Inner-body sensations (interoceptive sensations) have only recently become a full object of philosophy. This is due to the fact that the naturalistic theory of phenomenal consciousness is expanding by new empirical data and requiring philosophical analysis. Also, the traditional object of cognitive sciences is being transformed into a multidimensional philosophical category. At the same time,...
Background: Depression is a common complication of Parkinson disease (PD). This study investigated whether a single dose of esketamine could alleviate depressive symptoms in an MPTP mouse model by activating G protein-coupled receptor 109 A (GPR109A) and reducing neuroinflammation. Methods: Adult male C57BL/6 J mice (8 weeks, 25–30 g) were allocated into three groups: saline,...
Glutamatergic abnormalities in several brain regions, including the ventromedial orbitofrontal cortex (vmOFC) and prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), have been implicated in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). (R, S)-ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and enantiopure (S)-ketamine may have therapeutic effects in patients and animal models of OCD....
Delusional ideation is characteristic of psychopathology (e.g., psychosis, bipolar disorder) and is also found among the general population. Contemporary case studies have documented delusional ideation as a feature of meditation-induced psychosis, and Buddhist literature on the side effects and adverse effects of meditation also includes discussion of transient experiences that could be...
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Mindfulness practice has been widely adopted by healthcare staff, being grounded in evidence and supported by national guidelines. However, certain fundamental factors are not well understood, including attitudes towards mindfulness in-groups. The aim of this project was to explore the nature of social identification with mindfulness in-groups in relation to engagement...
More than 280 million individuals worldwide suffer from depression, which is one of the main causes of mental disability. It has multiple subtypes, and conventional treatments have limitations such as slow onset of action, high non-response rate, and numerous side effects. For instance, it takes two to six weeks for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to start working, and about 30%...
Hospital PharmacyOctober 23, 2025Moomal Memon, Rukhsana Gul, Arif Gul et al.1 citation
Depression, projected to be the leading cause of global disability by 2030, affects up to 19.62% of Pakistan's population. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), characterized by poor response to at least two antidepressants, poses a major clinical challenge. Although interventions like ECT exist, their use is limited by systemic barriers. Esketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, offers a...
Psilocybin, a psychedelic prodrug, has gained renewed interest for its potential to treat various psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. While promising, concerns remain regarding its safety profile and the management of potential adverse events (AEs). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the incidence, nature, and severity of adverse events and...
Background The impact of acute cannabis exposure on brain function and cognitive performance varies among individuals. Acute effects of cannabis on behavior may be absent or benign in chronic users, while occasional users experience significant impairment in day-to-day operations. It is hypothesized that repeated cannabis use induces neuroadaptations leading to tolerance and desensitization,...
Effective and well-tolerated pharmacotherapies for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), which is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, are needed. To determine the dose-response relationship of MM120 (lysergide D-tartrate) in adults with moderate to severe GAD. This phase 2b, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 198 adults aged 18 to 74 years with a...