors by N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). To reduce first pass metabolism of oral DMT, ayahuasca preparations additionally contain reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitors, namely β-carboline alkaloids such as harmine....
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the results of all meta-analyses on anomalous cognition conducted between 1989 and 2021 in order to find moderators associated with greater effect sizes. Method: We included all meta-analyses of studies related to anomalous cognition published up to 2021. Results: Our dataset, accumulated over more than 80 years of investigation, refers to 11...
Scientific ReportsDecember 29, 2022Chanki Park, Inchan Youn, Sungmin Han
We propose a single-lead ECG-based heart rate variability (HRV) analysis algorithm to quantify autonomic nervous system activity during meditation. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) induced by breathing is a dominant component of HRV, but its frequency depends on an individual's breathing speed. To address this RSA issue, we designed a novel HRV tachogram decomposition algorithm and new HRV...
Research SquareDecember 29, 2022Barkha J. Yadav-Samudrala, Ben L. Gorman, Hailey Dodson et al.1 citation
preprint
Abstract Cannabis use is highly prevalent especially among people living with HIV (PLWH). Activation of the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective endocannabinoid system by phytocannabinoids, i.e. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), has been proposed to reduce HIV symptoms. However, THC’s effects on HIV-associated cognitive impairments are unclear. Using HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice, the current study...
Mood-altering compounds hold promise for the treatment of many psychiatric disorders, such as depression, but connecting their molecular, circuit, and behavioral effects has been challenging. Here we find that, analogous to effects in rodent learned helplessness models, ketamine pre-exposure persistently suppresses futility-induced passivity in larval zebrafish. While antidepressants are...
Stress contributes to the development and maintenance of obesity. Mindfulness-based therapies are being used to reduce stress and promote weight reduction and maintenance. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for stress and weight reduction in the short, medium, and long term. Searches on PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, WOS, and Science Direct were...
Neurology BulletinDecember 24, 2022Vladimir D. Mendelevich, Veronika N. Konovalova, Galya M. Galiullina et al.
The article describes the case of Daria D., 23 years old, who has been using various drugs (LSD, marijuana, mephedrone) for a number of years and independently abandoned using drags with the transition to the use of microdoses of red fly agaric (Amanita Muskaria). Her mental and addictive status is analyzed. It is concluded that, despite the systematic use of drugs, there are no grounds for...
The mid-twentieth century was celebrated in Theravāda civilizations as the halfway point in the five-thousand-year history of the Buddha’s dispensation, the sāsana. Around this time in Burma, fierce debates arose concerning the re-establishment of the extinct order of Theravāda nuns. While women were understood as having a crucial role in supporting and maintaining the sāsana, without a...
Trauma can result in many long-term symptoms including emotional dysregulation, depression, addiction, and PTSD. When triggered by trauma, patients typically experience the world through a myopic lens. Helping clients observe and sense their trauma sequelae in the broader sensory awareness of Presence appears to help clients more easily process and resolve traumatic experience. The Presence...
ChildrenDecember 22, 2022Saral R. Desai, Vidisha Jain, Sona Xavier et al.
(1) Objectives: Hallucinogens are being explored as a potential treatment of psychiatric disorders. Micro dosing of illicitly purchased hallucinogen drugs is on the rise despite conclusive benefits. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and odds of hopelessness, suicidality, and co-occurring substance use among adolescent hallucinogen users. (2) Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of...