CNS Drugs
May 2018
Patricio Molero, J A Ramos-Quiroga, Rocío Martín‐Santos et al.
Ketamine and its enantiomer S-ketamine (esketamine) are promising candidates to produce a rapid-onset antidepressant effect in treatment-resistant depression. Ketamine causes continued blockade of the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, though this might not primarily mediate the antidepressant effect. Alternative hypotheses include selectivity for the NMDA receptor subtype...
Biological Psychology
May 1, 2018
Ratna Jyothi Kakumanu, Ajay Kumar Nair, Rahul Venugopal et al.
Meditation, as taught by most schools of practice, consists of a set of heterogeneous techniques. We wanted to assess if EEG profiles varied across different meditation techniques, proficiency levels and experience of the practitioners. We examined EEG dynamics in Vipassana meditators (Novice, Senior meditators and Teachers) while they engaged in their traditional meditation practice...
Molecular medicine reports
May 1, 2018
Yonglai Zhang, Rui Sha, Kaiguo Wang et al.
26 citations
Tetrahydropalmatine exerts numerous pharmacological activities, including analgesic and narcotic effects; anti-arrhythmic, blood pressure lowering and cardioprotective effects; protective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; inhibition of platelet aggregation; prevention of ulcerative diseases and inhibition of gastric acid secretion; antitumor effects; and beneficial effects...
Neurotoxicology
May 1, 2018
Anne Zwartsen, Laura Hondebrink, Remco Hs Westerink
42 citations
While the prevalence and the use of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is steadily increasing, data on pharmacological, toxicological and clinical effects is limited. Considering the large number of NPS available, there is a clear need for efficient in vitro screening techniques that capture multiple mechanisms of action. Neuronal cultures grown on multi-well microelectrode arrays (mwMEAs) have...
University Library Heidelberg
April 27, 2018
Anthony Bloxham
1 citation
Dream recall ability can vary between and within individuals, dependent on a number of influencing factors, including personality dimensions, number of nocturnal awakenings, and attitudes towards dreaming. Only a few studies, however, consider the possible connection of dream recall ability to general waking memory ability, or the influence of being motivated to actively remember dreams. The...
April 27, 2018
Susan Blackmore, Emily T. Troscianko
Is the age-old distinction between the ‘conscious mind’ and ‘the unconscious’ valid, or do powerful, but false, intuitions mislead us? Unconscious, implicit, or subliminal perception is reviewed, from early ideas of a ‘subliminal self’ to modern debates over subliminal perception, including signal detection theory, priming, and the differences between objective/subjective and direct/indirect...
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
April 26, 2018
Clark Chilson
Abstract “Naikan” 内観 is a self-reflective form of meditation founded by Yoshimoto Ishin 吉本伊信 (1916–1988), who developed it from a lay Shin Buddhist practice called mishirabe身調べ. After Yoshimoto used it to help prisoners in the 1950s, psychiatrists in the 1960s started to use it as a psychotherapy. Today in Japan it is the most popular psychotherapeutic method that originated in Buddhism. Naikan...
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
April 24, 2018
Zul Merali, Christian Cayer, Pamela Kent et al.
16 citations
The Maya have traditionally used copal, Protium copal, as incense during ceremonies since pre-Columbian times. Anecdotally, copal (when burned as incense), is thought to elicit mentally uplifting and calming effects. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the incense elicits anxiolytic-like behavior in animal models using rats. A second objective was to characterize active...
Frontiers in Psychiatry
April 24, 2018
Paulo César Ribeiro Barbosa, Luís Fernando Tófoli, Michael P. Bogenschutz et al.
95 citations
The aims of this study were to assess the impact of ceremonial use of ayahuasca-a psychedelic brew containing N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and β-carboline -and attendance at União do Vegetal (UDV) meetings on substance abuse; here we report the findings related to alcohol and tobacco use disorder. A total of 1,947 members of UDV 18+ years old were evaluated in terms of years of membership and...
Revista da Biologia
April 23, 2018
Carolina Quiñones Bueno
O conhecimento das alterações cognitivas decorrentes do consumo regular de cannabis é deficiente, em particular no que se refere a sua influência de ordem emocional. Neste estudo é revisado como o uso da cannabis pode levar a alterações neurológicas e perceptuais, em especial quanto ao reconhecimento de emoções e de situações ameaçadoras. São encontradas evidências de dessensibilização na...