Psychiatry Research
June 1, 2025
Flávia Vieira, Ana Teresa Caliman-Fontes, Breno Souza-Marques et al.
Assessment measures for suicidal behavior range from depression scales to longer suicide-specific instruments. In this review, we systematically summarize and discuss the currently used instruments for assessing suicidal behavior in the context of ketamine and its enantiomers. We searched Medline/PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases for ketamine (and its enantiomers) human studies exploring...
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
May 27, 2025
Mariana V F Echegaray, Rodrigo P Mello, Guilherme M. Magnavita et al.
11 citations
Abstract Objective Ketamine and esketamine have both shown significant antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and conflicting evidence suggests that dissociation induced by these drugs could be a clinical predictor of esketamine/ketamine's efficacy. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of data from a two-center, randomized, controlled trial. Participants were...
Bipolar Disorder
2025
Breno Souza-Marques, Ana Teresa Caliman-Fontes, Gustavo C. Leal et al.
Despite the availability of many treatment options, several individuals with bipolar disorders experience persistent symptoms, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in repurposing drugs of abuse, such as stimulants, ketamine, and psychedelics, for the treatment of bipolar disorders. While some of these drugs have...
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
December 16, 2024
Gustavo C. Leal, Isabel Lima-Araújo, David G Roiter et al.
7 citations
Arketamine (R-ketamine), an enantiomer of ketamine, has historically been less studied than esketamine (S-ketamine) and the racemic mixture. Recent preclinical studies suggest that arketamine may offer prolonged antidepressant effects and a superior safety profile. This scoping review aims to assess and synthesise existing literature on the clinical use of arketamine in humans. This review...
Schizophrenia Research
September 1, 2024
Ana Teresa Caliman-Fontes, Flávia Vieira, Gustavo C. Leal et al.
7 citations
Catatonia, documented since the 19th century, remains a significant challenge in terms of recognition and treatment. Over the last two decades, ketamine has brought new perspectives to psychiatry, sparking widespread interest. Concurrently, catatonia has attracted heightened scientific attention. Preliminary evidence suggests the therapeutic potential of ketamine for catatonia. We...
Journal of Psychiatric Research
August 1, 2023
Igor D. Bandeira, Gustavo C. Leal, Fernanda S. Correia-Melo et al.
There are significantly fewer options for the treatment of bipolar depression than major depressive disorder, with an urgent need for alternative therapies. In this pilot study, we treated six subjects with bipolar disorder types I and II (according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria) who had been in a current depressive episode for at...
Journal of Affective Disorders
June 1, 2023
Gustavo C. Leal, Breno Souza-Marques, Rodrigo P Mello et al.
Racemic ketamine is a mixture of (R)-ketamine (arketamine) and (S)-ketamine (esketamine), with the latter regarded as the main isomer for antidepressant effects. However, preclinical data and one open-label human trial suggest arketamine might exert a more potent and longer-lasting antidepressant effect with fewer side effects. We aimed to explore the feasibility of a randomized controlled...