Minds and Machines
June 29, 2023
Pierre Beckmann, Guillaume Köstner, Inês Hipólito
16 citations
Abstract We propose a non-representationalist framework for deep learning relying on a novel method computational phenomenology, a dialogue between the first-person perspective (relying on phenomenology) and the mechanisms of computational models. We thereby propose an alternative to the modern cognitivist interpretation of deep learning, according to which artificial neural networks encode...
Routledge eBooks
June 28, 2023
Josh Weisberg
This chapter presents in detail the main reasons offered for a pessimistic belief in the hard problem, notably the five central arguments offered by David Chalmers. These arguments are rooted in our first-person access to consciousness, and they provide the central line of justification for our problem intuitions about consciousness. The chapter then introduces Derk Pereboom’s “qualitative...
Embodied Idealism
June 22, 2023
Joseph C. Berendzen
Abstract: In order to count as genuinely transcendental, a philosophical theory must seek to uncover necessary, universal structures that shape our perspective on the world. Chapters 3 and 6 provide evidence that Merleau-Ponty did engage in this style of analysis in Structure and Phenomenology. But there are aspects of his views that work against this interpretation as well. He explicitly blurs...
Embodied Idealism
June 22, 2023
Joseph C. Berendzen
Abstract: Chapter 6 set to the side some problems that arise for the transcendental interpretation of Phenomenology. This chapter considers those problems insofar as they are related to consciousness and subjectivity. Merleau-Ponty’s emphasis on the connection between body and world suggests the possibility that our experience is shaped by elements outside the scope of subjectivity....
June 19, 2023
Aleš Oblak, Dominik Milotić, Borut Škodlar et al.
preprint
Many methodologies for systematic study of lived experience have been proposed. Methods are typically calibrated in terms of the depth and complexity of data collection and whether they consider reports on pre-reflective experience admissible. Even though it has been shown that lived experience occurs at different timescales (elementary, integrative, narrative), contemporary methods tend to...
Practice
June 15, 2023
Clare Brown
2 citations
The ability to demonstrate empathy is identified as a key social work attribute by the professional regulator and other professional bodies as well as in government guidance and the relevant QAA Subject Benchmark Statement. Empathy is strongly linked to the ability to learn from experience and, as such, has relevance beyond social work to higher education in general. This paper will focus on...
Frontiers in Psychology
June 9, 2023
Jeff Thompson
This study examines how a phenomenon, awe, along with related resilience practices, is perceived by a NASA medical and mental health professional, who also serves in a leadership role, and how awe has impacted their work and personal life. Considering both their leadership role and how their work involves supporting the wellbeing of astronauts pre-mission, during missions, and post-mission, the...
Disability & Society
June 7, 2023
David Ekdahl
94 citations
The notion that autistic individuals suffer from empathy deficiencies continues to be a widespread assumption, including in many areas of philosophy and cognitive science.In response to this, Damian Milton has proposed an interactional approach to empathy, namely the theory of the double empathy problem.According to this theory, empathy is fundamentally dependent on mutual reciprocity or...
PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
June 2023
Takuya Matsumoto, Kenshin Shimizu, Weijian Mo
This paper attempts to provide an overview of the history of Japanese psychopathology by presenting concise portraits of the second generation of Japanese psychopathologists, whose era is considered to be the heyday of Japanese psychopathology. Meanwhile, we also consider the historical background of the psychiatric reform movement in Japan that influenced many second-generation...
Filosofický časopis
May 27, 2023
Jan Halák
The aim of this article is to briefly introduce and critically analyze the dialogue between phenomenology and contemporary theories of embodied cognition in relation to the study of affectivity. The author explains how these theoretical approaches interpret the dynamic relationship between affective experiences on the one hand and bodily behavior and intersubjectively observable processes...
Disability and Rehabilitation
May 22, 2023
Kirsten Sarah Smith, Elizabeth Anne Kinsella, Sheila Moodie et al.
Purpose: While research into mindfulness practices is on the rise across populations, there is evidence to suggest that clinical practice has outpaced the literature with regard to mindfulness in pediatric rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of occupational therapists who opt to incorporate mindfulness into their clinical practices with children and youth....
May 22, 2023
Tom Froese, Georgii Karelin
2 citations
preprint
The enactive approach to cognitive science has undergone a bio-phenomenologically inspired “normative turn” by characterizing an organism’s activity as motivated by intrinsic value, where this value is grounded in adaptive self-production under precarious conditions. However, efforts in the field of artificial life to model this enactive conception of life have unwittingly revealed a case of...
iScience
May 19, 2023
Andres Ort, John W Smallridge, Simone Sarasso et al.
47 citations
Exploring the neurobiology of the profound changes in consciousness induced by classical psychedelic drugs may require novel neuroimaging methods. Serotonergic psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin produce states of increased sensory-emotional awareness and arousal, accompanied by increased spontaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) signal diversity. By directly stimulating cortical tissue, the...
Cognitive Computation
May 17, 2023
Neyla Sfeir, Igor Aleksander
1 citation
Abstract Phenomenology is concerned with the first-person experience of or about some object, and is generally related to sensory experience, for example, auditory or visual. Cognitive phenomenology refers to an element of phenomenological experience that does not have a sensory character. Experiences of thought, understanding, and appreciation of meaning are less figurative than the sensory...
Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
May 5, 2023
Ayman Mohamed El-Ashry, Eman Sameh Abd Elhay, Mona Metwally El-Sayed
Background: Living with the experience of hearing voices without trying to ignore or suppress them is referred to as accepting auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). It varies depending on the phenomenology of AVH itself; some clients may find it challenging to acquire new coping mechanisms with the voices. Aim: Examine the association between the phenomenology of AVH and acceptance or...
Psychological Medicine
May 1, 2023
David Van den Berg, Eva Tolmeijer, Alyssa Jongeneel et al.
Post-traumatic mechanisms are theorised to contribute to voice-hearing in people with psychosis and a history of trauma. Phenomenological links between trauma and voices support this hypothesis, as they suggest post-traumatic processes contribute to the content of, and relationships with, voices. However, research has included small samples and lacked theory-based comprehensive assessments. In...
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
May 1, 2023
Lisa Raoul, Marie-Hélène Grosbras
15 citations
How we mentally experience our body has been studied in a variety research domains. Each of these domains focuses in its own ways on different aspects of the body, namely the neurophysiological, perceptual, affective or social components, and proposes different conceptual taxonomies. It is therefore difficult to find one's way through this vast literature and to grasp the relationships between...
Psychopathology
April 28, 2023
Cecilia Maria Esposito, Giovanni Stanghellini
The concept of hysteria, although apparently surpassed by contemporary nosographic classifications, continues to be talked about. Following Charbonneau's attempt to de-feminize and de-sexualize hysteria, clinical phenomenology can offer a perspective which, freed from stigma and prejudices through the suspension of judgement, allows us to understand hysteria not as a diagnostic category but as...
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences
April 21, 2023
Tom Cochrane
3 citations
Abstract This paper develops a mechanistic account of basic mental agency by identifying similarities between two of its major exemplars: endogenous attention and imagination. Five key similarities are identified: (i) that both capacities are driven by currently prioritised goals that are either person-level or apt to become person-level. (ii) that both deliver their outputs to the working...
Arctic
April 20, 2023
M. Sysoev
The paper compares two problems in the analytical philosophy of mind: the hard problem of consciousness and the combination problem for panpsychism. The former arises for a wide range of materialist approaches, including physicalism. Panpsychism is asserted by its proponents as the best solution to the combination problem. However, panpsychism itself is faced with the combination problem. A...