Mindfulness
May 24, 2023
E. Garland, Bhanuteja Gullapalli, Kort C. Prince et al.
The opioid crisis in the USA remains severe during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has reduced access to evidence-based interventions. This Stage 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessed the preliminary efficacy of Zoom-based Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) plus Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention (JITAI) prompts to practice mindfulness triggered by wearable sensors (MORE +...
Behaviour Research and Therapy
February 28, 2022
Anna Parisi, Adam W. Hanley, E. Garland
Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) is an integrative treatment that simultaneously addresses chronic pain and opioid misuse. MORE has been found to produce sustained reductions in opioid craving, pain, and negative affect-key risk mechanisms precipitating opioid misuse for patients on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT). However, less is known about MORE's impact on state measures of...
JAMA Internal Medicine
February 28, 2022
E. Garland, Adam W. Hanley, Yoshio Nakamura et al.
Key Points Question Does a mindfulness-based intervention reduce comorbid chronic pain and opioid misuse in the primary care setting more than supportive psychotherapy? Findings In this randomized clinical trial that included 250 adults with both chronic pain and opioid misuse, 45.0% of participants receiving Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) were no longer misusing opioids after...
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
November 1, 2021
R. L. Roberts, K. Ledermann, E. Garland
OBJECTIVE Long-term opioid therapy presents health risks for people with chronic pain. Some chronic pain patients escalate their opioid dose to regulate negative emotions. Therefore, emotion regulatory strategies like reappraisal are key treatment targets for this population. Mindfulness has been shown to enhance reappraisal, but the mechanisms of action are unknown. This study was a secondary...
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
May 8, 2021
Nina A Cooperman, Adam W. Hanley, Anna Kline et al.
Background: Chronic pain is highly prevalent among people in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for opioid use disorder and is known to be an important contributor to treatment discontinuation and opioid relapse. Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) is one of the few interventions developed and tested as an integrated treatment to simultaneously address both pain and illicit...
Psychology of Consciousness
November 19, 2020
Adam W. Hanley, D. Dorjee, E. Garland
Self-transcendence is theorized to be a core, mechanism of mindfulness. Yet, no known empirical study has investigated the process by which self-transcendent experiences emerge in novice practitioners. To address this gap, this study explored whether changes in decentering in response to mindfulness training translated into increases in self-transcendence over the course of five mindfulness...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
August 5, 2019
E. Garland, Adam W. Hanley, Anna Kline et al.
Background Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is an efficacious form of medication assisted treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), yet many individuals on MMT relapse. Chronic pain and deficits in positive affective response to natural rewards may result in dysphoria that fuels opioid craving and promotes relapse. As such, behavioral therapies that ameliorate chronic pain and enhance...
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
March 1, 2019
Andrew S. Mcclintock, Shannon M. McCarrick, E. Garland et al.
Objectives: Nonpharmacologic approaches have been characterized as the preferred means to treat chronic noncancer pain by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There is evidence that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are effective for pain management, yet the typical MBI may not be feasible across many clinical settings due to resource and time constraints. Brief MBIs (BMBIs)...
Annals of Behavioral Medicine
January 22, 2019
E. Garland, M. A. Bryan, Sarah E. Priddy et al.
Background Among opioid-treated chronic pain patients, deficient response inhibition in the context of emotional distress may contribute to maladaptive pain coping and prescription opioid misuse. Interventions that aim to bolster cognitive control and reduce emotional reactivity (e.g., mindfulness) may remediate response inhibition deficits, with consequent clinical benefits. Purpose To test...
Current Opinion in Psychology
January 14, 2019
E. Garland, Barbara L. Fredrickson
131 citations
The Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory (MMT) is a temporally-dynamic process model of mindful positive emotion regulation that elucidates downstream cognitive-affective mechanisms by which mindfulness promotes health and resilience. Here we review and extend the MMT to explicate how mindfulness fosters self-transcendence by evoking upward spirals of decentering, attentional broadening, reappraisal,...
Personality and Individual Differences
July 1, 2015
Laura G. Kiken, E. Garland, K. Bluth et al.
Theory suggests that heightening state mindfulness in meditation practice over time increases trait mindfulness, which benefits psychological health. We prospectively examined individual trajectories of state mindfulness in meditation during a mindfulness-based intervention in relation to changes in trait mindfulness and psychological distress. Each week during the eight-week intervention,...