This study aims to examine how the Bēqēn ritual can become a mechanism for community formation and a medium for social integration in the Pene Lando indigenous community on Lombok Island. The focus of this study is to see how the Bēqēn ritual creates a space that allows for the suspension of social structures and differentiation, thereby encouraging the formation of egalitarian relations and...
This paper proposes a formal mathematical model of consciousness based on Giulio Tononi's Integrated Information Theory (IIT) and graph theory. The core idea is that consciousness can be understood through a quantifiable measure derived from the structure and complexity of an information network. We represent consciousness as a graph where nodes represent individual cognitive elements and edges...
Abstract During wakefulness, we are used to perceive the environment through our senses, act on it and take these inputs to update our experiences and build the perceptions. When the inputs are not longer accurate or structured, people would sometimes have hallucinatory experiences. Whether such experiences are associated with distinct patterns of thought, and how they relate to large-scale...
Pharmacological agents that alter consciousness, including classic psychedelics and non-classic agents such as nitrous oxide, are known to affect multiple domains of conscious experience, including visual perception. While most neuroimaging studies rely on resting-state data to characterize altered states of consciousness, task-based approaches enable investigation of specific perceptual...
The modernist novel---Joyce, Woolf, Faulkner above all---rebuilt fiction's architecture around consciousness itself, and its stream-of-consciousness technique remains the century's most consequential narrative invention. This article presents a narrative review of the technique's canonical line: James's late style as preface, Joyce's 1922 Ulysses, Woolf's 1925 Mrs Dalloway and 1927 To the...
Abstract Over the last few years, issues related to the phenomenology of norms, normality, and normativity have been widely discussed in the scholarship. While several contributions devoted to Husserl’s account of normality exist, a systematic investigation of the categories of “non-normality” proves to be lacking. Moreover, such an investigation is necessary to grasp the essential link between...
The mind-body problem---how conscious experience relates to the physical brain---remains philosophy's sharpest unsolved boundary question. This article presents a narrative review of the positions that define the debate: Descartes's substance dualism, Ryle's category-mistake critique, the mind-brain identity theory of Smart, Putnam's multiple realizability and functionalism, Davidson's...
This work introduces the Critical Reconstructability Corridor (CRC) hypothesis, a theoretical, computational, and empirically testable framework for investigating consciousness-relevant neural dynamics beyond the conventional notion of a single “edge of chaos.” The central proposal is that biological dynamics capable of supporting consciousness may occupy a bounded, multidimensional and...
This conceptual article examines a neglected asymmetry in the philosophical-zombie thought experiment. A Chalmersian zombie, being physically and functionally identical to a conscious person, can produce the same verbal questions, reports, and judgments about consciousness. The paper therefore distinguishes three senses of asking: the production of an interrogative token, functional inquiry,...
The neural correlates of consciousness have been characterized primarily through temporal EEG features, while the spatial dynamics of cortical activity across consciousness states remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze the spatial mode structure of the Robinson corticothalamic neural field model (CTM) across five consciousness states: healthy wakefulness, emergence from minimally conscious...