Biological Psychology
March 20, 2012
Renate Reniers, Rhiannon Corcoran, Birgit Vӧllm et al.
168 citations
Automatic intuitions and deliberate reasoning, sourcing internal representations of our personal norms and values, contribute to our beliefs of what is right and wrong. We used fMRI to directly compare moral (M) and non-moral (NM) decision-making processes using scenarios requiring conscious deliberation, whereby the main character declared an intention to take a course of action. Furthermore,...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
February 21, 2012
Hanbing Lu, Qihong Zou, Hong Gu et al.
627 citations
The default mode network (DMN) in humans has been suggested to support a variety of cognitive functions and has been implicated in an array of neuropsychological disorders. However, its function(s) remains poorly understood. We show that rats possess a DMN that is broadly similar to the DMNs of nonhuman primates and humans. Our data suggest that, despite the distinct evolutionary paths between...
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
2012
Edward A. Vessel, G. Gabrielle Starr, Nava Rubin
369 citations
Aesthetic responses to visual art comprise multiple types of experiences, from sensation and perception to emotion and self-reflection. Moreover, aesthetic experience is highly individual, with observers varying significantly in their responses to the same artwork. Combining fMRI and behavioral analysis of individual differences in aesthetic response, we identify two distinct patterns of neural...
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
2012
Rogier B. Mars, Franz-Xaver Neubert, MaryAnn P. Noonan et al.
807 citations
The default mode network (DMN) of the brain consists of areas that are typically more active during rest than during active task performance. Recently however, this network has been shown to be activated by certain types of tasks. Social cognition, particularly higher-order tasks such as attributing mental states to others, has been suggested to activate a network of areas at least partly...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
November 23, 2011
Judson A. Brewer, Patrick D. Worhunsky, Jeremy R. Gray et al.
1,410 citations
Many philosophical and contemplative traditions teach that "living in the moment" increases happiness. However, the default mode of humans appears to be that of mind-wandering, which correlates with unhappiness, and with activation in a network of brain areas associated with self-referential processing. We investigated brain activity in experienced meditators and matched meditation-naive...
PLoS One
October 19, 2011
J. Crone, G. Ladurner, Y. Höller et al.
Diagnosis of patients with a disorder of consciousness is very challenging. Previous studies investigating resting state networks demonstrate that 2 main features of the so-called default mode network (DMN), metabolism and functional connectivity, are impaired in patients with a disorder of consciousness. However, task-induced deactivation – a third main feature of the DMN – has not been...
Schizophrenia Bulletin
October 5, 2011
Fabio Sambataro, Leonardo Fazio, Paolo Taurisano et al.
59 citations
The default mode network (DMN) comprises a set of brain regions with "increased" activity during rest relative to cognitive processing. Activity in the DMN is associated with functional connections with the striatum and dopamine (DA) levels in this brain region. A functional single-nucleotide polymorphism within the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2, rs1076560 G > T) shifts splicing of the 2 D2...
Brain Connectivity
October 1, 2011
Vesa Kiviniemi, Tapani Vire, Jukka Remes et al.
268 citations
Recent evidence on resting-state networks in functional (connectivity) magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) suggests that there may be significant spatial variability of activity foci over time. This study used a sliding time window approach with the spatial domain-independent component analysis (SliTICA) to detect spatial maps of resting-state networks over time. The study hypothesis was that...
Clinical Neurophysiology
September 21, 2011
Aviva Berkovich-Ohana, Joseph Glicksohn, Abraham Goldstein
309 citations
ObjectiveThere is a growing scientific interest in mindfulness meditation (MM), yet its underlying neurophysiological mechanism is still uncertain. We investigated whether MM affects self-referential processing, associated with default mode network (DMN), either as short (state) - or long-term (trait) effects.MethodsThree levels of MM expertise were compared with controls (n=12 each) by...
International Clinical Psychopharmacology
September 1, 2011
Peter J. McKenna, Raymond Salvador, Erick J. Canales‐Rodríguez et al.
The 15th Biennial Winter Workshop in Psychoses, 15–18 November 2009, Barcelona, Spain: IMAGING AND NEUROPATHOLOGY