April 10, 1998
J. Jentsch, Christopher D. Verrico, D. Le et al.
Long-term abuse of marijuana by humans can induce profound behavioral deficits characterized by cognitive and memory impairments. In particular, deficits on tasks dependent on frontal lobe function have been reported in cannabis abusers. In the current study, we examined whether long-term exposure to delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient in marijuana, altered the neurochemistry of...
Ethnicity, Law and Human Rights
February 19, 1998
Sebastian Poulter
Abstract: Although the precise origins of the Rastafarian movement in England remain obscure, they probably lie at least partly in the attempt made in 1955 by a former Rastafarian leader from Jamaica to organize a local branch in south London of the Rastafarian-orientated United Afro-West Indian Brotherhood. This end devour had only a very limited impact, but by 1958 ‘a group of bearded and...
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
1998
J A Holland, L Nelson, P R Ravikumar et al.
A growing trend of smoking marijuana soaked in what is purported to be embalming fluid has been reported in the literature since the mid-1980s. This article describes several cases of intoxication, gives regional epidemiological data on this phenomenon, and includes current nomenclature. The authors also analyze a sample of fluid said to be embalming fluid and discover PCP (phencyclidine) and...
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association
1998
H G Taylor
To review the pharmacology, therapeutics, adverse effects, and societal implications of the medical use of marijuana. MEDLINE and manual searches of English-language marijuana literature, supplemented with interviews of scientists currently conducting cannabinoid research. Search terms included pain OR palliative care AND cannabis or ALL marijuana; cachexia OR appetite OR appetite stimulants;...
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
September 1, 1997
S. Heishman, K. Arasteh, M. Stitzer
This study compared subjective and behavioral effect profiles of alcohol and smoked marijuana using technology that controlled puffing and inhalation parameters. Male volunteers (n = 5) with histories of moderate alcohol and marijuana use were administered three doses of alcohol (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg), three doses of marijuana [4.8, or 16 puffs of 3.55% delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)],...
Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
August 1997
R T Burkey, J R Nation
Fourteen male rats were trained to discriminate between injections of 2 mg/kg delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) and vehicle in a 2-lever operant drug-discrimination paradigm. Following training, substitution tests using a cumulative dosing procedure revealed that anandamide (0.5-16 mg/kg ip), the putative endogenous camabinoid receptor ligand, failed to generalize to the discriminative...
Neuropsychopharmacology
June 1997
J D Jentsch, E Andrusiak, A Tran et al.
The present study examined delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-induced alterations in monoamine transmission in the rat forebrain as well as the effects of the enantiomers of 3-amino-1-hydroxypyrrolid-2-one (HA966) on the monoamine response to THC. Activation of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) but not serotonin (5-HT) turnover in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was observed after THC (5 mg/kg...
Psychopharmacology
July 1996
Aron H Lichtman, B R Martin
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the cannabinoid and cholinergic systems impair working memory through a common mechanism. This hypothesis was tested by examining whether the cannabinoid antagonist SR141716A would ameliorate radial-arm performance deficits caused by either the naturally occurring cannabinoid, delta 9-THC, or scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist. In...
Neuropharmacology
1996
J L Wiley, D R Compton, P M Gordon et al.
delta 8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 8-THC) is a naturally occurring cannabinoid with a characteristic pharmacological profile of in vivo effects. Previous studies have shown that modification of the structure of delta 8-THC by inclusion of a nitrogen-containing functional group alters this profile and may alkylate the cannabinoid receptor, similar to the manner in which beta-funaltrexamine...
European Psychiatry
1996
F Ames, David Castle
In the context of the discovery of the cerebral ligand for the cannabis receptor, and the elucidation of its genetic sequence, we discuss the psychomimetic properties of Cannabis sativa, and explore the relationship between cannabis intoxication and mood. We suggest that renewed study of acute cannabis encephalopathy would be rewarding not only in deepening our understanding of consciousness in...