Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
December 1, 2001
Kirstie Soar, John Turner, A. C. Parrott
80 citations
Abstract 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or Ecstasy) has been implicated in the onset of a number of psychological disorders and associated with a number of psychiatric symptoms that have persisted after cessation of the drug. This paper is a review of the published psychiatric case studies from the last 10 years involving MDMA. Only 24% of patients had a previous psychiatric history...
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
December 1, 2001
Liesbeth Reneman, Jan Booij, Charles B.l.m. Majoie et al.
50 citations
Abstract Human users of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’) users may be at risk of developing MDMA‐induced neuronal injury. Previously, no methods were available for directly evaluating the neurotoxic effects of MDMA in the living human brain. However, development of in vivo neuroimaging tools has begun to provide insights into the effects of MDMA in the human brain. In this...
British Journal of Pharmacology
December 1, 2001
María Isabel Colado, Jorge Camarero, Annis O. Mechan et al.
122 citations
Administration of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’) to mice produces acute hyperthermia and long‐term degeneration of striatal dopamine nerve terminals. Attenuation of the hyperthermia decreases the neurodegeneration. We have investigated the mechanisms involved in producing the neurotoxic loss of striatal dopamine. MDMA produced a dose‐dependent loss in striatal dopamine...
Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
December 1, 2001
Christian J. Teter, Sally K. Guthrie
114 citations
“Club drugs” have become alarmingly popular. The use of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and γ‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB), in particular, has increased dramatically from 1997–1999. The pharmacokinetics of MDMA and GHB appear to be nonlinear, making it difficult to estimate a dose‐response relationship. The drug MDMA is an amphetamine analog with sympathomimetic properties, whereas...
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
December 1, 2001
Matthias E. Liechti, Franz X. Vollenweider
243 citations
Abstract In preclinical studies, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’) has been shown to release serotonin (5‐HT), dopamine and norepinephrine. However, the role of these neurotransmitters and their corresponding receptor sites in mediating the subjective effects of MDMA has not yet been studied in humans. Therefore, we investigated the effects of three different neuroreceptor...
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
December 1, 2001
A. C. Parrott
349 citations
Abstract MDMA (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or ‘Ecstasy’ was scheduled as an illegal drug in 1986, but since then its recreational use has increased dramatically. This review covers 15 years of research into patterns of use, its acute psychological and physiological effects, and the long‐term consequences of repeated use. MDMA is an indirect monoaminergic agonist, stimulating the release...
Journal of Neuroscience
November 1, 2001
Nigel P. Pedersen, W.w. Blessing
120 citations
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; "Ecstasy") increases body temperature. This process could be associated with increased cutaneous blood flow, as normally occurs with exercise-induced hyperthermia. Alternatively, an MDMA-induced fall in cutaneous blood flow could contribute to the hyperthermia by diminishing normal heat transfer from the body to the environment. We investigated these...
Journal of Forensic Sciences
November 1, 2001
Barry K. Logan, Fiona J. Couper
62 citations
Abstract 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA, is increasing in popularity in the United States as a drug of abuse. It has stimulant and empathogenic mood altering properties with the potential to affect psychomotor skills and impact driving. This report reviews the literature relating to the relevant psychomotor effects of the drug, the relationship between dose and blood concentrations,...
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
October 2001
Mary L. Forsling, John K. Fallon, A T Kicman et al.
The aim of this investigation was to examine the effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) administration on arginine vasopressin (AVP) release. (R,S)-MDMA (40 mg) was administered to eight normally hydrated healthy male volunteers (22-32 years) and blood samples were collected up to 24 h. Plasma was assayed for AVP and cortisol by radioimmunoassays, and for MDMA and the N-demethylated...
Journal of Analytical Toxicology
October 1, 2001
James C. Kraner, Damon Mccoy, Mark A. Evans et al.
89 citations
The past several years have seen a marked increase in the recreational use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or "Ecstasy". MDMA use is especially common among young people participating in dance parties called "raves". Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) exhibits both structural and pharmacological similarity to MDMA. It may, however, be a more potent central stimulant, particularly in its...