Scientific Reports
February 19, 2025
Xue Zhang, Xin Zhao, Jiaxin Xu et al.
8 citations
For emergency intubation in critically ill adults, using esketamine for induction results in higher mean arterial pressure during and after the procedure compared to a midazolam/sufentanil admixture, with no significant difference in heart rate. Patients receiving esketamine required less norepinephrine, had a shorter duration of ventilation support (median 105 vs. 212 hours), and a shorter ICU stay (median 7 vs. 15 days). 28-day mortality did not differ between groups, and no serious adverse events occurred. Esketamine appears to be a hemodynamically stable induction agent for this population.
Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress
August 1, 2025
Jianhao Zhou, Xin Zhao, Cheng Fan et al.
2 citations
A single session of mindfulness meditation quickly lowers blood pressure and shifts heart rate variability toward a more relaxed state in college students under stress. An eight-week standardized mindfulness program further reduces stress-induced blood pressure, improves emotional well-being, and increases mindfulness, with benefits still present twelve weeks later. A sham meditation group also showed emotional and mindfulness improvements, but only the real meditation group had lower blood pressure during stress after training. The findings suggest that brief meditation can calm the body's immediate stress response, while regular practice builds lasting resilience, allowing students to choose different techniques for different stress scenarios.
Molecular Psychiatry
April 13, 2026
Xin Zhao, Xinyu Zhang, Shiying Yuan et al.
Ketamine, a drug used for anesthesia and rapid antidepressant effects, also modulates systemic immunity and protects organs through interactions with the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and immune-cell trafficking. Along the gut-brain axis, ketamine restores microbial balance, normalizes short-chain fatty acid levels, and reduces migration of gut-derived immune cells to the central nervous system, correlating with reduced neuroinflammation and depressive-like behaviors. Through the gut-lung axis, ketamine limits bacterial translocation and reduces pulmonary infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells, suggesting potential relevance in acute lung injury. Arketamine appears to provide more sustained neuroprotection with fewer adverse effects than esketamine. The findings suggest broad therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric and inflammatory diseases, but causal studies are needed.
Biological Psychology
January 1, 2026
Xiaonan Zhan, Huibiao Li, Ke Chen et al.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) reduces depressive symptoms in university students by altering brain activity and connectivity. In a randomized controlled trial, 42 healthy students completed an 8-week MBSR program or served as controls. MBSR participants showed greater improvement in depression scores. Brain imaging revealed reduced Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF, and Regional Homogeneity in the right middle cingulate cortex (MCC). Functional connectivity between the right MCC and the left hippocampus and bilateral precuneus also decreased. These connectivity changes correlated with depression improvement, suggesting MBSR promotes adaptive neural reorganization in emotional regulation networks.
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
July 1, 2024
Cheng Fan, Mengjiao Wu, Hong Liu et al.
A systematic review of 18 fMRI studies found that meditation alters brain activity in regions associated with pain, mood, and cognition. Activation of the insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex was positively linked to pain relief, while activity in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex was negatively correlated. Meta-analyses consistently implicated the insula, putamen, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and caudate nucleus. These findings suggest meditation relieves pain by acting on specific neural circuits involved in both sensory and emotional pain processing.