Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition in which prenatal stress and long-lasting disruptions of excitatory-inhibitory (E/I) balance have been implicated as key vulnerability factors. Although established pharmacological and behavioral treatments are effective for many individuals, they are not universally successful and do not directly target...
Dominant psychedelic frameworks have been developed primarily from acute-phase neuroimaging and emphasize transient network reconfiguration during the drug state. Less attention has been given to the post-acute period, during which consequential electrophysiological and clinical changes may unfold. Ibogaine, whose human evidence is restricted to the post-acute window, provides a particularly...
Substance use and behavioral addictions are escalating on a global scale. The Global Burden of Disease Study underscores a rising impact on disability-adjusted life years attributable to substance use. This challenge influences families, communities, healthcare infrastructure, and legal systems; nevertheless, the majority of individuals suffering from substance use disorders face challenges in...
Introduction MM120 (lysergide D-tartrate, a formulation of LSD) is under development as a potential treatment for generalized anxiety and major depressive disorders. How psychedelic drugs interact at the TrkB receptor, a key target of neuroplasticity, is not reported. Objectives The study evaluated binding and functional activity of known serotonergic psychedelic compounds and SRI fluoxetine at...
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are crucial for brain development, with ω-3 species supporting neuronal membrane architecture, synaptogenesis and cognitive maturation, and ω-6 species linking lipid metabolism to neuronal signalling via the endocannabinoid system (ECS), the network of receptors, lipid mediators, and enzymatic pathways that orchestrate neurodevelopmental...
Major depressive disorder remains a leading cause of disability, and decades of monoamine-centered pharmacology have yielded delayed and often incomplete relief. Rapid-acting antidepressants reshaped the field by linking swift symptom improvement to glutamatergic plasticity, yet durable benefit depends on how newly reconfigured circuits are stabilized and tuned. This review synthesizes evidence...
Pranayama, the Yogic discipline of regulated breathing, has evolved from a spiritual practice into a scientifically recognized method for supporting mental and neurological health. This chapter examines its neuroplastic potential by outlining effects on major brain regions and networks, while summarizing key Pranayama techniques and their physiological signatures. Evidence indicates...
Ketamine and esketamine exhibit rapid antidepressant effects in persons with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and bipolar depression (TRBD). However, the synaptic mechanisms governing dose, frequency, and durability of response remain unclear. This review aims to evaluate the dosing parameters, including minimum dose and optimal dosing intervals, that reliably induce or maintain long-term...
ABSTRACT Schizophrenia (SCZ) is increasingly linked to neuroimmune dysregulation and impaired synaptic plasticity, yet the cellular mechanisms connecting inflammatory signaling to neural dysfunction remain poorly understood. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical spheroids (hCS) and astrocytes from patients with SCZ and matched controls, we investigated the effects of...
Meditation affects neuroplasticity through synaptic pathways, prefrontal–limbic regulation, autonomic and biochemical systems. Randomized or controlled meditation interventions with at least one neuroplasticity related outcome published from January 2018 to April 2025 were included. Data extraction and synthesis were performed independently and combined by random-effects model. Eight studies...