Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent, chronic, and disabling mental health conditions which are difficult to treat. Ketamine has demonstrated effect for improving depression and PTSD symptoms independently but reports often overlook focused comorbid improvement of these symptoms within individuals. To address this, we assessed...
Subacute and long-term changes in cognitive functioning after administration of classic psychedelics, MDMA and ketamine: A systematic review of clinical and preclinical evidence.
Post-traumatic stress disorder places patients at risk for emergence agitation following surgical procedures under general anaesthesia. Gynaecological procedures, sphincteroplasty, and surgical interventions involving the pelvic floor can involve vulnerable patient positioning in theatre, with inserted catheters and sensory stimulation. Such interventions could contribute to postoperative...
Abstract Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthesia which also has analgesic properties and is also used in pain management and depression1. As it produces an out-of-body and rewarding experience, there is a potential danger for abuse of this medication2.Cystitis and cholangiopathy are recognized side effects of ketamine use3,however, published data on ketamine-induced hyponatremia is scarce.The...
BACKGROUND: Ketamine is an effective rapid-acting treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), producing antidepressant effects within hours of administration. Because it induces states of heightened neuroplasticity and psychological openness, psychotherapy may enhance its therapeutic effects. METHODS: This exploratory, nonrandomized, open-label clinical trial evaluated the adjunctive...
This quality improvement project examined the impact of shared decision-making–guided music intervention integrated into esketamine treatment on depressive symptoms and quality of life in 10 adults with treatment-resistant depression at a private psychiatric clinic. Over 4 months, patients collaborated with their providers to select and listen to music during each session. Depressive symptoms...
Ketamine produces clinical states ranging from subanesthetic analgesia and dissociation to anesthetic-dose behavioral unresponsiveness. Its electroencephalographic (EEG) effects differ from the slow-delta and frontal-alpha patterns commonly observed with GABAergic-dominant anesthetics and vary with exposure, administration kinetics, and co-administered agents. After anesthetic bolus dosing,...
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder, with a higher prevalence in women than in men, and has been increasingly associated with disturbances in female reproductive health. In particular, depressive conditions may impair ovarian function and compromise oocyte quality, thereby contributing to reproductive disorders. Ketamine is a clinically effective antidepressant. However, its potential...
ArtefactumAugust 6, 2026Laura Alves Dutra, Anne Karolyne Alves Martins, Marina Camarão Oliveira et al.
Introduction:Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is defined by the persistence of depressive symptoms despite at least two adequate trials with different classes of antidepressants. Limitations of traditional monoaminergic drugs have driven the search for rapid-acting, innovative interventions such as ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which target neuroplasticity and the...
Abstract Introduction Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by dysfunction in higher-order cortical regions involved in emotional and cognitive processes; however, its neurobiological basis remains unclear. Pharmacological treatments, including esketamine and sertraline, produce rapid antidepressant effects. We investigated the local intrinsic neural dynamics underlying these...
Intravenous ketamine and intranasal esketamine have shown rapid effects in reversing suicidality and improving depressive symptoms. In countries that allow psychiatric euthanasia and/or assisted suicide (EAS), we argue that potentially effective treatments for suicidal ideation and behaviour, such as ketamine, should be required before allowing patients to access psychiatric EAS. Ketamine can...
This narrative review examines barriers to Danish patients' timely access to new treatments for treatment-resistant depression, focusing on controversies around esketamine. Delays arise from regulatory complexity, economic constraints and scientific debate over novel psychotropics. The review advocates evidence-based, faster implementation pathways for new treatments to alleviate the overall...
The psychiatric utility of ketamine is limited by its dissociative and systemic side effects. Recently, to enable precision ketamine pharmacotherapy, we introduced SonoKet, ketamine-loaded acoustically activatable liposomes that enable focused ultrasound (FUS)-targeted ketamine delivery to millimeter-sized brain regions. In initial studies, we observed that SonoKet uncaging targeted ketamine to...
CureusAugust 2026Mariam A Omar, Muhammad Ishfaq, Rajasundram Rajaganeshan et al.
Chronic ketamine misuse is a well-recognized cause of ketamine-induced uropathy (KIU), characterized by severe lower urinary tract symptoms and markedly reduced bladder capacity. Its potential association with anorectal dysfunction remains poorly described. We report two young adults with KIU who developed progressive pelvic floor dysfunction and anorectal pathology ranging from pelvic floor...
Accumulating evidence indicates the role of ketamine as a fast-onset antidepressant, with a rising controversy over its cognitive effect. This study aimed at investigating the short- and long-term cognitive and behavioral effects of chronic administration of ketamine, with an emphasis on hippocampal expression of the Trk B/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in chronic mild stress (CMS)-exposed rats....
NeuropharmacologyAugust 1, 2026G. S. Marcotto, M. Borghetti, J. Bitraj et al.
Electrical stimulation (ES) is emerging as a non-pharmacological neuromodulation strategy, but its direct impact on human dopaminergic neurons and its relationship to rapid-acting antidepressant mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether brief biphasic low-frequency low-intensity (LF-LI) ES can induce structural and molecular plasticity in human induced pluripotent stem...