Cerca de 30% dos pacientes com transtorno depressivo maior não respondem a nenhum dos antidepressivos. Caracterizando a depressão resistente ao tratamento (DRT). Esta revisão narrativa teve como objetivo analisar criticamente as evidências sobre o uso da cetamina e da escetamina no tratamento da DRT, incluindo eficácia, mecanismos de ação, perfil de segurança e barreiras de acesso. Foram...
The glutamatergic system, particularly N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, has long been a significant focus of research into new strategies for treating depression, and the clinical success of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has been a significant breakthrough. In parallel, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, another key component of the...
Abstract The Czech Republic, like many European countries, continues to face significant challenges in treating substance use disorders (SUDs), with high relapse rates and complex comorbidities often linked to trauma and mental illness. Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has re-emerged internationally as a promising therapeutic modality, although available evidence remains heterogeneous...
Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) systematically alters sensory and bodily input by combining neutral buoyancy, thermal and proprioceptive neutrality, attenuation of exteroceptive stimulation, and enhancement of cardiorespiratory signaling to the brain. Here we examined whether this non-pharmacological sensory perturbation induces altered states of consciousness and...
PsychoactivesJune 8, 2026Fizza Mitter, Anton Sheptooha, Janni Leung et al.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains inadequately treated by existing pharmacological and psychological interventions, prompting growing interest in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Although randomised controlled trials have evaluated several psychedelic agents for PTSD, to our knowledge, no prior PTSD-specific synthesis has quantitatively examined multiple agent classes within a...
Consciousness and cognition arise from the ongoing interactions between brain regions. Synchronous fluctuations of fMRI signals may indicate that two brain regions perform similar cognitive functions, but neural interactions are also constrained by anatomical connectivity and regions’ molecular, cytoarchitectonic, and metabolic profiles. Here we disentangle the respective contributions of...
This case describes a substance-induced manic episode with psychotic features in which interaction with an AI (artificial intelligence) chatbot appeared to corroborate and reinforce the patient's delusional thought content and to contradict medical advice. Excerpts from the patient's interactions with the AI chatbot provide novel clinical insight into this phenomenon, which to date has...
Understanding how consciousness depends on large-scale brain interactions is key for both the neuroscience of consciousness and clinical translation. However, it requires moving beyond classical pairwise descriptions of functional connectivity, which cannot capture the collective dependencies emerging across multiple brain regions. Here, we use multivariate information theory measures to...
Background/Objectives: Patients in palliative care frequently experience multidimensional suffering that extends beyond physical symptoms to include existential distress, demoralization, and loss of meaning. Psychedelic-assisted therapies (PAT), including ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP), have re-emerged as promising interventions for these domains. This study aimed to provide a narrative...
Introduction The glutamatergic system is implicated in the pathogenesis of Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD), evidenced by the efficacy of ketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. This hypothesis suggests that NMDAR inhibition promotes glutamate release via suppression of NMDAR GABAergic interneurons (1). Studies report reduced plasmatic Gamma AminoButiric Acid (pGABA)...