Preprints.org
April 10, 2026
Fang Duan, Xiongping Cao, Zheng Yan et al.
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Background: Auditory oddball paradigms are widely used to investigate neural responses to deviant stimuli and attentional processing. However, different paradigms involve deviant stimuli with varying levels of stimulus relevance, and the corresponding neural responses have rarely been directly compared within a unified experimental framework. The aim of this study was to compare neural...
Preprints.org
April 10, 2026
Harald Bentz Høgseth
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This article explores how memory emerges through material environments and em-bodied practices in historic wooden neighbourhoods. Drawing on research from the WoodiSH project (Wooden Cities: Memory, Sustainability and Craft in Historic Neigh-bourhoods), the study examines how knowledge and cultural memory become embed-ded in-built environments through everyday practices of dwelling, repair, and...
Preprints.org
April 7, 2026
Luis Miguel Gallardo
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Altered states of consciousness (ASC) represent a universal human capacity for accessing and transforming the subconscious mind, employed across cultures and millennia through diverse contemplative, somatic, pharmacological, ritual, and technological modalities. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence from over 25 distinct disciplines spanning five clusters: (A) contemplative and...
Preprints.org
April 7, 2026
Luis Miguel Gallardo
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Background: Humanity faces an unprecedented crisis of suffering. Global mental health data reveal that mental disorders affect over 1 billion people worldwide, with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) representing the leading causes of disability. Conflict-affected populations experience PTSD prevalence rates exceeding 30%, while adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)...
Preprints.org
April 2, 2026
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This article addresses the “Hard Problem” of consciousness not as an immutable ontological barrier of nature, but as an iatrogenic separation—a methodological artifact induced by the reductive third-person perspective (3P). By systematically and intentionally removing the subject from the world-description to achieve a veneer of objectivity, modern physicalism creates a restrictive “substance...
Preprints.org
March 31, 2026
Luis Escobar L.-Dellamary
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Integrated Information Theory (IIT 4.0) correctly identifies causal integration as a necessary condition of conscious experience, but its exclusion postulate—which selects a single spatiotemporal grain of maximum Φ and declares all overlapping grains non-existent—generates the combination problem, the grain problem, and an untenable eliminativism about the physical. This paper argues that the...
Preprints.org
March 18, 2026
Tam Hunt
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What is causation, and how do mind and matter fit within the causal structure of reality? This paper argues that conventional reductionist causation — the view that causal influence flows only upward from microphysical constituents to larger and larger structures — is both metaphysically incomplete and inadequate to the facts. After surveying standard accounts of causation in Western philosophy...
Preprints.org
March 17, 2026
Yuki Ueda
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The nature of consciousness, specifically the state of "pure consciousness"—often characterized in contemplative traditions as a state of awareness devoid of intentional content—has transitioned from a topic of purely philosophical inquiry to a rigorous subject of neuroscientific study. This review synthesizes current clinical and neurobiological research to propose that oxytocin (OT), a...
Preprints.org
March 16, 2026
Gerd Leidig
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Contemporary philosophy of mind is beginning to rehabilitate Arthur Schopenhauer as a proto-phenomenologist whose metaphysics of the will—once divested of its ontological commitments—provides thick descriptions of embodied agency, self-structure, and intersubjective resonance. This article validates this thesis through a four-stage naturalized reconstruction: (1) Schopenhauer’s "world-knot" and...
Preprints.org
March 11, 2026
Luciano Cacciari Baruffaldi Almeida da Silva
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Contemporarybiocomputingoftenapproachesbrainorganoidsasallopoieticsub-strates for logical processing, neglecting the existential imperatives that drive biolog-ical cognition. This paper proposes a fundamental paradigm shift from AllopoieticComputing toward Autopoietic Computing, grounding the emergence of sentiencein the thermodynamic necessity of survival. By integrating the Mortal...
Preprints.org
March 10, 2026
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Explaining Consciousness: Two Leading Neurological Models
Preprints.org
March 9, 2026
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Theories of consciousness span a wide conceptual spectrum, yet most may be broadly categorised into one of two methodological perspectives: the Local-Quantitative (LOQ), positing consciousness arises exclusively from quantifiable, neurological processes, and the Anti-Local-Quantitative (ALOQ), positing extra-physiological, unquantifiable origins. By delineating key criteria—such as neural...
Preprints.org
March 5, 2026
Kyrylo Somkin
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This paper proposes a neurophilosophical conceptual model of human consciousness structured as two functional brain states: the personal mode and the meta-reflective mode. The personal mode is defined as a motivationally and socially embedded configuration of neural processes oriented toward adaptation, identity maintenance, and ego-relevant concerns. The meta-reflective mode is characterized...
Preprints.org
March 4, 2026
Gerd Leidig
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The alignment between neural dynamics and environmental structures constitutes a fundamental challenge in neuroscience. While Georg Northoff's Temporo-Spatial Theory of Consciousness (TTC) posits a "common currency" of temporo-spatial dynamics, the mechanistic operationalization of this alignment remains unspecified. This report integrates the TTC with the Affective Criticality Hypo proposed by...
Preprints.org
March 4, 2026
Deborah Tessitore McManus
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Background: Accelerating global population aging underscores the need to identify multidimensional determinants of successful aging. This review synthesizes evidence on social, spiritual, and religious factors that shape well-being, and quality of life in later adulthood. Successful aging is conceptualized as adaptation to age-related challenges through internal and external resources. Emerging...
Preprints.org
February 27, 2026
Luis Miguel Gallardo
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This comprehensive literature review synthesizes the published scholarship on transpersonal psychology, transpersonal psychotherapy, and transpersonal hypnotherapy from the field's inception in the 1960s through 2026. Drawing from 283 unique scholarly sources across multiple databases, this review examines the theoretical foundations, philosophical underpinnings, clinical applications,...
Preprints.org
February 27, 2026
Saran Singh
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This paper examines the application of Raja Yoga, an ancient contemplative practice rooted in Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, to address the distinctive challenges faced by contemporary business persons. In an era characterised by unprecedented stress, distraction, and disconnection, business professionals struggle with mental instability, anxiety, and diminished well-being, which adversely affect...
Preprints.org
February 27, 2026
Luis A. Gallardo
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The contemporary crisis of purpose and meaning has intensified amid rapid societal changes, revealing limitations in cognitive-only therapeutic approaches. This state-of-the-art review introduces the Shadow→Gift→Essence (SGE) model, a depth-oriented framework that addresses purpose and meaning at the subconscious level through structured shadow integration. The SGE model proposes that authentic...
Preprints.org
February 26, 2026
Gerd Leidig
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This contribution proposes an ontological interpretation of the "neurophilosophy of awakening" through the lens of enactive inference. Here, awakening is conceptualized not as an elusive, irreversible endgame found in classical Asian traditions, but as a process-oriented recognition of reality's fundamental structure. It marks the spiritual moment when consciousness becomes aware of itself—a...
Preprints.org
February 19, 2026
Gerd Leidig
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The long-term outcomes of individuals exposed to similar traumatic events often diverge dramatically: while some succumb to chronic despair, others achieve posttraumatic growth. This “resilience paradox” highlights a limitation of current trauma therapies. Although Prolonged Exposure, Cognitive Processing Therapy, and EMDR reliably reduce symptoms such as hyperarousal and intrusive memories,...
Preprints.org
February 9, 2026
Philippe Henry
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The global burden of mental health conditions, including Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) and chronic anxiety, has increased. Existing treatments like SSRIs, SNRIs, and TCAs often require weeks for efficacy and do not address synaptic atrophy or the rapid "reset" of the Default Mode Network (DMN) required for immediate relief. While 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) shows rapid...
Preprints.org
February 6, 2026
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Immersive virtual environments are increasingly investigated as tools capable of modulating conscious experience, yet the specific contribution of graded immersion to altered states of consciousness (ASC), time perception, and cognition remains unclear. The present study examined how different levels of immersion during videogame play influence subjective experience and post-experience...
Preprints.org
January 30, 2026
Luis Miguel Gallardo, Saamdu Chetri
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Hypnosis has traditionally been conceptualized as a clinical technique for symptom reduction, yet emerging neuroscience evidence suggests it functions more fundamentally as a mechanism of emotion regulation and self-integration. This integrative review synthesizes research from cognitive neuroscience, affective science, and clinical hypnosis to examine how hypnotic states modulate large-scale...
Preprints.org
January 29, 2026
Alireza Amirsadri, Hooman Sedighi
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This narrative review synthesizes research demonstrating the multifaceted role of nasal breathing in human health and wellbeing across developmental, physiological, immunological, and neuropsychological domains. Nasal breathing emerges as fundamental to infant development, enabling correct breastfeeding mechanics and contributing to proper maxillofacial growth. Nasal structures condition and...
Preprints.org
January 27, 2026
Luis Escobar L.-Dellamary
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The Trace & Trajectory Framework (TTF) offers a non-representationalist approach to meaning, cognition, and selfhood, grounded in dynamical systems theory and radical enactivism. Unlike traditional cognitive science, which treats meaning as something stored in mental representations, TTF proposes that meaning is enacted—it emerges through temporally extended navigational patterns called...