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May 1, 2026
Bridget Xu, Cassandra Carrasco, Yi‐Wen Chen et al.
ABSTRACT Anorexia nervosa is a deadly eating disorder marked by extreme food restriction, compulsive exercise, and severe weight loss. In a prior study using the activity‐based anorexia (ABA) animal model of anorexia nervosa, 30 mg/kg, but not 3 mg/kg, of ketamine reduced relapse vulnerability, measured as increased food intake, increased body weight (BW), and reduced excessive wheel running,...
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June 3, 2011
Michael W. McLane, Una D. Mccann, George A. Ricaurte
11 citations
A number of published studies have questioned the serotonin neurotoxic potential of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") and related drugs (fenfluramine, p-chloroamphetamine) based upon results from Western blot studies using a custom synthesized serotonin transporter (SERT) antibody that found no reduction in the abundance of a 50kDa protein after substituted amphetamine...
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October 8, 2010
Charles V. Vorhees, Elizabeth He, Matthew R. Skelton et al.
(+)‐Methamphetamine (MA), (±)‐3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), (+)‐amphetamine (AMPH), and (±)‐fenfluramine (FEN) are phenylethylamines with CNS effects. At higher doses, each induces protracted reductions in brain dopamine (DA) and/or serotonin. Chronic MA and MDMA users show persistent monoamine reductions and cognitive impairments. In rats, similar neurochemical effects can be...
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June 1, 2010
Repeated intermittent methylenedioxymethamphetamine exposure protects against the behavioral and neurotoxic, but not hyperthermic, effects of an MDMA binge in adult rats.
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December 22, 2009
Ainhoa Plaza‐zabala, Fernando Berrendero, Juan Suárez et al.
3 citations
Abstract MDMA (3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is an amphetamine derivative widely used for recreational purposes. We have recently shown that repeated treatment with high doses of MDMA‐induced impairments in the acquisition and recall of an active avoidance task in mice. In this study, we examined whether the endogenous peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α (PPAR‐α) agonist,...
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October 25, 2007
Noelia Granado, Isabel Escobedo, Esther O’shea et al.
59 citations
Abstract The amphetamine analogue 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “Ecstasy”) is a popular drug of abuse which causes different neurotoxic effects in the mouse compared with the rat. In mice, MDMA produces damage to striatal dopamine terminals, having little long‐term effects on serotonin (5‐HT) containing neurons. A relevant feature of the striatum is its striosome/matrix...
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April 5, 2007
Paul Cumming, Mette Møller, Kjeld Benda et al.
28 citations
Abstract The psychostimulant 3,4‐methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”) evokes degeneration of telencephalic serotonin innervations in rodents, nonhuman primates, and human recreational drug users. However, there has been no alternative to nonhuman primates for studies of the cognitive and neurochemical consequences of serotonin depletion in a large‐bodied animal. Therefore, we used...
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2005
Luciano Minuzzi, George G. Nomikos, Mark Wade et al.
25 citations
The psychoactive properties of the hallucinogen LSD have frequently been attributed to high affinity interactions with serotonin 5HT2 receptors in brain. Possible effects of LSD on dopamine D2/3 receptor availability have not previously been investigated in living brain. Therefore, we used PET to map the binding potential (pB) of [11C]raclopride in brain of three pigs, first in a baseline...
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July 14, 2004
Xiaoying Wang, Michael H. Baumann, Heng Xu et al.
101 citations
Abstract Previous experiments conducted in this laboratory showed that administration of high‐dose D‐fenfluramine (D‐FEN) and p‐chloroamphetamine (PCA) decreased 5‐HT transporter (SERT) binding and tissue 5‐HT by 30–60% in caudate and whole brain tissue 2 days and 2 weeks after drug administration. However, protein expression as determined by Western blot analysis did not change in either...
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July 14, 2004
Pedro Rosa‐neto, Albert Gjedde, Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup et al.
39 citations
Abstract Positron emission tomography (PET) studies with radiolabeled dopamine D 2 ‐like receptor ligands reveal d ‐amphetamine‐evoked increases in the competition from endogenous dopamine. However, the corresponding effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”), which releases catecholamines and also serotonin, are unknown. Using PET, we measured the binding potentials ( pB s) of...
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September 5, 2002
Liesbeth Reneman, Jan Booij, Jan B. A. Habraken et al.
33 citations
Abstract Recent [ 123 I]β‐CIT single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies revealed decreased serotonin transporters (SERT) density in the brain of humans with a history of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) use. However, [ 123 I]β‐CIT SPECT has until now not been validated as a method for detecting such serotonergic lesions. Therefore, the present study was undertaken. Following baseline [ 123...
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2001
Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Bryan K. Yamamoto, Gary A. Gudelsky
97 citations
MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity has been proposed to involve oxidative stress due to increased formation of hydroxyl radicals. Recently, MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity has been shown to be accompanied by a suppression of behavioral and neurochemical responses to a subsequent injection of MDMA. The intent of the present study was to examine whether suppression of the MDMA-induced formation of...
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2001
Francesco Fornai, Filippo Sean Giorgi, Marco Gesi et al.
54 citations
Previous studies reported that drugs acting as monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitors prevented biochemical effects induced by the neurotoxins N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"). In this study, we administered DSP-4 (50 mg/kg) or MDMA (50 mg/kg x 2, 2 h apart) to MAO-B deficient mice. Monoamine content in various brain...
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April 27, 2000
Mahmoud M. Iravani, Daniel Asari, Jyoti C. Patel et al.
56 citations
We examined the effects of pressure ejected 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) from a micropipette on direct chemically stimulated release, and on electrically stimulated serotonin (5-HT) or dopamine (DA) release in the caudate putamen (CPu), nucleus accumbens (NAc), substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), and the dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) brain slices of rat, using fast cyclic...
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February 1, 2000
Bryan Horan, Eliot L. Gardner, Charles R. Ashby
50 citations
In this study, we measured conditioned place preference (CPP) responses to cocaine following subchronic administration of the recreationally abused drug (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were given either vehicle (1 ml/kg of distilled water, s.c.) or MDMA (20 mg/kg, s.c.) twice a day for 4 consecutive days. Two weeks later, CPP...
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2000
Richard B Rothman, Michael H. Baumann, Christina M Dersch et al.
933 citations
A large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that mesolimbic dopamine (DA) mediates, in animal models, the reinforcing effects of central nervous system stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine. The role DA plays in mediating amphetamine-type subjective effects of stimulants in humans remains to be established. Both amphetamine and cocaine increase norepinephrine (NE) via stimulation of...
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June 1, 1998
Ursula Scheffel, Zsolt Szabó, William B. Mathews et al.
146 citations
The present study evaluated short- and long-term effects of MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) in the baboon brain using PET and [11C](+)McN 5652, a potent 5-HT transporter ligand, as well as [11C]RTI-55, a cocaine derivative which labels both 5-HT and dopamine transporters. Following baseline PET scans with [11C](+)McN5652, [11C](-)McN5652 (the inactive enantiomer of the active...
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May 1, 1996
Andrew N. Gifford, Yoshio Minabe, Alon Toor et al.
7 citations
Extracellular single cell recording was used to examine the effect of intravenous administration of (-), (+), and (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on A10 dopamine (DA) neurons in chloral hydrate anesthetized male rats. Both (+/-)-MDMA and (+)-MDMA inhibited the firing rate of most (79%) A10 DA cells. By contrast, (-)-MDMA induced either no effect or a slight increase in the firing...
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October 1, 1995
Jean Lud Cadet, Bruce Ladenheim, Hiroshi Hirata et al.
81 citations
Abstract The subacute and long‐term biochemical effects of methylenedioxymeth‐amphetamine (MDMA) were assessed in homozygous and heterozygous transgenic (Tg) mice that carry the complete sequence of the human copper‐zinc (CuZn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene. Non‐transgenic (Non‐Tg) mice showed significant decreased in striatal dopamine (DA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels both...
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February 1, 1993
Jennifer C. Garratt, Meenakshi Alreja, George K. Aghajanian
46 citations
Abstract The effects of LSD (d‐lysergic acid diethylamide) on rat facial motoneurons were compared to those of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) in brain slices by means of current clamp and single‐electrode voltage‐clamp recordings. As previously reported, 5‐HT, in part by decreasing a resting potassium conductance, produced a reversible depolarization (∼5 mV), an increase in input resistance, and an...
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February 1, 1993
Edward D. French, Anna Mura, Ting Wang
AbstractExtracellular single‐unit recordings were used to assess the effects of PCP and PCP‐like drugs (MK‐801 and TCP) on the burst firing of ventral tegmental A10 dopamine neurons in the rat. The effects of these noncompetitive N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists were compared to the potent and competitive NMDA antagonists CGS 19755 and (±)CPP, and to BTCP, a PCP‐derivative...
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August 1, 1991
George Battaglia, John Sharkey, Michael J. Kuhar et al.
113 citations
Abstract The Widely abused “designer” durg MDMA (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine) has been shown to caused marked and long‐lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. The present study uses quantitative in vitro autoradiography of 3 H‐paroxetine labeled 5‐HT uptake sites to assess the time‐dependent effects of MDMA on 5‐HT neurons in specific neuroanatomic loci. Following treatment with...
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1988
Patricia C. Contreras, Margarita L. Contreras, Thomas L. O'donohue et al.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the binding and behavioral effects mediated by PCP and sigma receptors in the rat. From the radioreceptor assays, it was possible to characterize two binding sites that interact with PCP and sigma ligands. The two sites, a PCP and sigma receptor, could be differentiated based on drug selectivity and potency. In the behavioral assays, MK‐801,...
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1987
Pierre Blier, Claude de Montigny
428 citations
Abstract The sustained administration of the 5‐HT 1A agonist gepirone (15 mg/kg/day, s.c.) in the rat produced an initial decrease of the firing activity of dorsal raphe 5‐HT neurons which was followed by a progressive recovery to normal after 14 days of treatment. At this point in time, the effect of intravenous lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the firing activity of 5‐HT neurons was...
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1987
Dean F. Wong, John R. Lever, Paul R. Hartig et al.
93 citations
Abstract N1‐([ 11 C]‐Methyl)‐2‐Br‐LSD ([ 11 C]‐MBL) has been developed as a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent for serotonin 5‐HT 2 receptors. In vitro receptor binding assays with nonradioactive MBL show high‐affinity binding to serotonin 5‐HT 2 receptors (K i = 0.5 nM), a secondary interaction of 8‐fold lower affinity with dopamine D 2 receptors, and low‐affinity interactions...