European Journal of Pharmacology
August 9, 2002
Roberto Ciccocioppo, Lorena Antonelli, Michela Biondini et al.
Cannabis derivatives and alcohol are widely co-abused, particularly among adolescents. Since both ethanol and cannabinoids are known to impair learning and memory, the present study investigated in rats the effects of combined exposure to ethanol and delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in a memory task, the object recognition test. The results of the present study provide evidence that ethanol,...
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
August 1, 2002
Carl L. Hart, Margaret Haney, Amie S Ward et al.
Studies have shown that the Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) concentration in marijuana cigarettes is an important factor for the maintenance of marijuana self-administration. Yet, the impact of oral Delta(9)-THC treatment on marijuana self-administration is unknown. Because other agonist therapies have been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of substance use disorders,...
European Journal of Pharmacology
June 12, 2002
Nobuaki Egashira, Kenichi Mishima, Shutaro Katsurabayashi et al.
The present study investigated the involvement of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) neuronal system in the Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced impairment of spatial memory in the eight-arm radial maze in rats. Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (6 mg/kg, i.p.), which impairs spatial memory, significantly increased the 5-HT content in the ventral hippocampus. A microdialysis study showed...
Neuropsychopharmacology
June 2002
Daniel S O'Leary, Robert I Block, Julie A Koeppel et al.
The effects of smoking marijuana on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cognitive performance were assessed in 12 recreational users in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. PET with [(15)Oxygen]-labeled water ([(15)O]H(2)O) was used to measure rCBF before and after smoking of marijuana and placebo cigarettes, as subjects repeatedly performed an auditory attention task. Smoking...
Human & Experimental Toxicology
June 2002
M Mulheran, P Middleton, J A Henry
The study was designed to investigate the acute effects of ingested tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on auditory function. Eight male subjects (aged 22-30 years), who had previous experience of cannabis use, took part in this study. They performed air conduction pure tone audiometry in both ears over 0.5-8 kHz. A simple test of frequency selectivity by detecting a 4-kHz tone under two masking noise...
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
May 2002
Robert I Block, Daniel S O'Leary, Richard D Hichwa et al.
It is uncertain whether frequent marijuana use adversely affects human brain function. Using positron emission tomography (PET), memory-related regional cerebral blood flow was compared in frequent marijuana users and nonusing control subjects after 26+ h of monitored abstention. Memory-related blood flow in marijuana users, relative to control subjects, showed decreases in prefrontal cortex,...
Adicciones
April 15, 2002
Manuel Quiroga Gallego
6 citations
El cannabis, droga ilegal más utilizada por los jóvenes y de las que más precozmente se empieza a consumir, presenta frecuentemente psicopatología comórbida. Con el cannabis se presentan episodios psicóticos en conciencia lúcida con pocas alteraciones formales del pensamiento, afectividad maniforme, conducta hostil, breve duración y reaparición siempre precedida por su consumo. Sin embargo,...
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
March 1, 2002
L A Núñez, M Gurpegui
The existence of cannabis-induced psychosis (CP) remains controversial, partly because of methodological problems. We hypothesize that acute schizophrenia (AS) and CP can have distinct demographic, premorbid and clinical features. We compared 26 patients with CP to 35 with AS, after their cannabis-consumption status was confirmed by repeated urine screens. Patients with CP were assessed after...
Journal of Neuroscience
December 1, 2001
Andreas Zimmer, E Valjent, M Konig et al.
The involvement of dynorphin on Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and morphine responses has been investigated by using mice with a targeted inactivation of the prodynorphin (Pdyn) gene. Dynorphin-deficient mice show specific changes in the behavioral effects of THC, including a reduction of spinal THC analgesia and the absence of THC-induced conditioned place aversion. In contrast, acute and...
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
December 1, 2001
Jörg Daumann, Susanna Pelz, Stefanie Becker et al.
77 citations
Abstract The popular recreational drug Ecstasy (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA, and related congeners) is neurotoxic upon central serotonergic systems in animal studies. So far, the most convincing evidence for neurotoxicity‐related functional deficits in humans derives from neurocognitive studies demonstrating dose‐related memory problems in Ecstasy users. The aim of the current...