In the present essay, we aim to develop and contrast three different positions toward Sellars' distinction between the manifest and scientific images of man: Dennett's philosophical reconstruction of neurocognitive science, contemporary phenomenology and psychoanalysis. We will suggest that these respective traditions and the substantial differences between them can be understood in terms of a...
Recognizing that all mental processes have to be unfree and passive, we develop a model of behavior and perceptions. We shall see how misleading our intuition is and shall understand how consciousness arises.
Deconstruction of the theme of the 2017 FQXi essay contest is already an interesting exercise in its own right: Teleology is rarely useful in physics --- the only known mainstream physics example (black hole event horizons) has a very mixed score-card --- so the "goals" and "aims and intentions" alluded to in the theme of the 2017 FQXi essay contest are already somewhat pushing the limits....
This chapter provides a background to the essays in Kant and the Philosophy of Mind. In the first part of the chapter, some of the issues in the philosophy of mind which are addressed in Kant’s Critical writings are summarised. The second part charts some of the ways in which that discussion influenced twentieth-century analytic philosophy of mind, with particular focus on the way in which...
The essays in this volume explore those aspects of Kant’s writings which concern issues in the philosophy of mind. These issues are central to any understanding of Kant’s Critical philosophy and they bear upon contemporary discussions in the philosophy of mind. Fourteen specially written essays address such questions as: What role does mental processing play in Kant’s account of intuition? In...
What is an urban atmosphere? How can we differentiate an 'atmosphere' from other facets of urban consciousness and experience? This essay explores some of the wider cultural, political, and philosophical connotations of atmospheres as a focal point for critical reflections on space and subjectivity. The idea of an 'affective atmosphere' as a distinctive kind of mood or shared corporeal...
Introduction. The complex multifaceted essence of human as a biological, psychological, social being has attracted the attention of researchers and has caused hot debates during centuries. Still now, human being, her/his nature requires a broader understanding in the context of the synthesis of long-standing philosophical, psychological, religious traditions and contemporary sciences. Purpose....
Modern neuroscience has come to accept the challenge of understanding consciousness (Crick and Koch, 2003; Dehaene and Changeux, 2011). A major finding has been the discovery that there are conscious and unconscious systems in the brain (top and bottom of Figure 1, Lisman and Sternberg, 2013) and the development of methods for manipulating whether a sensory input will be consciously or...
In its study of the structure of the human imagination, the Bachlarian research is concerned with looking at “dream, poetic, or artistic images in general.” It is based on a detailed analysis of the activity of perception, the imagined power, and what comes out of them between what belongs to the past, which is produced by sensory memory and stirred by imagination, and is often represented in...
Poletti, Gebhardt, Krueger, and Raballo (2017) raise the important issue of a careful phenomenological approach in understanding the experience of psychosis in their helpful commentary on our recent article (Bell, Mills, Modinos, & Wilkinson, 2017). To summarize their main concern, they argue that the breadth of subjective and intersubjective experience in psychosis cannot be reduced to...
Schizophrenic patients suffer from hallucination which its causality is not yet fully understood. This paper attempts to approach this mystery from the perspective of quantum mechanical theories. A novel approach has been adopted to demonstrate the hallucination as a time evolution of percepts basis states in the Hilbertian consciousness which are desynchronised from the time in real world. The...
Chapter 5 displays narrative unity in the “Reason chapter” of Hegel’s Phenomenology by showing how consciousness as reason becomes, and takes successive forms as, purposive activity: first, as organism, then, as end-directed human action, and finally, as human action that is its own end. The successive forms of purposive activity in the chapter are generated as attempts to resolve the...
An ordinary religious experience does not entail an overwhelming sense of the Divine; it is not a “numinous” experience. It is instead easily ignored. In a phenomenological psychological inquiry into such a religious experience, both the noema, the “what” experienced, and the noesis, the mode of givenness of the experience, manifested themselves in distinctive ways. The paper examines a simple...
This chapter examines the philosophical reflections of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger regarding the phenomenology of the event. It proposes a kind of philosophy that should be able to take account of the very passage of time and its eventality, or structural “eventuality,” and shows that this “true” philosophy is phenomenology. What unites Husserl and Heidegger is the idea that...
This chapter examines the philosophical reflections of Jan Patočka and Martin Heidegger regarding phenomenology and the question of human phenomena. According to Patočka, Heidegger is the thinker who realized Wilhelm Dilthey's idea of “understanding the human on the basis of the human” by starting from what separates the human from all other beings, without recourse to anything foreign to...
There is converging evidence that high doses of hallucinogenic drugs can produce significant alterations of self-experience, described as the dissolution of the sense of self and the loss of boundaries between self and world. This article discusses the relevance of this phenomenon, known as "drug-induced ego dissolution (DIED)", for cognitive neuroscience, psychology and philosophy of mind....
The conclusion speculates about what it would mean to continue where Merleau-Ponty left off. If throughout his writings, he criticized all ideologies of transparency (the self’s transparency to itself, the transparency of knowledge to the self, or the transparency to the self of others), this also entails to accept that to return to the things themselves doesn’t mean that there could be an...
The study aimed to investigate the experience of adults with a diagnosis of psychosis and who have survived childhood physical abuse. We interviewed eight participants and used interpretative phenomenological analysis to generate themes. The main themes were of perceiving an everyday world of aggression and contempt by others, pervasive mistrust, feeling isolated and for some, attacking oneself...
OBJECTIVE: Literature is quite poor about the clinical effects of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) and the long-term consequences of NPS use in psychiatric patients. Consequently, it is of the greatest interest to examine which effects NPS can exert in patients with previous severe mental illness (SMI), such as psychotic patients. The aim of this work was a comprehensive review about NPS use...
Life sciences, society and policyApril 26, 2017Paulina Monjaraz Fuentes, María del Carmen Rojas Hernández, Stefano Santasilia et al.
The aim of this manuscript is to highlight that from the phenomenology and psychoanalysis point of view, the meaning of the notion of the body is different from the medical biologicist discourse. In psychoanalysis, the body is an erogenized body. It is constituted as an object for another self. Similarly, in phenomenology, the body is an own body in first instance. It is the body of a self,...