Embodied cognition-the idea that mental states and processes should be understood in relation to one's bodily constitution and interactions with the world-remains a controversial topic within cognitive science. Recently, however, increasing interest in predictive processing theories among proponents and critics of embodiment alike has raised hopes of a reconciliation. This article sets out to...
of Votes 2020). Along with acknowledging that providing treatment for addiction is more beneficial than criminal charges, Measure 110 directed the state, through OHA, to create a statewide network of addiction recovery centers, providing ample grant funding to existing providers to do so
The motivational force of pain is undeniable. But what pain commands us to do, how we might satisfy this command, and if our experience of pain is inherently linked to suffering are far murkier topics. This paper brings together empirical studies of pain reprocessing during advanced meditation, the rise of allostatic paradigms to account for biological self-regulation, and the philosophy of...
Complexity in biology typically has less complex evolutionary antecedents which, for consciousness, begs the question of how a fully elaborated and unified consciousness, as we experience it, would have been scaled up from what we can assume to have been simpler, or at least different, beginnings. This poses difficulties for some theories, but is much simplified if the contents of consciousness...
Despite the availability of many treatment options, several individuals with bipolar disorders experience persistent symptoms, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in repurposing drugs of abuse, such as stimulants, ketamine, and psychedelics, for the treatment of bipolar disorders. While some of these drugs have...
Psychedelics are psychoactive substances that cause changes in perception, state of consciousness, mood and numerous cognitive processes. The best known are lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), psilocybin and mescaline. The main mechanism of action of psychedelics is agonism towards serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. In the middle of the 20th century, interest in the use of...
Individuals with addiction, anxiety, depression, existential distress, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), have experienced rapid and long-lasting relief of debilitating symptoms after ingestion of psychedelics.After experiencing treatment resistance or dropout, patients experienced success with psychedelics they had not with prescribed medicine.The Netherlands (NL) and the United States...
Psychoactive substances, known for their acute impact on perception and cognition, are gaining attention for their potential therapeutic applications. Many of these substances are plant-derived with deep-rooted histories of use in non-medical contexts, where they have been viewed as either tools for social cohesion or sources of discord, depending on cultural and societal contexts. This review...
Psilocybin is an alkaloid known for its psychedelic effects by activating serotonin receptors and there is growing interest in using psilocybin to treat mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, which are not fully understood and difficult to treat with conventional medications. This research aims to review the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies on the use of psilocybin for...
Although psychedelics were banned from medical research for about fifty years, recent early-phase studies indicate they may offer unique therapeutic benefits for various mental health and substance use disorders. When effective, psychedelic experiences often involve phenomena not typically observed in other medical or psychiatric interventions, such as a diminished sense of self-importance,...