Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
August 29, 2026
Xuhan Cui, Leyi Zhang, Y. Ou et al.
AIM Pathological dissociation is a complex clinical symptom widely observed across various psychiatric disorders. Dissociative symptoms prolong the duration of hospitalization and are associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Although several pathological models (e.g., the frontal-limbic overmodulation model and the defense cascade model) have been proposed to interpret dissociative symptoms,...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
May 30, 2026
Nathalia Novaretti, Rebeca Mendes P Pessoa, Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak et al.
Oral ketamine has gained increasing interest beyond anesthesia, particularly for treatment-resistant depression, chronic pain, and pediatric procedural sedation. Despite expanding off-label use, there is no standardized pharmaceutical formulation, and long-term safety remains uncertain. A synthesis of evidence on safety and tolerability of the oral route is therefore needed to inform clinical...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
May 7, 2026
Abidemi Otaiku
While the relationship between bad dreams, nightmares, and brain health is a relatively new area of research, the evidence to date has been remarkably consistent. Across a range of studies, including both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs, the emerging pattern is clear: more frequent disturbing dreams (bad dreams or nightmares) are linked with poorer cognitive performance and a higher...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
March 17, 2026
Darren M. Lipnicki, Ashleigh S. Vella, É. Castro-Costa et al.
Distressing dreams were previously reported to predict future all‐cause dementia among predominantly white US participants aged 79–89 years, particularly in men. We investigated whether disturbing dreams (nightmares and bad dreams) were associated with all‐cause and Alzheimer dementia (AD) among individuals aged 60–89 years from diverse international regions.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
February 26, 2026
Kengo Yonezawa, M. Hirata, Hiroaki Takano et al.
1 citation
Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed interest as a potential treatment for various psychiatric disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of psilocybin's history, recent clinical evidence, ongoing clinical trials, neuroimaging findings, and regulations. Historically used in spiritual and healing rituals, psilocybin was in the early 1970s subjected to...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
July 15, 2025
Hitoshi Sakurai, Daiki Setoyama, Takahiro A Kato et al.
1 citation
This study aims to investigate the acute and sustained antidepressant effects of repeated ketamine infusions in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and to identify early metabolomic changes predictive of treatment outcomes using metabolome analyses. This open-label study investigated the effects of four intravenous ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/kg) administered over 2 weeks in 30...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
December 1, 2024
Yohei Ohtani, Hideaki Tani, Kie Nomoto-Takahashi et al.
13 citations
Although the antidepressant effect of ketamine on treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has been frequently reported in North American and European countries, evidence is scarce among the Asian population. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous ketamine in Japanese patients with TRD. In this double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial, 34 Japanese patients with TRD were...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
October 1, 2024
Shakila Meshkat, Fatemeh Gholaminezhad, Eric Vermetten et al.
24 citations
Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic with demonstrated preliminary clinical efficacy in a range of psychiatric disorders. Evaluating the impact of psilocybin on cognitive function is essential to unravel its potential benefits and risks. In this systematic review, we assessed psilocybin's effect on cognitive function through a comprehensive search of electronic databases from inception to...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
August 30, 2024
Umaer Hanif, Alyssa Cairns, Vincent Mysliwiec et al.
14 citations
AIM: To assess self-reported parasomnias in patients with sleep disorders and explore relationships with psychiatric illness, comorbidities, subjective sleep assessments, and polysomnographic study results. METHODS: Results from intake questionnaires and polysomnographic assessments, collected from 240 sleep centers across 30 US states between 2004 and 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. Of...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
June 17, 2024
Cody A Cushing, Ha-Kwan Lau, Stefan G Hofmann et al.
When patients seek professional help for mental disorders, they often do so because of troubling subjective affective experiences. While these subjective states are at the center of the patient's symptomatology, scientific tools for studying them and their cognitive antecedents are limited. Here, we explore the use of concepts and analytic tools from the science of consciousness, a field of...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
May 17, 2024
Vanessa Siffredi, Maria Chiara Liverani, Natalia B. Fernandez et al.
2 citations
AIM: Adolescents born very preterm (VPT; <32 weeks of gestation) face an elevated risk of executive, behavioral, and socioemotional difficulties. Evidence suggests beneficial effects of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on these abilities. This study seeks to investigate the association between the effects of MBI on executive, behavioral, and socioemotional functioning and reliable changes...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
April 1, 2024
Ting Xue, Jialing Sheng, Hui Gao et al.
5 citations
This study investigated the impact of an 8-month daily-guided intensive meditation-based intervention (iMI) on persistent hallucinations/delusions and health-related quality of life (QoL) in male inpatients with schizophrenia with treatment-refractory hallucinations and delusions (TRHDs). A randomized controlled trial assigned 64 male inpatients with schizophrenia and TRHD equally to an 8-month...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
February 27, 2024
J. Miyata, A. Sasamoto, T. Ezaki et al.
While conservatism bias refers to the human need for more evidence for decision‐making than rational thinking expects, the jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias refers to the need for less evidence among individuals with schizophrenia/delusion compared to healthy people. Although the hippocampus‐midbrain‐striatal aberrant salience system and the salience, default mode (DMN), and frontoparietal...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
April 18, 2023
Lucy Chester, L. Valmaggia, M. Kempton et al.
Evidence for case–control studies suggests that cannabis use is a risk factor for the development of psychosis. However, there have been limited prospective studies and the direction of this association remains controversial. The primary aim of the present study was to examine the association between cannabis use and the incidence of psychotic disorders in people at clinical high risk of...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
November 27, 2019
Akira Ninomiya, Mitsuhiro Sado, Sunre Park et al.
The primary objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in secondary‐care settings where the vast majority of the patients have already undergone pharmacotherapy but have not remitted.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
June 19, 2019
Kenji Hashimoto
325 citations
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling psychiatric disorders. Approximately one‐third of the patients with MDD are treatment resistant to the current antidepressants. There is also a significant therapeutic time lag of weeks to months. Furthermore, depression in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is typically poorly responsive to antidepressants. Therefore, there exists...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
December 1, 2016
Chanchan Shen, Jiawei Wang, Guorong Ma et al.
The purpose of the current study was to explore the cerebral areas involved in nightmare disorder. Fifteen nightmare disorder patients and 15 healthy volunteers were invited to undergo resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and to complete the Nightmare Experience Questionnaire. The nightmare disorder patients scored higher on the Physical Effect and Horrible Stimulation scales,...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
August 1, 2009
Alejandro Jiménez-Genchi, Víctor M Avila-Rodríguez, Frida Sánchez-Rojas et al.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of sleep paralysis in adolescents using a folk expression. Three hundred and twenty-two adolescents (mean age, 15.9 +/- 0.88 years; 66.8% female) from three high schools in Mexico City completed both a self-reported questionnaire, including a colloquial definition of sleep paralysis and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale....
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
June 1, 2009
Miyuki Sugiura, Masataka Hirosawa, Sumio Tanaka et al.
Aims: The Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS) is an instrument that has obtained reliability and validity in some countries for use in detecting depersonalization disorder under clinical conditions, but not yet in Japan under non‐psychiatric conditions. The purposes of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the CDS (J‐CDS) and to examine its reliability and validity as an...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
June 1, 2008
Elisa H. Kozasa, João Radvany, M. Barreiros et al.
FOR MANY CENTURIES, Asian philosophers have affirmed that there are different states of awareness to be developed through meditation.1 Meditation results in changes in cognition, sensory perception, affect, hormones, and autonomic activity. Until today, there have been very few imaging studies of the neural correlates of meditation. Most of them study the act of meditation by experienced...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
April 1, 2008
Miho Miyajima, Toshihiko Matsumoto, Shigeo Ito
45 citations
DESIGNER DRUG ABUSE is a serious problem in Japan.1 Recently we encountered an acute intoxication in an emergency setting involving one such drug, which has never been reported as a clinical case anywhere. A 40-year-old man, with no previous history of mental disorder, although having had experiences of occasional use of street drugs, was brought to the emergency room by his mother. He was in a...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
February 1, 2008
Umit B Semiz, Cengiz Basoglu, Servet Ebrinc et al.
The aims of the present study were to examine the rate of nightmare disorder (ND) and to determine the levels of dream anxiety and subjective sleep quality in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Another aim was to determine whether dream anxiety was associated with childhood trauma, dissociative experiences, and subjective sleep disturbance in BPD patients. Finally, the...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
December 1, 2003
Mehmet Yucel Agargun, Hayrettin Kara, Ömer Akil Özer et al.
Abstract In the present study the prevalence of nightmare disorder (ND) was examined in patients with dissociative disorders (DD), and comparison was made between those with ND and those without nightmares in terms of clinical characteristics. The 30 patients with DD (5 male and 25 female) were recruited over 12 months in the Yüzüncü Yil University Research Hospital Department of Psychiatry....
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
June 1, 2001
Tsuyoshi Kotorii, Tatayu Kotorii, Naohisa Uchimura et al.
AbstractA sleep survey was conducted on 8162 citizens. The cumulative experience rate of sleep paralysis was 39.6%. The initial occurrence of sleep paralysis peaked at age 16 years. In addition to being higher in young people than in older subjects, the incidence of sleep paralysis was also higher among women than among men, and was significantly higher among shift worker than non‐shift worker,...
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
June 1, 2000
Kazuhiko Fukuda, Robert D. Ogilvie, Tomoka Takeuchi
Abstract There were no differences between Canada and Japan in the prevalence and symptoms of sleep paralysis (SP), but many more Canadians considered SP to be a dream. The difference was considered to be derived from the fact that there is a common expression for SP in Japan but there is not one in Canada. Then, we investigated why there are individuals who consider SP to be a dream and others...