Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
July 2010
K B E Böcker, J Gerritsen, C C Hunault et al.
Cannabis intake has been reported to affect cognitive functions such as selective attention. This study addressed the effects of exposure to cannabis with up to 69.4mg Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) recorded during a visual selective attention task. Twenty-four participants smoked cannabis cigarettes with four doses of THC on four test days in a...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
June 2010
Abir T. El-Alfy, Kelly Ivey, Keisha Robinson et al.
The antidepressant action of cannabis as well as the interaction between antidepressants and the endocannabinoid system has been reported. This study was conducted to assess the antidepressant-like activity of Delta(9)-THC and other cannabinoids. Cannabinoids were initially evaluated in the mouse tetrad assay to determine doses that do not induce hypothermia or catalepsy. The automated mouse...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
April 2010
Sarah M Turgeon, Nicole D. Anderson, Kerry O'Loughlin
Previous research in our laboratory indicates that the psychotomimetic drug phencyclidine (PCP) reduces voluntary sucrose consumption in male rats, potentially modeling the schizophrenic symptom of anhedonia. Given reports from the clinical literature that schizophrenia has a later age of onset and more favorable outcome in females, PCP might be expected to have sexually dimorphic effects in...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
December 1, 2009
Aashish S Morani, Bronwyn M Kivell, Thomas E Prisinzano et al.
91 citations
Our previous work indicated that pretreatment with the selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOPr) agonist, U69593, attenuated the ability of priming injections of cocaine to reinstate extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior. The present study expanded these initial tests to include other traditional KOPr agonists, U50488H, spiradoline (SPR), and salvinorin A (Sal A), an active constituent of the...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
September 1, 2009
Vikas Duvvuri, Victoria B Risbrough, Walter H. Kaye et al.
7 citations
We propose a translational approach to the study of anorexia nervosa (AN) based on our human subject studies where there are characteristic elevations in 5-HT(1A) receptor binding, associated harm avoidance behaviors, reduced impulsivity, and comorbid anxiety disorders. Towards this goal, the hyponeophagia assay was implemented whereby food-deprived mice show increased latency to begin feeding...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
January 2008
Jerrold C Winter
It has been observed that agents with agonist activity at 5-HT2A receptors prevent neurotoxicity induced by the non-competitive NMDA antagonist, dizocilpine (MK-801). Subsequent behavioral studies reported complete antagonism by LSD and DOM of the stimulus effects of the related NMDA antagonist, phencyclidine [PCP]. The present study sought to extend those observations to include other...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
January 2008
William E Fantegrossi, Chad J Reissig, Elyse B Katz et al.
N,N-dipropyltryptamine (DPT) is a synthetic tryptamine hallucinogen which has been used psychotherapeutically in humans, but has been studied preclinically only rarely. In the present studies, DPT was tested in a drug-elicited head-twitch assay in mice, and in rats trained to discriminate lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyl-4-phosphoryloxytryptamine (psilocybin), or...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
January 2008
C M Krall, J B Richards, R A Rabin et al.
Based upon extensive studies in the rat, it has been suggested that stimulus control by LSD is mediated by 5-HT2A receptors, with serotonergic receptors of the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C subtypes playing modulatory roles. In genetically modified mice lacking the serotonin transporter (SERT), 5-HT2A receptor density is decreased and, at a functional level, the head-twitch response following the...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
October 1, 2007
Jerrold C Winter, K C Rice, D J Amorosi et al.
73 citations
Although psilocybin has been trained in the rat as a discriminative stimulus, little is known of the pharmacological receptors essential for stimulus control. In the present investigation rats were trained with psilocybin and tests were then conducted employing a series of other hallucinogens and presumed antagonists. An intermediate degree of antagonism of psilocybin was observed following...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
October 2007
Danuta Marona‐lewicka, David E Nichols
Activation of 5-HT(2A) receptors is thought to mediate the hallucinogenic effects of LSD. Nevertheless, in a previous report we provided evidence that a delayed temporal phase of the behavioral pharmacology of LSD is mediated by D(2)-like dopamine receptor stimulation. In this study rats were trained to discriminate LSD with either a 30 min preinjection time (LSD-30, N=12) or a 90 min...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
October 2007
Kevin T. Ball, Kelly M Walsh, George V. Rebec
The widely used recreational drug MDMA (ecstasy) supports self-administration in animals, but it is not known whether MDMA-associated cues are able to reinstate drug seeking in a relapse model of drug addiction. To assess this possibility, drug-naïve rats were trained to press a lever for MDMA infusions (0.30 mg/kg/infusion, i.v.) paired with a compound cue (light and tone) in daily 2 h...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
March 2007
Richard A Glennon, Richard Young, Małgorzata Dukat et al.
N-Methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane (methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA, Ecstasy) and its structurally abbreviated congener N-methyl-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane (para-methoxymethamphetamine, PMMA) are chemically related designer drugs, and PMMA is sometimes sold on the clandestine market as a substitute for MDMA. Prior drug discrimination studies have found that MDMA...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
October 1, 2006
Richard A Glennon, Tatiana Bondareva, Richard Young
alpha-Ethyltryptamine (etryptamine, alpha-ET) is a drug of abuse that first appeared on the clandestine market in the mid-1980s. Its pharmacological actions are poorly understood. In this investigation, it is reported for the first time that alpha-ET serves as a training drug in drug discrimination studies. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to discriminate (30-min pretreatment time) 2.5...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
June 1, 2006
Dimitris E Emmanouil, Z Papadopoulou-Daifoti, Philip T Hagihara et al.
In earlier studies, we have shown that nitrous oxide (N2O)-induced behavioral effects in rats and mice are mediated by benzodiazepine receptors. This two-part study was conducted in order to investigate the possible role of serotonin (5-HT) in the behavioral effects of N2O by clarifying its effects on regional brain concentrations of 5-HT and assessing the influence of 5-HT antagonist and...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
2006
William E Fantegrossi, A W Harrington, C L Kiessel et al.
144 citations
Few studies have examined the effects of 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT) in vivo. In these studies, 5-MeO-DIPT was tested in a drug-elicited head twitch assay in mice where it was compared to the structurally similar hallucinogen N,N-dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT) and challenged with the selective serotonin (5-HT)2A antagonist M100907, and in a lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
August 2005
Jerrold C Winter, A K Kieres, M D Zimmerman et al.
Drug-induced stimulus control has proven to be a powerful tool for the assessment of a wide range of psychoactive drugs. Although a variety of species has been employed, the majority of studies have been in the rat. However, with the development of techniques which permit the genetic modification of mice, the latter species has taken on new importance. Lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], the...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
July 2005
Jerrold C Winter, Justin R Eckler, K C Rice et al.
Previous investigations in our laboratory have found that the stimulus effects of the hallucinogenic serotonergic agonists DOM and LSD are potentiated by phencyclidine [PCP], a non-competitive NMDA antagonist. Also suggestive of behaviorally significant serotonergic/glutamatergic interactions is our finding that stimulus control by both PCP and LSD is partially antagonized by the mGlu2/3...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
September 2004
Justin R Eckler, Chad J Reissig, R A Rabin et al.
Previous studies conducted in our laboratory have shown that acute administration of the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), citalopram, potentiates the stimulus effects of the phenethylamine hallucinogen [-]-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM) in the rat while neither substituting for the DOM stimulus when administered alone nor altering brain levels of DOM. The present...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
August 1, 2004
Nantaka Khorana, Manik R Pullagurla, Małgorzata Dukat et al.
21 citations
Two agents gaining popularity on the illicit drug market are the phenylalkylamines 4-MTA and 2C-T-7 [or 1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-aminopropane and 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-n-propylthiophenyl)-1-aminoethane, respectively]. At this time, there exists a paucity of information on the behavioral actions of these sulfur-containing agents. The present investigation examined these agents, and the N-monomethyl...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
July 2003
Justin R Eckler, Jean Chang-Fong, R A Rabin et al.
The present investigation was undertaken to test the hypothesis that known metabolites of the phenylethylamine hallucinogen 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM) are pharmacologically active. This hypothesis was tested by evaluating the ability of racemic DOM metabolites 2-O-desmethyl DOM (2-DM-DOM) and 5-O-desmethyl DOM (5-DM-DOM) to substitute for the stimulus properties of...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
June 1, 2003
Isabelle M Maisonneuve, Stanley D Glick
109 citations
18-Methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), a novel iboga alkaloid congener that decreases drug self-administration in several animal models, may be a potential treatment for multiple forms of drug abuse. In animal models, 18-MC reduced intravenous morphine, cocaine, methamphetamine and nicotine self-administration, oral alcohol and nicotine intake, and attenuated signs of opioid withdrawal, but had no...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
June 1, 2003
Amir H Rezvani, David H Overstreet, Marina Perfumi et al.
95 citations
The present review summarizes the findings of the effects of extracts of purified compounds from several plants on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats. These include St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum, HPE), kudzu (Pueraria lobata) and ibogaine (Tabernanthe iboga). Alcohol-preferring (P), Marchigian Sardinian (msP), high-alcohol-drinking (HAD), Fawn-Hooded (FH) rats were allowed to...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
June 2003
E A Carlini
This review article draws the attention to the many species of plants possessing activity on the central nervous system (CNS). In fact, they cover the whole spectrum of central activity such as psychoanaleptic, psycholeptic and psychodysleptic effects, and several of these plants are currently used in therapeutics to treat human ailments. Among the psychoanaleptic (stimulant) plants, those...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
May 2003
Justin R Eckler, R A Rabin, Jerrold C Winter
Nefazodone is presently marketed as an antidepressant that inhibits both serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and norepinephrine reuptake while antagonizing pirenpirone (5-HT2) receptors. This 5-HT receptor type is believed to play a prominent role in the underlying mechanism of action of serotonergic hallucinogens. Antidepressant medications now represent the most commonly prescribed...
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
February 2003
Mireille M Doat, Richard A. Rabin, Jerrold C Winter
Despite the plausible assumption that the effects of hallucinogens predominantly arise in the central nervous system, most studies of these drugs in intact subjects have been conducted following systemic administration. The objective of the present investigation was to characterize the stimulus effects of (-)2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine ((-)-DOM) following intracerebroventricular...